全文获取类型
收费全文 | 15830篇 |
免费 | 759篇 |
国内免费 | 206篇 |
专业分类
化学 | 10286篇 |
晶体学 | 144篇 |
力学 | 632篇 |
综合类 | 25篇 |
数学 | 2385篇 |
物理学 | 3323篇 |
出版年
2023年 | 122篇 |
2022年 | 249篇 |
2021年 | 300篇 |
2020年 | 344篇 |
2019年 | 345篇 |
2018年 | 352篇 |
2017年 | 295篇 |
2016年 | 521篇 |
2015年 | 463篇 |
2014年 | 513篇 |
2013年 | 1045篇 |
2012年 | 1001篇 |
2011年 | 1124篇 |
2010年 | 649篇 |
2009年 | 602篇 |
2008年 | 919篇 |
2007年 | 892篇 |
2006年 | 840篇 |
2005年 | 779篇 |
2004年 | 591篇 |
2003年 | 572篇 |
2002年 | 453篇 |
2001年 | 289篇 |
2000年 | 268篇 |
1999年 | 225篇 |
1998年 | 155篇 |
1997年 | 131篇 |
1996年 | 181篇 |
1995年 | 144篇 |
1994年 | 171篇 |
1993年 | 134篇 |
1992年 | 141篇 |
1991年 | 108篇 |
1990年 | 102篇 |
1989年 | 88篇 |
1988年 | 74篇 |
1987年 | 70篇 |
1986年 | 65篇 |
1985年 | 121篇 |
1984年 | 104篇 |
1983年 | 67篇 |
1982年 | 111篇 |
1981年 | 93篇 |
1980年 | 110篇 |
1979年 | 90篇 |
1978年 | 97篇 |
1977年 | 87篇 |
1976年 | 89篇 |
1975年 | 83篇 |
1973年 | 67篇 |
排序方式: 共有10000条查询结果,搜索用时 31 毫秒
31.
We introduce here some Itô calculus for non-continuous Dirichlet processes. Such calculus extends what was known for continuous Dirichlet processes or for semimartingales. In particular we prove that non-continuous Dirichlet processes are stable under C
1 transformation. 相似文献
32.
We present some algorithms related to rings of Ore polynomials (or, briefly, Ore rings) and describe a computer algebra library
for basic operations in an arbitrary Ore ring. The library can be used as a basis for various algorithms in Ore rings, in
particular, in differential, shift, and q-shift rings.
__________
Translated from Sovremennaya Matematika i Ee Prilozheniya (Contemporary Mathematics and Its Applications), Vol. 13, Algebra,
2004. 相似文献
33.
从现有的PCDFs分子的正辛醇 /水分配系数 (logKow)实验数据出发 ,建立定量结构 性质关系方程(QSPR) .采用G98W程序包中的PM3方法对 13 5个多氯代二苯并呋喃 (PCDFs)分子和二苯并呋喃进行了优化计算 ,作业命令为 #pPM3optfreqscf(conver =9) ,以计算所得的分子轨道能量、碳原子电荷作为PCDFs分子结构描述符 ,运用多元线性回归技术建立了PCDFs的logKow与分子结构描述符的四元方程 ,最优相关系数为 0 .95 0 7,标准偏差为 0 .173 7,经检验该模型的稳健性好 ,并对未有实验数据的 85个PCDFs的logKow进行预测 相似文献
34.
A thermodynamic approach with internal variables using Lagrange formalism. Part I: General framework 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Rachid Rahouadj Jean-Franois Ganghoffer Christian Cunat 《Mechanics Research Communications》2003,30(2):109-117
We present some reflections on the application of the Lagrangian formalism for continuous media locally uniform subjected to internal irreversible evolutions. The Lagrangian density, defined as the time derivative of a non-equilibrium thermodynamic potential, [Thermodynamics of Relaxation Processes using Internal variables within a Lagrange-formalism. P. Germain’s Anniversary Volume 2000. Contiuum Thermomechanics: the Art and Science of Modeling Matter’s Behaviour, 2000], contains all the symmetry properties of the system. The generalised Lagrange co-ordinates correspond to the state and internal variables of the time derivative of the generalised Gibbs potential. The latter being used within the framework of the De Donder’s method, must also account for the memory effect of the physical medium.This first part is devoted to the thermodynamic framework called the distribution of non-linear relaxations approach (DNLR) developed by C. Cunat on the basis of the generalised Gibbs’ relation. 相似文献
35.
O. Perru F. Ibrahim O. Bajeat C. Bourgeois F. Clapier E. Cottereau C. Donzaud M. Ducourtieux S. Galès D. Guillemaud-Mueller C. Lau H. Lefort F. Le Blanc A. C. Mueller J. Obert N. Pauwels J. C. Potier F. Pougheon J. Proust B. Roussière J. Sauvage O. Sorlin D. Verney 《Physics of Atomic Nuclei》2003,66(8):1421-1427
The PARRNe facility has been used to produce neutron-rich isotopes 83,84Gaby the ISOL method. Their decay has been studied, and β-γ coincidence and γ-γ coincidence data were collected as a function of time. The first two excited levels in 83Ge and the first excited level in 84Ge have been measured for the first time. 相似文献
36.
