Time‐Dependent Photodynamic Therapy for Multiple Targets: A Highly Efficient AIE‐Active Photosensitizer for Selective Bacterial Elimination and Cancer Cell Ablation

Pathogen infections and cancer are two major human health problems. Herein, we report the synthesis of an organic salt photosensitizer (PS), called 4TPA‐BQ, by a one‐step reaction. 4TPA‐BQ presents aggregation‐induced emission features. Owing to the aggregation‐induced reactive oxygen species generated and a sufficiently small ΔE_ST, 4TPA‐BQ shows a satisfactorily high ¹O₂ generation efficiency of 97.8 %. In vitro and in vivo experiments confirmed that 4TPA‐BQ exhibited potent photodynamic antibacterial performance against ampicillin‐resistant Escherichia coli with good biocompatibility in a short time (15 minutes). When the incubation duration persisted long enough (12 hours), cancer cells were ablated efficiently, leaving normal cells essentially unaffected. This is the first reported time‐dependent fluorescence‐guided photodynamic therapy in one individual PS, which achieves ordered and multiple targeting simply by varying the external conditions. 4TPA‐BQ reveals new design principles for the implementation of efficient PSs in clinical applications.     

Three-Pronged Attack by Homologous Far-red/NIR AIEgens to Achieve 1+1+1>3 Synergistic Enhanced Photodynamic Therapy

Photodynamic therapy (PDT) has long been shown to be a powerful therapeutic modality for cancer. However, PDT is undiversified and has become stereotyped in recent years. Exploration of distinctive PDT methods is thus highly in demand but remains a severe challenge. Herein, an unprecedented 1+1+1>3 synergistic strategy is proposed and validated for the first time. Three homologous luminogens with aggregation-induced emission (AIE) characteristics were rationally designed based on a simple backbone. Through slight structural tuning, these far-red/near-infrared AIE luminogens are capable of specifically anchoring to mitochondria, cell membrane, and lysosome, and effectively generating reactive oxygen species (ROS). Notably, biological studies demonstrated combined usage of three AIE photosensitizers gives multiple ROS sources simultaneously derived from several organelles, which gives superior therapeutic effect than that from a single organelle at the same photosensitizers concentration. This strategy is conceptually and operationally simple, providing an innovative approach and renewed awareness of improving therapeutic effect through three-pronged PDT.     

Synthesis and characterization of a new disubstituted polyacetylene containing indolylazo moieties in side chains

A new disubstituted polyacetylene with indolylazo moieties in its side chains ( 9 ) was synthesized by a post functionalization strategy, which was difficult, or perhaps impossible, to obtain from the direct polymerization of its corresponding monomer. The polymer is soluble in common solvents and thermally stable. The polymer shows good optical transparency with an absorption maximum at 393 nm and a band edge at ～530 nm. Its poled film exhibits a resonant d₃₃ value of 17.9 pm/V and its optical nonlinearity is resistant to thermal decay at up to 147 °C. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 44: 5672–5681, 2006     

Non-flat surfaces analysis by glow discharge spectrometry

A glow discharge system is developed which allows to evaluate concentration profiles directly on the external surface of tubes while keeping a good resolution in depth, avoiding the flattening of tubes which can lead to cracks and deformation of the surface oxide layer. The geometry and the operating parameters of the device have been optimized for the characterization of Zircaloy 4 tubes used to manufacture a pressurized-water reactor fuel assembly. The principle of that modification can be extended to tubes with other geometries by adjusting the semicircular slit to the diameter of the tube to be analyzed.     

Quantum derivatives and the Schrödinger equation

We define a scale derivative for non-differentiable functions. It is constructed via quantum derivatives which take into account non-differentiability and the existence of a minimal resolution for mean representation. This justify heuristic computations made by Nottale in scale-relativity. In particular, the Schrödinger equation is derived via the scale-relativity principle and Newton’s fundamental equation of dynamics.     

Full emission color tuning in luminogens constructed from tetraphenylethene, benzo-2,1,3-thiadiazole and thiophene building blocks

Full color luminogens are constructed from tetraphenylethene, benzo-2,1,3-thiadiazole and thiophene building blocks. OLED fabricated using one of the luminogens exhibits orange-red electroluminescence with high luminance and efficiencies of 8330 cd m(-2), 6.1 cd A(-1) and 3.1%, respectively.     

Non-differentiable embedding of Lagrangian systems and partial differential equations

We develop the non-differentiable embedding theory of differential operators and Lagrangian systems using a new operator on non-differentiable functions. We then construct the corresponding calculus of variations and we derive the associated non-differentiable Euler-Lagrange equation, and apply this formalism to the study of PDEs. First, we extend the characteristics method to the non-differentiable case. We prove that non-differentiable characteristics for the Navier-Stokes equation correspond to extremals of an explicit non-differentiable Lagrangian system. Second, we prove that the solutions of the Schrödinger equation are non-differentiable extremals of the Newton?s Lagrangian.     

Monotropic smectic A to double layer smectic C transition of biphenyl containing liquid crystal acetylene

5-[（4’-Heptoxy-4-biphenylyl）carbonyloxy]-1-pentyne（A-3,7） was synthesized and the phase structures and transitions were investigated by differential scanning calorimetry（DSC）,wide angle X-ray diffraction（WAXD）,polarized light microscopy（PLM） and the molecular packing in the crystal and liquid crystalline phases were simulated by molecular dynamic simulation.The results showed that the sample formed thermodynamically metastable SmA and SmC₂ phases before crystallized during cooling and the crystal phase directly transformed into isotropic phase during heating.     

A possibilistic-valued multi-criteria decision-making support for marketing activities in e-commerce: Feedback Based Diagnosis System

In this paper we propose a multi-criteria decision making support system, called a “Feedback Based Diagnosis System” (FBDS), to aid the marketing team of an e-commerce (EC) organisation in its activities. The FBDS database is composed of customers’ satisfaction measures. These measures are related to the different services an EC offers to its customers. Thus, they constitute a multi-criteria (MC) evaluation of EC performances. In the general framework of recommender systems, these available MC evaluations are considered as useful information for other customers to help them to objectively, rationally and exhaustively assess and compare the numerous ECs among the ones likely to meet their needs. Our FBDS is not concerned with improving or automating such a recommendation process for customers. Indeed, it is merely EC management team oriented. In fact, the MC feedback database is used to diagnose the EC health and improve its strategy. In the proposed FBDS, a possibilistic framework is combined with the multi criteria representation to capture the variability and the divergence of customers’ evaluations w.r.t. each criterion. Then, an aggregation based on a weighted arithmetic mean (WAM) is proposed to obtain a synthetic appraisal of ECs. The WAM aggregation models the strategy agreed on by the EC management team. Computing the synthesis score of an EC consists in propagating the uncertainty related to its partial scores through the WAM. The possibilistic representation guarantees that no information is lost in the collective evaluation process by the consumers’ community. However, diagnosis indicators are finally proposed to the marketing team to make the interpretation of some possibilistic results more comprehensive when necessary.     

PbS纳米粒子与全共轭高分子的自组装膜原位复合及其光电转换性质

无机纳米粒子因其在催化、磁学、光子学等方面的特殊性质而越来越受到关注,纳米粒子粒径及分布可以人为控制,由此能够改变与有机聚合物所形成的纳米复合材料性能,在各种无机纳米粒子／有机聚合物复合材料制备方法中,纳米反应器(Nanoreactor)技术正日益受到关注,与常规的作为化学反应特定场所的化学反应器不同,纳米反应器不是一般的具体的机械设备,