Facile and scalable fabrication engineering of fullerenol nanoparticles by improved alkaline-oxidation approach and its antioxidant potential in maize

A feasible in operation, labor-saving and low-cost one-step technology to fabricate fullerenol nanoparticles (FNPs) up to 10 g in laboratory was developed by improved alkaline-oxidation approach using moderately concentrated sodium hydroxide solution as the hydroxylation agent and o-dichlorobenzene as the solvent. This strategy paves the avenue for industrial-scale bulk production of FNPs. The resulted product, [C₆₀(OH)₂₂·8H₂O]_n, were characterized by various measurements including matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry, high-resolution ¹H nuclear magnetic resonance spectrometry, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, UV-Visible spectrophotometer, thermogravimetric analysis, differential scanning calorimetry, dynamic light scattering analysis, scanning electron microscopy, and electron spin resonance spectrometer. Radical scavenging assay in vitro confirmed the high efficiency of water-soluble [C₆₀(OH)₂₂·8H₂O]_n as a novel radical scavenger. Furthermore, [C₆₀(OH)₂₂·8H₂O]_n as an excellent candidate has the potential to serve as the plant defense stimulation agent in maize.

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Uniform Convergence of Multigrid V-Cycle on Adaptively Refined Finite Element Meshes for Elliptic Problems with Discontinuous Coefficients

The multigrid V-cycle methods for adaptive finite element discretizations of two-dimensional elliptic problems with discontinuous coefficients are considered. Under the conditions that the coefficient is quasi-monotone up to a constant and the meshes are locally refined by using the newest vertex bisection algorithm, some uniform convergence results are proved for the standard multigrid V-cycle algorithm with Gauss-Seidel relaxations performed only on new nodes and their immediate neighbours. The multigrid V-cycle algorithm uses $\mathcal{O}(N)$ operations per iteration and is optimal.     

寻求多项式系统在开超长方体中的实零点

对于给定的一个n元实多项式系统P和Rn中一个开超长方体S,给出了一个有效算法,使得在ZeroR(P)∩S的每一个半代数连通分支上能找到至少一个零点。为精确起见,所找的实零点通过所谓的区间有理单元表示来描述。为处理实例,有关算法在Maple软件平台上被编制成一个通用程序。     

双向中继网络中基于压缩感知的稀疏信道估计

为提高双向中继网络中稀疏信道估计的精度并减少训练序列的长度, 利用双向中继信道(Two-way Relay Channel, TWRC)的潜在稀疏特性, 研究了基于压缩感知的稀疏TWRC估计问题, 提出了一种改进的正交匹配追踪(Improved Orthogonal Matching Pursuit, IOMP)算法. 新算法运用迭代重加权最小二乘估计代替了正交匹配追踪(Orthogonal Matching Pursuit, OMP)算法中的最小二乘估计过程, 通过对样本进行迭代重加权, 逐步减小了异常样本的影响, 不断地修正了估计值, 在使用相同长度的训练序列时, 提高了估计的精度. 与传统的最小二乘估计算法相比, 新算法能够在获得相同估计效果的情况下, 显著减少所需训练序列的长度. 仿真结果验证了基于新算法的稀疏TWRC估计的有效性.     

类金刚石薄膜红外光学常数的计算机拟合

报道了一种对类金刚石薄膜红外透射率曲线最小二乘法拟合的方法，确定类金刚石薄膜的红外光学常数－折射率、吸收系数以及薄膜厚度及表面粗糙度。介绍了相应的数学模型，并给出了对类金刚石薄膜样品的实验测及拟合结果。     

Wronskian and Grammian Determinant Solutions for a Variable-Coefficient Kadomtsev-Petviashvili Equation

In this paper, we derive the bilinear form for a variable-coefficient Kadomtsev Petviashvili-typed equation. Based on the bilinear form, we obtain the Wronskian determinant solution, which is proved to be indeed an exact solution of this equation through the Wronskian technique. In addition, we testify that this equation can be reduced to a Jacobi identity by considering its solution as a Grammian determinant by means of Pfaffian derivative formulae.     

Quantum Heat Transfer in a Harmonic Chain with a Dephasing Reservoir

The quantum heat transfer in a harmonic chain with a dephasing reservoir is investigated based on the master equation method. The incoming phonons from the thermal reservoir will be scattered back partially into the reservoir at the contact site, leading to the contact resistance. Dephasing in the harmonic chain suppresses the transmitting of scattered phonons into the harmonic chain. Then the heat flux in the chain is reduced by dephasing. However, the heat t~ux is symmetric to interchanging the reservoirs temperatures even with the dephasing. Therefore, the thermal rectification csnnot be realized with pure depha~ing only.     

Topological Structure of Entropy of 4-Dimensional Axisymmetric Black Holes

Using the relationship between the entropy and the Euler characteristic, an entropy density is introduced to describe the inner topological structure of the entropy of 4-dimensional axisymmetric black holes. It is pointed out that the density of entropy is determined by the singularities of the timelike Killing vector field of spacetime, and these singularities carry the topological numbers, Hopf indices and Brouwer degrees, which are topological invariants. At last, Kerr–Newman black hole as an example of axisymmetric black holes is given. What’s more, the entropy and the latent heat of the topological phase transition of the black hole mentioned above are calculated and the latent heat just lies in the range of the energy of gamma ray bursts. This work is supported in part by the NSFs of China under Grant No. 10575068 and of Shanghai Municipal Committee of Science and Technology under Grant No. 04ZR14059 and Shanghai Leading Academic Discipline Project under Project Number: T0104.     

胆结石中蛋白质的傅里叶变换红外光谱和表面增强拉曼光谱研究

用氯仿、乙醚、乙醇和盐酸等溶剂溶解一组人体胆结石，获取难溶物；用傅里叶变换红外光谱和表面增强拉曼光谱对难溶剩余物进行研究。结果显示，结石难溶物主要由胆红素盐和蛋白质组成，结石中的蛋白质的二级结构以α螺旋和无规卷曲构象为主，其中α螺旋构象成分较多。讨论了蛋白质在胆结石形成中的作用。