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91.
InAs/GaSb/AlSb resonant tunneling spin device concepts 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
David Z. -Y. Ting Xavier Cartoix 《Physica E: Low-dimensional Systems and Nanostructures》2004,20(3-4):350
We discuss device concepts for creating spin-polarized current sources without external magnetic fields, using non-magnetic 6.1 Å semiconductor resonant tunneling structures. Spin filters, spin pumps, and spin transistors that exploit structural and bulk inversion asymmetries will be examined. 相似文献
92.
Functionalised hydroxylamine derivatives of (S)-prolinol prepared by a Cope elimination have been found to undergo oxidation to the nitrone either in the presence of air or a catalytic quantity of TPAP. These undergo intramolecular cycloaddition to give tricyclic isoxazolidines with high diastereoselectivity. 相似文献
93.
Yi Liu David D. Díaz Adrian A. Accurso K. Barry Sharpless Valery V. Fokin M. G. Finn 《Journal of polymer science. Part A, Polymer chemistry》2007,45(22):5182-5189
1,2,3‐Triazole‐based polymers generated from the Cu(I)‐catalyzed cycloaddition between multivalent azides and acetylenes are effective adhesive materials for metal surfaces. The adhesive capacities of candidate mixtures of azide and alkyne components were measured by a modified peel test, using a customized adhesive tester. A particularly effective tetravalent alkyne and trivalent azide combination was identified, giving exceptional strength that matches or exceeds the best commercial formulations. The addition of Cu catalyst was found to be important for the synthesis of stronger adhesive polymers when cured at room temperature. Heating also accelerated curing rates, but the maximum adhesive strengths achieved at both room temperature and high temperature were the same, suggesting that crosslinking reaches the same advanced point in all cases. Polytriazoles also form adhesives to aluminum, but copper is bound more effectively, presumably because active Cu(I) ions may be leached from the surface to promote crosslinking and adhesion. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 45: 5182–5189, 2007 相似文献
94.
We present a 3-D thermal analysis of a poly(methyl
acrylate) optical fiber to select a method to prevent thermal degradation
(TD) of the fiber. Such poly(methyl acrylate)-core optical fibers have been
realized in many solar lighting applications. We give the radial and axial
temperature distributions on the entrance region of the optical fiber for
two solar collector designs and five different preventive methods. The simulation
results showed that attachment of a fused quartz rod to the fiber entrance
region was an efficient low-cost way to protect the optical fiber. A temperature
was predicted for the deformed fiber entrance region of the experimental results
from the simulations. 相似文献
95.
The thermal decomposition of formaldehyde was investigated behind shock waves at temperatures between 1675 and 2080 K. Quantitative concentration time profiles of formaldehyde and formyl radicals were measured by means of sensitive 174 nm VUV absorption (CH2O) and 614 nm FM spectroscopy (HCO), respectively. The rate constant of the radical forming channel (1a), CH2O + M → HCO + H + M, of the unimolecular decomposition of formaldehyde in argon was measured at temperatures from 1675 to 2080 K at an average total pressure of 1.2 bar, k1a = 5.0 × 1015 exp(‐308 kJ mol?1/RT) cm3 mol?1 s?1. The pressure dependence, the rate of the competing molecular channel (1b), CH2O + M → H2 + CO + M, and the branching fraction β = k1a/(kA1a + k1b) was characterized by a two‐channel RRKM/master equation analysis. With channel (1b) being the main channel at low pressures, the branching fraction was found to switch from channel (1b) to channel (1a) at moderate pressures of 1–50 bar. Taking advantage of the results of two preceding publications, a decomposition mechanism with six reactions is recommended, which was validated by measured formyl radical profiles and numerous literature experimental observations. The mechanism is capable of a reliable prediction of almost all formaldehyde pyrolysis literature data, including CH2O, CO, and H atom measurements at temperatures of 1200–3200 K, with mixtures of 7 ppm to 5% formaldehyde, and pressures up to 15 bar. Some evidence was found for a self‐reaction of two CH2O molecules. At high initial CH2O mole fractions the reverse of reaction (6), CH2OH + HCO ? CH2O + CH2O becomes noticeable. The rate of the forward reaction was roughly measured to be k6 = 1.5 × 1013 cm3 mol?1 s?1. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Chem Kinet 36: 157–169 2004 相似文献
96.
