Generation of Glycosyl Radicals from Glycosyl Sulfoxides and Its Use in the Synthesis of C‐linked Glycoconjugates

We here report glycosyl sulfoxides appended with an aryl iodide moiety as readily available, air and moisture stable precursors to glycosyl radicals. These glycosyl sulfoxides could be converted to glycosyl radicals by way of a rapid and efficient intramolecular radical substitution event. The use of this type of precursors enabled the synthesis of various complex C‐linked glycoconjugates under mild conditions. This reaction could be performed in aqueous media and is amenable to the synthesis of glycopeptidomimetics and carbohydrate‐DNA conjugates.     

Monolayer 1T and 1T′ MoSO as Promising Electrocatalyst for Hydrogen Evolution based on First Principle Calculations

Molybdenum disulfide (MoS₂) has been regarded as one of the most promising candidates for replacing Pt group noble metals as an efficient electrocatalyst to enhance the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) in consideration of its relatively high earth abundance. Recent studies show that the catalytic efficiency of MoS₂ for HER can be promoted by the presence of 1T-phase MoS₂. It is hard to precisely control the formation of 1T-MoS₂, however, due to its metastability relative to 2H-MoS₂. Elevating the stability of 1T phase allotrope is therefore of great importance and could be realized by replacing divalent S with monovalent elements or groups according to crystal field theory, which has been demonstrated through our first-principles density functional theory (DFT) calculation results. Differential Gibbs free energy analysis for hydrogen adsorption (ΔG_H*) suggest that 1T and 1T′ MoSO (O doped MoS₂) might be taken as potential candidate catalysts for HER process with better performance than 1T and 1T′ MoS₂. We also propose a probable approach to synthesize 1T and 1T′ MoSO under oxidation circumstance environment of graphene oxide.     

对称季铵碱的烷基链长度对草酸电还原反应的影响

研究了四种不同烷基链长度的对称季铵碱对草酸电还原制备乙醛酸反应的影响。线性扫描测试考察了添加剂对铅电极上阴极反应的影响,结果表明对称季铵碱在电极表面的吸附对析氢反应的抑制程度大于其对草酸电还原反应的抑制程度,且随着对称季铵碱中烷基链长度的增加,添加剂抑制析氢反应效果更明显。计时安培法的结果证明添加剂可影响草酸向电极表面的扩散,随着对称季铵碱中烷基链长度的增加,草酸的扩散系数呈现出先增加后减小的趋势。恒流电解实验结果表明,添加剂能有效提高草酸电还原反应的电流效率,且提高效果随对称季铵碱所含烷基链长度的增加而增强。因此,添加剂的吸附对阴极表面析氢反应的抑制作用是草酸电还原反应电流效率提高的主要原因。本研究表明,四丁基氢氧化铵为添加剂时,草酸还原为乙醛酸的电流效率最高。     

Quantum many-body culling: production of a definite number of ground-state atoms in a bose-einstein condensate

We propose a method to produce a definite number of ground-state atoms by adiabatic reduction of the depth of a potential well that confines a degenerate Bose gas with repulsive interactions. Using a variety of methods, we map out the maximum number of particles that can be supported by the well as a function of the well depth and interaction strength, covering the limiting case of a Tonks gas as well as the mean-field regime. We also estimate the time scales for adiabaticity and discuss the recent observation of atomic number squeezing [Chuu, Phys. Rev. Lett. 95, 260403 (2005)10.1103/PhysRevLett.95.260403].     

Triplet pairing states with equal spins in ferromagnet/superconductor heterojunctions for noncollinear magnetizations

Four-component Bogoliubov-de Gennes equations are applied to study tunneling conductance spectra of ferromagnet/ferromagnet/d-wave superconductor (F₁/F₂/d-wave S) tunnel junctions and to find out signs of spin-triplet pairing correlations induced in the proximity structure. The pairing correlations with equal spins arises from the novel Andreev reflection (AR), which requires at least three factors: the usual AR at the F₂/S interface, spin flip in the F₂ layer, and superconducting coherence kept up in the F₂ layer. Effects of angle α between magnetizations of the two F layers, polarizations of the F₁ and F₂ layers, the thickness of the F₂ layer, and the orientation of the d-wave S crystal on the tunneling conductance are investigated. A conversion from a zero-bias conductance dip at α = 0 to a zero-bias conductance peak at a certain value of α can be seen as a sign of generated spin-triplet correlations.     

A New Sesquiterpene from the Roots of Chloranthus multistachys

Chemistry of Natural Compounds - A new sesquiterpene, 1β-hydroxy-4(5),7(8),11(12)-triene-6,9-dione-7,8-furanoeudesmane (1), was isolated from the root extract of Chloranthus multistachys C....     

Zwitterionic comb-like lipid polymers encapsulating linalool for increasing the fragrance retention time

Fragrances are widely used in cosmetics,apparel and detergents.However,the rapid evaporation of the aro ma shortens the useful life of the aromatic product.Therefore,improving the fragrance retention time of aromatic products and prolonging the service life of aromatic products are the key scientific problems that need to be solved in current aromatic products.In this study,zwitterionic comb-like lipid polymers were synthesized to encapsulate the fragrance molecule linalool.The results showed that the zwitterionic comb lipid molecules were capable of encapsulating more linalool than linear lipid molecules.At the same time,the zwitterionic comb-like lipid molecules also limited the slow release rate of the aroma,thereby increasing the fragrance retention time of the nano-fragrance.     

Cationic and temperature-sensitive liposomes loaded with eugenol for the application to silk

Silk has been widely used in the clothing industry due to their soft and smooth features, good biocompatibility, good heat dissipation, warmth and ultraviolet resistance. The application of fragrance to silk can significantly improve the performance of silk. However, there are two key scientific problems that need to be solved: slowing down the release rate of fragrances and increasing the scent lasting time of silk. In this study, cationic and temperature-sensitive liposomes were designed and prepared to encapsulate eugenol. These fragrance-loaded liposomes significantly slowed down the release rate of the fragrance and controlled the release rate of the fragrance in a thermo-sensitive manner. The liposomes adhered to the silk through electrostatic adsorption interaction. The positive charge on the fragrance-loaded liposomes neutralized much negative charge on silk and thereby increasing the adhesion efficiency.     

避雷器电阻片测试系统设计

采用工业PC机与可编程控制器、示波器、直流仪等设备设计了避雷器电阻片测试系统,阐述了本系统的控制流程及逻辑关系,用图形化编程语言编写了上位机软件,完成了避雷器电阻片在 U_1mA及0.75U_1mA下的漏电流等参数的测试,并对电阻片测试过程中的电压峰值、电流峰值进行采集存储,还存储了电阻片在整个测试过程中的能量,方便以后对测试过程中损坏的阀片进行能量、电流峰值、电压峰值方面的分析,对系统进行了初步的试验,结果表明该系统运行效果良好,实现了避雷器电阻片出厂前的测试,提高了测试效率。     

Construction of a Live‐Attenuated HIV‐1 Vaccine through Genetic Code Expansion

A safe and effective vaccine against human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV‐1) is urgently needed to combat the worldwide AIDS pandemic, but still remains elusive. The fact that uncontrolled replication of an attenuated vaccine can lead to regaining of its virulence creates safety concerns precluding many vaccines from clinical application. We introduce a novel approach to control HIV‐1 replication, which entails the manipulation of essential HIV‐1 protein biosynthesis through unnatural amino acid (UAA*)‐mediated suppression of genome‐encoded blank codon. We successfully demonstrate that HIV‐1 replication can be precisely turned on and off in vitro.