离轴微粒场全息术中记录介质分辨率要求

本文从离轴微粒场全息记录光路的一般模型出发,导出了离轴微粒场全息术中记录介质分辨率要求的普遍公式。讨论了三种典型形状微粒对记录介质的分辨率要求。结果表明,除了参考光的倾角外,微粒的尺寸和参、物光的波前曲率差及微粒重心偏离光轴的距离也都是影响记录介质分辨率要求的主要因素。     

油气样品的固定波长同步荧光光谱特征研究

固定波长同步荧光光谱是同时扫描激发波长和发射波长而获得的荧光光谱，具有图谱简单、窄化、光谱重叠少、干扰小等优点，通过在量油气的固定波长同步荧光光谱，提出不同性质油气的荧光光谱特征。将此技术应用于钻井岩屑分析可以判断油气的属性，用于地下水样和地表土壤样分析，可以判断下伏的含油气性，为钻井提供有利靶区。事实证明，固定波长同步荧光光谱和三维荧光光谱的指正是一致的，可以用简单、快捷的同步荧光谱分析代替三维荧光光谱分析，取得事半功倍的效果。     

用于二氧化碳电催化还原的电解器研究进展

The electrocatalytic CO₂ reduction reaction (CO₂RR) driven by renewable energy is an efficient approach to achieve the conversion and utilization of CO₂. In this context, CO₂RR has become an emerging research focus in the field of electrocatalysis over the past decade. While a large number of nanostructured catalysts have been developed to accelerate CO₂RR, the tradeoff between activity and selectivity usually renders the overall electrocatalytic performance very poor. Beyond catalyst design, rationally designing electrolyzers is also of substantial importance for improving the CO₂RR performance and achieving its scale-up for practical applications. To a large extent, the electrolyzer configuration determines the local reaction environment near an electrode by affecting the process conditions, thereby resulting in remarkably different electrocatalytic performances. To be techno-economically viable, the performance of CO₂ electrolyzers is expected to be at least comparable to that of the current state-of-the-art proton exchange membrane (PEM) water electrolyzers, with regard to their activity, selectivity, and stability. Researchers have made great progress in the development of CO₂ electrolyzers over the past few years, but they are also facing many issues and challenges. This review aims to provide an in-depth analysis of the research progress and status of current CO₂ electrolyzers including H-cell, flow-cell, and membrane electrode assembly cell (MEA-cell) electrolyzers. Herein, operation at industrial current densities (> 200 mA∙cm⁻²) is set as a basis when these electrolyzers are discussed and compared in terms of the four main figures of merit (current density, Faradic efficiency, energy efficiency and stability) that describe the CO₂RR performance of an electrolyzer. The advantages and drawbacks of each electrolyzer are discussed and highlighted with emphasis on the key achievements reported to date. Compared to conventional H-cell electrolyzers that work well in mechanistic studies, the newly developed electrolyzers using gas diffusion electrodes, both flow-cell and MEA-cell electrolyzers, are able to break the limitation of CO₂ solubility in water and acquire industrial current densities. Although flow-cell electrolyzers have achieved current densities exceeding 1 A∙cm⁻², they suffer from low energy efficiencies because of the significant iR drop and poor stability owing to the use of alkaline electrolytes. These issues can be overcome in the case of zero-gap MEA-cell electrolyzers with ion exchange membranes being as solid electrolytes. The anion exchange membrane (AEM)-based CO₂ electrolyzers are at the center of the current research, as they demonstrate promising activity and selectivity toward specific CO₂RR products and exhibit excellent stability for over thousands of hours in few cases. Meanwhile, the crossover of CO₂ and liquid products from the cathode to the anode through the membrane tends to lower the utilization efficiency of the CO₂ supplied to the AEM electrolyzers. MEA-cell electrolyzers using cation exchange membranes and bipolar membranes have also been explored; however, neither of them have shown satisfactory CO₂RR performance. The development of new polymer electrolyte membranes and ionomers would help address these problems. While issues and challenges still exist, MEA-cell electrolyzers hold the greatest promise for practical applications. As concluding remarks, research strategies and opportunities for the future have been proposed to accelerate the development of CO₂RR technology for practical applications and to deepen the mechanistic understanding behind improved performance. This review provides new insights into rational electrolyzer design and guidelines for researchers in this field.     

高通滤波法数字重现同轴全息图

提出并实现了高通滤波法重现同轴全息图，消除孪生象的影响，详细解释了这种方法的原理，通过数字模拟，证明了这种方法的可行性。     

劣腔内二能级原子的双光子共振荧光光谱

研究了劣腔内二能级原子与单模腔场的双光子相互作用，腔内原子受外加固相干光场驱动，并向一般真空态自发辐射，通过腔镜内腔内注入压缩真空态光场，使腔模向压缩真空态光场衰减，本文利用劣腔近似条件得到原子约化密度算符主方程，在此基础上讨论了二能级原子的双光子共振荧光光谱。     

INTERPOLATING MULTIVARIATE RATIONAL SPLINES IN R

On each simplex in a complex of r-dimensional simplices a rational function of special form is constructed which is composed of a polynomial part and a rational part.It is proved in this paper that these pieceivise rational functions can be patched together sufficiently smoothly to form a uniquely determined rational spline by certain interpolation conditions.     

ON THE CHOICES OF ACCELERATING CONVERGENCE FACTORS FOR LIMIT PERIODIC CONTINUED FRACTION K(an/1)

There are many accelerating convergence factors (ACFs) for limit periodic continued fraction K(an/1)(an→a≠0). In this paper, some characteristics and comparative theorems are ob tained on ACFs. Two results are given for most frequently used ACFs.     

线性过程的收敛速度

设X_t=sum from j=0 to ∞ c_jε_(t-j)是一个线性过程,当{ε_t}是一个局部广义高斯随机序列时,我们获得了X_t的重对数收敛速度。     

Site-specific Deposition of Colloidal Pd Nanoparticles on Self-assembled Microtubules from Biolipid

Lipid microtubules with wound ribbon features were fabricated by self-assembling method, and the deposition patterns of colloidal Pd particles on tubular template were investigated. The result indicates that colloidal Pd nanoparticles are preferentially decorated on the helical markings in the interior and on the exterior of preformed tubule and to the edge of loosely helical ribbons to obtain helical deposition features. The multi-bilayer microstructure of tubules can be marked by fine Pd nanoparticles deposited at the edge of helical ribbon. There are the site-specific interactions between lipid tubular template and colloidal Pd particles at the helical edge. A new route was illustrated that colloidal Pd particles firstly attach at the edge of thin flat membranes, and then thin membranes roll up and reassemble into tubule together with particles to form helical deposition patterns. The site-specific deposition of Pd is unbeneficial to obtain the homogeneous metal film on tubules, but it can be utilized to reveal the different chemical nature of lipid molecular assembly.     

RESEARCH ON POWDERY CORROSION OF THE SERIALS BELLS FROM CAI HOU TOMB

"Powdery corrosion" is called "cancer" of cultural relics of bronze. For many years theexperts concerned at home and abroad cannot make distinct progress in the control or cure ofpowdery corrosion. This paper introduces in detail analyses of XRD, SEM. TEM and XRFA on afragment of serials bells with serious powdery corrosion from the Cai Hou Tomb, pointingout that the components of powdery corrosion are mainly atacamite (Cu_2(OH)_3Cl), cuprite(Cu_2O) and cassiterite (SnO_2) in the worse crystalline state. In the bell's matrix, there arecorrosion gullies which has the same phase components as the powdery corrosion. Obviously,this discovery has very important significance for studying the formation mechanism ofpowdery corrosion.