Effects of gamma irradiation on chemical composition and ruminal protein degradation of canola meal

Gamma irradiation of canola meal (at doses of 25, 50 and 75 kGy) could alter its ruminal protein degradation characteristics by cross-linking of the polypeptide chains. This processing resulted in decrease (linear effect, P<0.001) of ruminal protein degradation and increase (linear effect, P<0.001) of intestinal protein digestibility. The results showed that gamma irradiation at doses higher than 25 kGy can be used as a cross-linking agent to improve protein properties of supplements in ruminant nutrition.     

On-line extraction and determination of uranium in aqueous samples using multi-walled carbon nanotubes-coated cellulose acetate membrane

In this work, multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs)-coated cellulose acetate membrane was used for on-line extraction and pre-concentration of uranium from aqueous samples prior to inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES) determination. Sample solutions containing the U(VI)-2-(5-bromo-2-pyridylazo)-5-diethylaminophenol (Br-PADAP) complex were passed through the membrane. The adsorbed analyte was subsequently eluted from the membrane with acid, which was directly introduced into the ICP-OES nebuliser. The main variables affecting the pre-concentration and determination steps of uranium were studied and optimised. Under the optimised conditions, the enrichment factor of 150 and the detection limit of 0.16 μg L^–1 were obtained. This method was successfully used for determination of uranium in environmental water samples.     

von Neumann–Schatten Dual Frames and their Perturbations

In this paper, we discuss the dual of a von Neumann–Schatten p-frames in separable Banach spaces and obtain some of their characterizations. Moreover, we present a classical perturbation result to von Neumann–Schatten p-frames.     

Facile Synthesis of Some Novel Tetrasubstituted 2,4‐Diaminopyrimidine Derivatives in Aqueous Glucose Solution as a Fully Green Medium and Promoter

A novel environmentally benign method toward the synthesis of some novel tetrasubstituted 2,4‐diaminopyrimidine derivatives using an aqueous glucose‐mediated one‐pot three‐component reaction of malononitrile with various benzaldehyde and amidine derivatives is reported. Some pyrimidine derivatives possessing α‐amino acid moiety were synthesized by the present protocol for the first time. This protocol offers advantages including facile reaction conditions, using naturally occurring glucose as promoter and water as solvent, simple work‐up, relatively short reaction times, and high yields of the products.     

The simple chaotic model of passive dynamic walking

Recent findings on the dynamical analysis of human locomotion characteristics such as stride length signal have shown that this process is intrinsically a chaotic behavior. The passive walking has been defined as walking down a shallow slope without using any muscular contraction as an active controller. Based on this definition, some knee-less models have been proposed to present the simplest possible models of human gait. To maintain stability, these simple passive models are compelled to show a wide range of different dynamics from order to chaos. Unfortunately, based on simplifications, for many years the cyclic period-one behavior of these models has been considered as the only stable response. This assumption is not in line with the findings about the nature of walking. Thus, this paper proposes a novel model to demonstrate that the knee-less passive dynamic models also have the ability to model the chaotic behavior of human locomotion with some modifications. The presented novel model can show chaotic behavior as a stable and acceptable answer using a chaotic function in heel-strike condition. The represented chaotic model is also able to simulate different types of motor deficits such as Parkinson’s disease only by manipulating the value of chaotic parameter. Our model has extensively examined in complexity and chaotic behavior using different analytical methods such as fractal dimension, bifurcation and largest Lyapunov exponent, and it was compared with conventional passive models and the stride signal of healthy subjects and Parkinson patients.     

Drag force of moving quark in STU background

In this paper we consider a quark moving in D=5, supergravity thermal plasma. By using the three charges non-extremal black hole solution (STU solution) we calculate the drag force on the quark and the diffusion constant from the AdS/CFT correspondence.     

The Analytical Solution of Charged Black Hole and Calculation of Quantities (<Emphasis Type="Italic">T</Emphasis>,<Emphasis Type="Italic">s</Emphasis>,<Emphasis Type="Italic">f</Emphasis>)

One of the most remarkable features of black hole is the connection between properties of the classical solutions and thermodynamics. We include the electric and magnetic charges and this lead us to resolve Einstein equations. We obtain thermodynamic properties, such as temperature, entropy density and speed of sound with analytical solution. In that case we characterize equation of state in to V(φ) language.     

Volumetric and viscosity studies of interactions between sodium phosphate salts and poly(propylene glycol) 400 in aqueous solutions at different temperatures

Density and sound velocity at the 288.15–313.15 K and viscosity at the 298.15–313.15 K temperature range at 5 K intervals for polypropylene glycol (PPG) in aqueous solutions of sodium di-hydrogen phosphate, di-sodium hydrogen phosphate and tri-sodium phosphate with salt mass fractions 0.00, 0.010 and 0.020 are reported at atmospheric pressure. From the experimental density and sound velocity data, the apparent specific volume, excess specific volume, isentropic compressibility and isentropic compressibility deviation values have been determined. The infinite dilution apparent specific volume and isentropic compressibility values of PPG have been obtained and from which the infinite dilution apparent specific volumes of transfer of PPG from water to aqueous sodium phosphate solutions have been obtained for the investigated salt concentrations and temperatures. The excess specific volume, isentropic compressibility and viscosity deviation are negative and decrease in magnitude as temperature, concentration of sodium phosphate and charge on the anion of electrolyte increases.     

Thermodynamic properties of surfactant sodium n-heptyl sulfonate in water and in aqueous solutions of poly(ethylene glycol) at different temperatures

The volumetric, compressibility and electrical conductivity properties of sodium n-heptyl sulfonate (C₇SO₃Na) in pure water and in aqueous poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) solutions were determined at different temperatures below and above the micellar composition range. At each temperature, the infinite dilution apparent molar volumes of the monomer and micellar state of C₇SO₃Na in aqueous PEG solutions respectively are smaller and larger than those in pure water. However, the values of the infinite dilution apparent molar isentropic compressibility of both monomer and micellar states of C₇SO₃Na in aqueous PEG solutions are larger than those in pure water. Thermodynamic parameters of micellization of investigated surfactant in water and in aqueous solutions of PEG at different temperatures were estimated and it was found that the micelle formation process is endothermic and therefore, this process must be driven by entropy increase. The calculated Gibbs free energies of micellization for aqueous PEG solutions are more negative than those for pure water and become more negative by increasing temperature. The variation of the critical micelle concentration (CMC) of C₇SO₃Na in water and in aqueous PEG solutions with temperature was obtained and a comparison between the CMC of C₇SO₃Na obtained from different thermodynamic properties was also made.     

Computation of cascade flutter by uncoupled and coupled methods

A computational method for flutter prediction of turbomachinery cascades is presented. The flow through multiple blade passages is calculated using a time-domain approach with coupled aerodynamic and structural models. The unsteady Euler/Navier-Stokes equations are solved in quasi-three-dimensions using a second-order implicit scheme with dual time-stepping and a multigrid method. A structural model for the blades with bending and torsion degrees of freedom is integrated in time together with the flow field. Information between structural and aerodynamic models is exchanged until convergence in each real-time step. Computational results for a cascade are presented and compared with those obtained by the conventional energy method and with experimental and numerical data by other authors. Significant differences are found between the coupled and uncoupled methods at low mass ratios. A transonic test case with strong nonlinear phenomena is investigated with the fluid-structure coupled method. Results for inviscid flow are compared with results of Navier-Stokes computations.