伊犁河、额尔齐斯河两水域中东方欧鳊的几个生化指标的比较研究

东方欧鳊(Abramis brama orientalis Berg)源于苏联咸海,我区伊犁河和额尔齐斯河均有分布,由于地理隔离的结果,两水系的东方真鳊已在形态学上出现了某些差异,为进一步探明二者间的亲缘关系,我们进行了鱼肉蛋白质含量、鱼肉氨基酸组成,LDH同工酶、血清蛋白等生化指标的比较研究,结果表明除了氨基酸组成及含量基本未发生变化外,其余三项指标均有显著不同,即说明两水系的东方欧鳊已出现种群间差异,至于是否已分化成两个不同的亚种,尚待进一步研究.     

The accuracy evaluation method of baseline estimation algorithms in energy dispersive X-ray fluorescence spectrum analysis

In energy dispersive X-ray fluorescence analysis (EDXRF), many baseline estimation algorithms have been proposed for the accurate characteristic peak area. However, the true value of the characteristic peak area of measured spectrum is unknown and cannot be used to evaluate the accuracy of the baseline estimation algorithms. In this article, an assessment method was proposed based on Monte Carlo simulation, which can obtain the characteristic peak area, and evaluate the accuracy of the baseline estimation algorithms directly. Meanwhile, the accuracy and practicality of four baseline estimation algorithms were evaluated by the assessment method, which include statistics-sensitive nonlinear iterative peak-clipping (SINP), fast Fourier transform (FFT), adaptive iteratively reweighted penalized least squares (AirPLS), and automated iterative moving averaging (AIMA). Comparing the relative error of the characteristic peak area, AirPLS gave the best performance for baseline estimation in EDXRF.     

石墨探针技术／石墨炉原子吸收光谱测定人发中痕量锰

本文采用探针原子化技术对痕量锰进行了一系列条件试验，试验结果表明，石墨探针炉法具有灵敏度高，检出限低，重现性好，简便快速等特点，应用于人发中痕量锰的测定，结果满意。     

基于均值置信区间带的高光谱特征波段选择与树种识别

以柏木、雷竹和无患子野外高光谱数据为基础,在统计学理论和实践分析的基础上,提出了利用均值置信区间带筛选树种间最佳特征区分波段及利用Manhattan距离和Min-Max区间相似度识别树种的问题。研究结果表明:(1)柏木与雷竹之间的最佳区分波段为358～386,452～1 145和1 314～2 500 nm,柏木与无患子之间的最佳区分波段为350～446,497～527,553～1 330,1 355～2 400和2 436～2 500 nm,雷竹与无患子之间的最佳区分波段为434～555,580～1 903,1 914～2 089,2 172～2 457和2 475～2 500 nm;(2)在最佳区分波段内,同种树种间的Manhattan距离远小于异种树种间的Manhattan距离,同种树种间的Min～Max区间相似度远大于异种树种间的Min～Max区间相似度,Manhattan距离和Min～Max区间相似度可以有效区分和识别不同类型的树种。     

Effect of post heat treatment on microstructure and photocatalytic activities of TiO2 nanoribbons

Low-dimensional TiO₂ nanoribbons were synthesized by a simple one-step hydrothermal method. The TiO₂ nanoribbons were calcined over the temperature range 200-800 °C in order to enhance their photocatalytic properties by altering their crystal phase and increasing crystallization. Effects of hydrothermal temperature, calcinated temperature and calcination time on the formation of nanostructures have been observed and characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The (BET) specific surface area of the samples which with different post treatments were determined by N₂ absorption-desorption experiment. In addition, photocatalytic activities of the nanoribbons were evaluated by photodegradation of organic dyes methyl orange under the radiation of UV light. The results reveal that the post-treatments have great effects on the microstructures and the photocatalytic activities of TiO₂ nanoribbons.     

基于LabVIEW的驻波法测量声速的实验模拟

利用LabVIEW编写的测量声速的实验模拟软件不仅模拟了传统物理实验的操作过程,而且还加入了数据处理模块,实验数据采集完成后即可得出实验数据处理结果,可以用于学生实验前的预习与探究,或者实验教学中的演示。     

X射线荧光光谱研究粮食中生命有机碳与碳化学循环

采用X射线荧光光谱(XRF)方法测定六种粮食:稻谷(大米)、小麦(面粉)、黄豆、小米、高粱和玉米中生命有机碳含量和化学元素组成,建立一种新方法测定它们的蛋白质含量.粮食中生命有机碳平均含量约为44%.黄豆中的蛋白质含量最高(42.74%),小米蛋白质含量28.56%,麦子蛋白质含量27.57%,玉米蛋白质含量24.99...     

基于改进量子粒子群和主动PI模型的自适应无线传感器网络拥塞控制算法设计

针对无线传感器网络中路由节点需要转发大量数据导致网络拥塞,从而引起节点丢包率高和网络吞吐率过低的问题,提出了一种基于主动PI模型和改进量子粒子群优化算法的拥塞控制方法;首先定义了丢包率和队列长度计算方式;设计了改进的PI主动队列管理模型,然后,为了改进PI模型的控制效果,采用改进的量子粒子群算法对PI主动队列管理模型中的比例系数和积分系数kP和kI进行参数优化,从而得到能实现WSN自适应控制的主动PI控制模型;最后,对基于量子粒子群算法和PI主动队列模型的网络拥塞算法进行了描述和说明;仿真实验表明:文中提出的拥戴控制方法能有效实现WSN拥塞控制,是一种适用于WSN的有效拥塞控制方法,与其它方法相比,具有较短的平均队列长度和较大的网络吞吐率,具有很强的可行性。     

色散金属光学特性分析通用时域有限差分方法

结合数字信号处理中的半解析递归卷积(SARC)算法,提出一种用于金属光学特性分析的改进半解析递归时域有限差分方法(SARC FDTD)。该方法保持了SARC算法的绝对稳定性和高精度、低内存等优点,又利用梯形近似使FDTD递推公式更加简洁,计算效率进一步提高,对于各种常用金属色散模型,均只需给出模型的极点和对应的系数,即可运用该算法的程序进行计算,具有较好的通用性。最后,通过金属的高阶Lorentz,Drude-Lorentz和Drude-CP三种常用色散模型对算法进行了验证。     

Ultraviolet band edge photorefractivity in LiNbO3:Sn crystals

The ultraviolet (UV) band edge photorefractivity of Sn-doped LiNbO(3) (LN:Sn) at 325 nm has been investigated. A sharp decrease of beam distortion, which is accompanied by a significant increase in the photoconductivity, is observed in LN:Sn crystals with Sn-doping concentrations at or above 2.0 mol%. The diffraction efficiency, the holographic recording sensitivity and response rate, and the two-wave coupling gain coefficient are greatly enhanced when the Sn-doping concentration reaches 2.0 mol% or more. Unlike LiNbO(3) doped with Hf in which the UV gratings can be erased easily by a red beam, the UV gratings in LN:Sn can withstand long-term red beam illumination. Electrons are determined to be the dominant light-induced charge carriers responsible for the UV band edge photorefraction. The observed enhancement on the UV band edge photorefractivity is found to be associated with the showup of an absorption band around 325 nm in LN:Sn crystals with Sn-doping concentrations at or above 2.0 mol%.