Doped coupled frustrated spin-1/2 chains with four-spin exchange

The role of various magnetic interchain couplings is investigated by numerical methods in doped frustrated quantum spin chains. A nonmagnetic dopant introduced in a gapped spin chain releases a free spin-1/2 soliton. The formation of a local magnetic moment is analyzed in terms of soliton confinement. A four-spin coupling which might originate from cyclic exchange is shown to produce such a confinement. Dopants on different chains experience an effective space-extended nonfrustrating pairwise spin interaction.     

Giant stress fluctuations at the jamming transition

We study the stress response to a steady imposed shear rate in a concentrated suspension of colloidal particles. We show that, in a small range of concentrations and shear rates, stress exhibits giant fluctuations. The amplitude of these fluctuations obeys a power-law behavior, up to the apparition of a new branch of flow, leading to an excess of high amplitude fluctuations which exhibit a well-defined periodicity.     

On the electronic structures of the 1,3-diboracyclobutane-1,3-diyls and their valence isomers with a B2E2 skeleton (E=N,P, As)

The concept of through-space versus through-bond interactions on the stabilization of biradical structures with a singlet or triplet ground state is evaluated for the 1,3-diboracyclobutane-1,3-diyls and related congeners. Singlet biradicals are favored when the intermediate units E feature singlet character (PH(2) (+), AsH(2) (+)), while E fragments with triplet character (NH(2) (+)) induce small energy separations between the lowest singlet and triplet states. These considerations are supported by quantum chemical calculations with energy optimization at 1) MCSCF level plus MR-MP2 correction, 2) MR-MP2 level, and 3) two different types of density functional levels for the planar (D(2h)) geometries. The singlet-triplet energy separations in the planar compounds increase with increasing singlet stability of the corresponding E fragments. In addition to this newly developed principal features for singlet stabilization, which primarily occurs in bonded structures with higher main-group elements, the corresponding valence isomers with bicyclobutane, cyclobutene and cis-butadiene structures are investigated.     

Biotin grafting on boron-doped diamond

Grafting of biotin on top of a polycrystalline boron-doped diamond layer was achieved by surface oxidation followed by an esterification reaction and revealed by fluorescently labelled streptavidin.     

Copper-free, recoverable dendritic Pd catalysts for the Sonogashira reaction

Three generations of bidentate phosphinated Pd(II) dendrimers are efficient catalysts in the absence of copper co-catalyst for the Sonogashira reaction and are, with two cyclohexyl substituents on the phosphorus atoms, recovered by precipitation and re-used.     

Synthese de macrolides par methathese.

Two syntheses of macrolides $\text{via}$ olefin methathesis are presented. The first (A) involves preparation of ω-hydroxyacid $\text{6}$ or $\text{9}$ by metathesis followed by cyclisation, while the second (B) involves macrocyclic ring closure by metathesis of a ω,ω′diunsaturated ester $\text{12}$.     

The Poincare-Dulac theorem for nonlinear representations of nilpotent lie algebras

The aim of this Letter is to show that the Poincare-Dulac theorem for holomorphic finite-dimensional representation, is valid for any nilpotent Lie algebrag. We reduce the classification problem of representations with a semisimple linear part satisfying the Poincaré condition to an algebraic problem. We develop a complete computation in a particular case.