Jacob S. Ishay Anna Sverdlov Vitaly Pertsis Yulla Gavrilov David Steinberg 《Photochemistry and photobiology》2004,80(1):115-118
In the cuticle of live social hornets, such as Vespa orientalis (Hymenoptera, Vespinae), endogenous electric effects are encountered, i.e. voltages of 100–200 mV under illumination and currents amounting to several microamperes on its subjection to darkness—clearly a process of charging and discharging. Of the various wavelengths of sunlight, UV was found to be the most contributory to the active cuticular voltage generation. Throughout the warm season of the yearthe–the active period in colonies of social hornets and wasps—colony members exit from the dark nest during the daytime and fly to the field under the hot sun for various foraging purposes, ultimately returning to the nest. Thus, each hornet, be it queen, worker or drone, probably undergoes daily cyclical process of electric charge and discharge in the exterior part of their integument, cuticle, which lasts up to 30–40 min. Such photoelectric phenomenon was detected in both live, ether‐anaesthetized hornets and dead hornets, albeit in the latter the electric values recorded were lower. The present study addresses the possible impact of the phenomenon on vespan daily life and also compares it with a parallel occurrence in electric fish. 相似文献
97.
Alex M. Green David G. Gevaux Christine Roberts Chris C. Phillips 《Physica E: Low-dimensional Systems and Nanostructures》2004,20(3-4):531
In this paper we outline the use of resonant-cavity enhancement for increasing the exterior coupling efficiency of photodetectors and light-emitting diodes (LEDs) in the mid-infrared (MIR) spectral region. This method is potentially very important in the MIR because encapsulation is not presently feasible due to the lack of suitable materials. Among other potential applications, resonant-cavity-enhanced (RCE) photodetectors and LEDs could be particularly suitable for greenhouse gas detection because of their ‘pre-tunable’ spectrally narrowed resonantly enhanced peaks. We also present the optical characterization of an InAs RCE photodetector aimed at the detection of methane gas (λ≈3.3 μm), and an InAs/InAs0.91Sb0.09 resonant-cavity LED (RCLED) aimed at carbon dioxide gas (λ≈4.2 μm). The high peak responsivity of the RCE photodetector was 34.7 A/W at λ=3.14 μm, and the RCLED peaked at λ=3.96 μm. These are among the longest operating wavelengths for III–V RCE photodetectors and RCLEDs reported in the literature. 相似文献
98.
David W. Jeffery 《Tetrahedron letters》2004,45(47):8667-8671
A tandem conjugate addition/cyclisation approach, that allows the synthesis of chiral highly substituted cyclohexanones and cyclohexenones, which is applicable to natural product syntheses has been developed. 相似文献
99.
The syntenic distance between two species is the minimum number of fusions, fissions, and translocations required to transform one genome into the other. The linear syntenic distance, a restricted form of this model, has been shown to be close to the syntenic distance. Both models are computationally difficult to compute and have resisted efficient approximation algorithms with non-trivial performance guarantees. In this paper, we prove that many useful properties of syntenic distance carry over to linear syntenic distance. We also give a reduction from the general linear synteny problem to the question of whether a given instance can be solved using the maximum possible number of translocations. Our main contribution is an algorithm exactly computing linear syntenic distance in nested instances of the problem. This is the first polynomial time algorithm exactly solving linear synteny for a non-trivial class of instances. It is based on a novel connection between the syntenic distance and a scheduling problem that has been studied in the operations research literature. 相似文献
100.
Jun Jiao Lifeng Dong Sean Foxley Catherine L Mosher David W Tuggle 《Microscopy and microanalysis》2003,9(6):516-521
In this article, we report a technique for growing carbon nanotubes in a more controllable fashion, which enables us to synthesize nanotubes directly in various forms of designed patterns. This nanofabrication process is based on a combination of focused ion beam (FIB) and chemical vapor deposition (CVD) techniques. In this process, arrays of conductive patterns were first deposited on silicon substrates by directing a gaseous compound (C(9)H(16)Pt) via the capillary needle-sized nozzles within a FIB system. The substrates were then coated with catalyst and further modified by the FIB to localize the position of the catalyst. Finally, the growth of carbon nanotubes on the designed substrates was carried out by CVD of hydrocarbon gases. This fabrication technique has the advantage of positioning carbon nanotubes in selected locations. This may open up opportunities for the direct synthesis of carbon nanotubes onto almost any substrate material, thus allowing fabrication of carbon nanotube-based devices. 相似文献