Franois Lavaud Michel Fontanille Yves Gnanou 《Journal of polymer science. Part A, Polymer chemistry》2004,42(19):4964-4975
Studies on the anionic polymerization of methyl methacrylate in tetrahydrofuran and in the presence of sparteine have revealed a beneficial effect due to this additive, resulting in a decrease in the extent of termination. Better control of the definition of the polymers formed can thus be achieved in the presence of this additive. On the other hand, macromolecular engineering requires a range of active species concentrations lower than 10?3 mol L?1 and particularly the synthesis of polymers of high molar masses. For a better understanding of the mechanism of chain growth under such concentration conditions, the kinetics of polymerization have been investigated with a technique based on adiabatic calorimetry. Sparteine has been found to lack sufficient cation‐binding power to prevent the propagating enolate ion pairs from aggregating. The rate constant of propagation of nonaggregated species has been estimated, as well as the aggregation constant of equilibrium. For very low initiator concentrations, termination reactions have been shown to profoundly alter the control of the polymerization and to prevent a quantitative monomer conversion. Theoretical maximal conversions have been calculated from kinetic data and compare well with the experimental values. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 42: 4964–4975, 2004 相似文献
37.
Gottfried Mayer Vitali Vogel Bas G. G. Lohmeijer Jean‐Franois Gohy Jacomina A. Van Den Broek Winfried Haase Ulrich S. Schubert Dieter Schubert 《Journal of polymer science. Part A, Polymer chemistry》2004,42(17):4458-4465
Micelles prepared from amphiphilic block copolymers in which a poly(styrene) segment is connected to a poly(ethylene oxide) block via a bis‐(2,2′:6′,2″‐terpyridine‐ruthenium) complex have been intensely studied. In most cases, the micelle populations were found to be strongly heterogeneous in size because of massive micelle/micelle aggregation. In the study reported in this article we tried to improve the homogeneity of the micelle population. The variant preparation procedure developed, which is described here, was used to prepare two “protomer”‐type micelles: PS20‐[Ru]‐PEO70 and PS20‐[Ru]‐PEO375. The dropwise addition of water to a solution of the compounds in dimethylformamide was replaced by the controlled addition of water by a syringe pump. The resulting micelles were characterized by sedimentation velocity and sedimentation equilibrium analyses in an analytical ultracentrifuge and by transmission electron microscopy of negatively stained samples. Sedimentation analysis showed virtually unimodal size distributions, in contrast to the findings on micelles prepared previously. PS20‐[Ru]‐PEO70 micelles were found to have an average molar mass of 318,000 g/mol (corresponding to 53 protomers per micelle, which is distinctly less than after micelle preparation by the standard method) and an average hydrodynamic diameter (dh) of 18 nm. For PS20‐[Ru]‐PEO375 micelles, the corresponding values were M = 603,000 g/mol (31 protomers per micelle) and dh = 34 nm. The latter particles were found to be identical to the “equilibrium” micelles prepared in pure water. Both micelle types had a very narrow molar mass distribution but a much broader distribution of s values and thus of hydrodynamic diameters. This indicates a conformational heterogeneity that is stable on the time scale of sedimentation velocity analysis. The findings from electron microscopy were in disagreement with those from the sedimentation analysis both in average micelle diameter and in the width of the distributions, apparently because of imperfections in the staining procedure. The preparation procedure described also may be useful in micelle formation from other types of protomers. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 42: 4458–4465, 2004 相似文献
38.
39.
Jérôme Le NôtreAna Acosta Martinez Pierre H DixneufChristian Bruneau 《Tetrahedron》2003,59(47):9425-9432
Enyne rearrangement of silylated modified terpenoids has been used as the key step for the synthesis of new terpenes and terpenoids. The catalytic system generated in situ from [RuCl2(p-cymene]2, 1,3-bis(mesityl)imidazolinium chloride and cesium carbonate is able to perform the transformation of silylated 1,7-enynes into cyclic siloxanes. Selective cleavage of the silicon-carbon and silicon-oxygen bonds by simple reactions has been performed to afford new terpenes and terpenoids by formal addition of a C5 unit. 相似文献
40.
François Ledrappier Mark Pollicott 《Bulletin of the Brazilian Mathematical Society》2005,36(2):143-176
In this paper we study the ergodic properties of the linear action of lattices Γ of SL(2,ℚp) on ℚp × ℚp and distribution results for orbits of Γ. Following Serre, one can define a “geodesic flow” for an associated tree (actually
associated to GL(2,ℚp)). The approach we use is based on an extension of this approach to “frame flows” which are a natural compact group extension
of the geodesic flow. 相似文献