新型电感储能脉冲功率驱动源

提出了将传统单个储能电感利用传输线分隔成两部分的新型电感储能脉冲功率驱动源技术方案。理论分析表明,利用传输线电容的耦合延时作用,可有效对调制器输出脉冲波形进行整形,并且可以进一步提高能量转换效率,从而克服传统电感储能脉冲功率源输出波形质量差(类三角波波形)的缺点。基于该思想开展了实验研究,获得了电压约300 kV,电流约20 kA的电子束,并成功驱动S波段磁绝缘线振荡器获得了百MW量级的微波输出。     

向内发射磁绝缘振荡器

提出了一种向内发射磁绝缘振荡器,并给出了微波轴向提取的方法。这种新型结构通过外置阴极、内置阳极,使参与束波作用的轮辐电流通过阳极回流提供了自磁绝缘的角向磁场,有提高器件效率的可能。而外置阴极使阴极的发射面积增大,发射电流密度减小,有利于延长阴极寿命。通过粒子模拟,得到了几何参数与磁绝缘线振荡器输出功率的关系。在电压890 kV,电流56.1 kA下,输出功率为3.6 GW,频率为8.2GHz。     

SU-8光栅结构中的液晶激光特性

设计制作了SU-8光栅结构的染料掺杂手性向列相液晶激光器件,在器件正面和侧面均实现了随机激光辐射。将激光染料PM597、手性剂S-811、向列性液晶TEB30A按一定比例均匀混合,注入反平行摩擦处理的液晶盒中,器件的下基板通过光掩模法刻蚀出周期为15μm的光栅。利用532 nm的Nd∶YAG固体脉冲激光器作为泵浦源,器件的侧面既在580～590 nm范围内出现了多个离散分立的随机激光辐射峰,FWHM约0.19 nm,又在579～585 nm范围内出现独立的两个激光辐射峰,FWHM约0.19 nm;在器件正面获得了584～590 nm范围的随机激光辐射谱,FWHM约0.17 nm。加热器件至61℃,液晶相变为各向同性态,器件侧面仍出现了波长约590.60 nm、FWHM约0.24 nm的激光辐射峰。分析得出,液晶盒中引入SU-8光栅结构后,光子同时在液晶分子间多重散射和SU-8光栅中布拉格反射获得反馈放大,两种机制相辅相成。器件侧面出现的独立激光辐射峰主要由SU-8光栅布拉格反射提供反馈放大形成,而器件侧面和正面的随机激光辐射峰主要由液晶分子间多重散射提供反馈放大形成。     

Tail wavelets in merger of binary compact objects

We present a model for tail wavelets, a phenomenon known as "echo" in the literature. The tail wavelet may appear in signal reconnaissances in the merger of binary compact objects, including black holes and neutron stars. We show that the dark matter surrounding the compact objects lead to a speculated tail wavelet following the main gravitational wave(GW). We demonstrate that the radiation pressure of the main wave is fully capable of pushing away the surrounding matter to some altitude, and splashing down of the matter excites the tail wavelet after ringing down of the main wave. We illustrate this concept in a simplified model, where numerical estimations are conducted on the specific distribution of dark matter outside the black hole horizon and the threshold values in accordance with observations. We study the full back reaction of the surrounding dark matter to the metric and find that the effect on to the tail wavelets is insignificant. We reveal the fine difference between the tail wavelets of a dressed and a bare black hole. We demonstrate that the tail wavelet can appear as a natural phenomenon in the frame of general relativity, without invoking modified gravities or quantum effects.     

