Localized modes in orientation-disordered one-dimensional media with uniaxial scatterers

Localized modes in one-dimensional (1D) media with uniaxial scatterers that are assumed to be order in spatial location but disorder in spatial orientation of their optical axis are investigated. Based on the holistic effect model in random laser, I.e., the random laser is due to the interaction of the complex localized modes in active random media with local aperiodic quasi-structure with appropriate pump light, a physical model on this type of random media is found. Its disorder degree is defined by D = no/ne. Then, the typical transmission spectrum through the random media and the light field intensity distribution corresponding to the defect modes in photonic band-gap are calculated numerically by means of the transfer matrix method, and the condition that the localized mode appears is discussed. Results show that the medium disorder plays an important role in determining the lightwave state. The localized state appears when the medium disorder is strong enough, and a new mechanism creating random laser phenomenon is brought forward.     

Inflow conditions for spatial direct numerical simulation of turbulent boundary layers

The inflow conditions for spatial direct numerical simulation (SDNS) of turbulent boundary layers should reflect the characteristics of upstream turbulence, which is a puzzle. In this paper a new method is suggested, in which the flow field obtained by using temporal direct numerical simulation (TDNS) for fully developed turbulent flow (only flow field for a single moment is sufficient) can be used as the inflow of SDNS with a proper transformation. The calculation results confirm that this method is feasible and effective. It is also found that, under a proper time-space transformation, all statistics of the fully developed turbulence obtained by both temporal mode and spatial mode DNS are in excellent agreement with each other, not only qualitatively, but also quantitatively. The normal-wise distributions of mean flow profile, turbulent Mach number and the root mean square (RMS) of the fluctuations of various variables, as well as the Reynolds stresses of the fully developed turbulence obtained by using SDNS, bear similarity in nature. Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 90205021), the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (Grant No. 20060400707), and the Foundation for the Author of National Excellent Doctoral Dissertation of China (Grant No. 200328), and partially supported by Liu-Hui Center of Applied Mathematics, Nankai University and Tianjin University     

Global existence and nonexistence for degenerate parabolic systems

The initial-boundary value problems are considered for the strongly coupled degenerate parabolic system

in the cylinder , where is bounded and are positive constants. We are concerned with the global existence and nonexistence of the positive solutions. Denote by the first Dirichlet eigenvalue for the Laplacian on . We prove that there exists a global solution iff .

     

Starlike nanostructures of polyoxometalates K3[PMo12O40].nH2O synthesized and assembled by an inverse microemulsion method

In a nonionic inverse microemulsion system, surfactant (C12-18EO9)/cyclohexane/water, heteropolyanions [PMo12O40]3- react with K+ to form K3[PMo12O40].nH2O nanorods and assemble as three-dimensional starlike nanostructures.     

Synthesis and structural characterization of imido-lanthanide complexes with a metal-nitrogen multiple bond

Treatment of an amido-ytterbium complex with n-BuLi leads to the isolation and structural characterization of a mixed amido-imido-ytterbium or imido-ytterbium complex, respectively, depending upon the molar ratios of the reactants; the Yb-N distance and the linearity of the imido N atom strongly suggest the presence of a formal Yb=N multiple bond in these novel complexes.     

Materials science of the gel to fluid phase transition in a supported phospholipid bilayer

We report the results of in situ AFM measurements examining the phase transition of bilayers formed from the zwitterionic phospholipid, DMPC, 1,2-dimyristoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine, supported on mica. The images show that the fluid to gel phase transition process features substantial tearing of the bilayer due to the density change between the two phases. The gel to fluid transition is strongly affected by the resultant stress introduced into the gel phase, which changes the degree of cooperativity, the shape of developing fluid phase regions, and the course of the transition.     

Measurements of the cross section for e(+)e(-) --> hadrons at center-of-mass energies from 2 to 5 GeV

We report values of R = sigma(e(+)e(-)-->hadrons)/sigma(e(+)e(-)-->mu(+)mu(-)) for 85 center-of-mass energies between 2 and 5 GeV measured with the upgraded Beijing Spectrometer at the Beijing Electron-Positron Collider.     

Near-infrared Raman spectroscopy of single optically trapped biological cells

We report on the development and testing of a compact laser tweezers Raman spectroscopy (LTRS) system. The system combines optical trapping and near-infrared Raman spectroscopy for manipulation and identification of single biological cells in solution. A low-power diode laser at 785 nm was used for both trapping and excitation for Raman spectroscopy of the suspended microscopic particles. The design of the LTRS system provides high sensitivity and permits real-time spectroscopic measurements of the biological sample. The system was calibrated by use of polystyrene microbeads and tested on living blood cells and on both living and dead yeast cells. As expected, different images and Raman spectra were observed for the different cells. The LTRS system may provide a valuable tool for the study of fundamental cellular processes and the diagnosis of cellular disorders.     

Synthesis and biological evaluation of the geometric farnesylated analogues of the a-factor mating peptide of Saccharomyces cerevisiae

The a-factor of Saccharomyces cerevisiae is a dodecapeptide pheromone (YIIKGVFWDPAC(Farnesyl)-OCH(3), 1), in which post-translational modification with a farnesyl isoprenoid and carboxymethyl group is required for full biological activity. This peptide has been used as a model system to explore the biological function of the farnesylcysteine moiety, which is found on and required for the biological activity of many key mammalian proteins. The objective of this particular study was the determination of the biological effect of double bond isomerization of the natural E, E-farnesyl moiety on the biological activity of the a-factor. A unified, stereoselective synthetic route to the three geometric isomers of E,E-farnesol (12, 13, and 14) has been developed. The key feature of this synthesis is the ability to control the stereochemistry of triflation of the beta-ketoester 22 to give either 23 or 25. The three farnesol isomers were converted to the corresponding isomeric a-factors (9, 10 and 11) via a modified version of a previously utilized synthetic route. Biological evaluation of these peptides indicates that, surprisingly, all three possess nearly equivalent activity to the natural a-factor bearing the E,E-farnesyl moiety.