黄连与甘草化学成分的相互作用研究之一——混浊汤剂中沉淀部分的成分研究

以黄连与甘草为配伍组成的复方是一种沉淀性配伍, 它属于仲景古方系列之一。其汤剂呈混浊状, 分别对离心分离后的溶液与沉淀物的成分进行研究。运用高效液相色谱(HPLC)、傅里叶变换红外光谱(FTIR)和飞行时间质谱(TOF-MS)的方法, 对单煎黄连、单煎甘草和混煎黄连与甘草的溶液和沉淀物的结构组成进行研究。文章着重报道沉淀物成分的研究, 同时还将混煎沉淀物和溶液的谱学行为做了比较。结果发现, 在混煎黄连与甘草的沉淀物中, 黄连的有些化学成分被保留下来, 有些成分却被抑制了;而甘草的化学成分基本都消失了;同时在混煎黄连与甘草的沉淀物中还产生了在单煎黄连与单煎甘草中所没有的一些新物质。此结果说明黄连与甘草在混煎后其沉淀物的结构组成发生了变化, 这是由于在此复方中发生了甘草与黄连化学成分的相互作用所致。根据飞行时间质谱的数据, 推测黄连与甘草发生的化学反应可能有加成反应、分解反应和缔合反应等类型。它表明甘草在此复方中起到了极为重要的作用。通过混煎沉淀物与溶液的研究结果比较还表明, 在沉淀物中可能含有比溶液中更多的化学活性成分,它为古方的药用和疗效提供了一定科学依据。     

Vanishing Shear Viscosity Limit in the Magnetohydrodynamic Equations

We study an initial boundary value problem for the equations of plane magnetohydrodynamic compressible flows, and prove that as the shear viscosity goes to zero, global weak solutions converge to a solution of the original equations with zero shear viscosity. As a by-product, this paper improves the related results obtained by Frid and Shelukhin for the case when the magnetic effect is neglected. Supported by NSFC (Grant No. 10301014, 10225105) and the National Basic Research Program (Grant No. 2005CB321700) of China.     

1.8m望远镜变形次镜波前拟合能力分析

波前拟合能力分析是变形次镜研制工作的重要组成部分,是基于变形次镜的新型自适应光学系统研制的重要基础.以拟合误差为评价标准,采用有限元计算所得驱动器影响函数对1.8 m望远镜变形次镜四个备选方案进行了泽尼克(Zernike)多项式、Kolmogorov湍流大气畸变相位屏拟合能力分析.结果表明73单元变形次镜波前拟合能力较...     

Thermal shock induced nanocrack as high efficiency surface conduction electron emitter

Significant emission current enhancement has been achieved for surface conduction electron emitter, due to the special three-dimensional nanocrack structure fabricated by the thermal shock process. The three-dimensional configuration strongly changed the electric field distribution and controlled the emission electron trajectory. Thermal shock treatment was also used to increase the edge roughness of the nanocrack and thereby dramatically improved the field emission characteristics. Stable and uniform electron emission was observed with turn-on voltage of 150 V. The surface conduction current of 400 μA for 6 cells was obtained with the detector voltage of 1 kV and the gap voltage of 170 V.     

Cu-In-O composite thin films deposited by reactive DC magnetron sputtering

Cu-In-O composite thin films were deposited by reactive DC magnetron sputtering at room temperature. The samples were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), X-ray diffraction (XRD), UV/vis spectrophotometer, four-probe measurement and Seebeck effect measurement, etc. The samples contain Cu, In and O. The ratios of Cu to In and O to In increase with increase in O₂ flow rates. The ratio of Cu to In is over 1 and this suggests that Cu is in excess. The obtained Cu-In-O thin films are very possibly made of rhombohedral In₂O₃ and monoclinic CuO. Transmittance of the films decreases with increase in O₂ flow rate. The decrease in transmittance results from increase in Cu content in the films. The optical band gap of all the samples is estimated to be 4.1-4.4 eV, which is larger than those of In₂O₃ and CuO. The sheet resistance of the films decreases with increase in O₂ flow rate. Conductivity of the films is a little low, due to the addition of Cu and the poor crystalline quality of the film. The conduction behavior of the films is similar to that of In₂O₃ and the conduction mechanism of Cu-In-O thin films is through O vacancy.