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41.
Thin films of hydrogenated amorphous silicon (a-Si:H) were annealed using CO2 laser radiation (λ=10.6 μm). Changes of optical properties of the treated a-Si:H were investigated using optical transmittance spectroscopy and the angular distribution of intensity of reflected radiation (ADIRR). The CO2 laser annealing influences the spectral characteristics of the real part of refractive index n and absorption coefficient α of light in a-Si:H. This treatment increases the n and α values as well as the Urbach energy of a-Si:H. Simultaneously it decreases the optical energy gap of this material. The changes of optical parameters at the interfaces of a-Si:H–glass substrate and a-Si:H–air were established. 相似文献
42.
Abstract— Quantum yield and fluorescence polarization determinations on phycobilisomes and their constituent phycobiliproteins show that phycobilisomes are energetically effective macromolecular structures. Energy migration within the phycobilisome to allophycocyanin, the longest wavelength absorbing and emitting phycobiliprotein, was indicated by the predominant allophycocyanin fluorescence emission which was independent of the phycobiliprotein being excited. The high efficiency of the energy migration inside the phycobilisome was reflected by the low polarized fluorescence. Excitation of phycobilisomes in the region of major absorption (500–650 nm) resulted in degrees of fluorescence polarization between +0.02 and –0.02, whereas in isolated phycobiliproteins the values were 2 to 12 times greater. Furthermore, 94–98° of the excitation energy of phycoerythrin was transferred to phycocyanin and allophycocyanin as determined from comparisons of fluorescence spectra of intact and dissociated phycobilisomes. The fluorescence quantum yields of phycobilisomes were about 0.60–0.68, very similar to that of pure allophycocyanin in solution (0.68). Phycobilisomes isolated from Fremyella diplosiphon and Nostoc sp. (blue-gree algae) have respective quantum yields of 0.68 and 0. 65, and those isolated from Porphyridium cruentum (red alga), about 0.60. In Fremyella diplosiphon and Nostoc sp., which showed a striking adaptation to different wavelengths, the phycobilisome quantum yields only varied from 0.68 to 0.67 and from 0.65 to 0. 60, respectively. The mean transfer time, calculated on the basis of experimental results, was about 280 ± 40 ps for transfer of excitation from the phycoerythrin to the phycocyanin layer in phycobilisomes. This time corresponds to the mean number of jumps, about 28, of the excitation in the phycoerythrin layer before it is captured by phycocyanin. These values are in reasonable agreement with the values of 250 ± 30 ps and 25 jumps, calculated on the basis of a phycobilisome model (of Porphyridium cruentum) and Pearlstein's theory of energy migration devised for a three-dimensional photosynthetic unit. It was also shown that Paillotin's theory of energy migration predicts similar values for mean transfer time and mean number of jumps, if one assumes that phycocyanin is a perfect sink for phycoerythrin excitation. 相似文献
43.
44.
The theory of the transverse static magnetoconductivity (σxx) in a two-dimensional system under the simultaneous influence of electron-phonon and electron-impurity interactions is presented. The memory function technique is employed to obtain explicit expression for σxx under conditions appropriate for typical Shubnikov-deHaas measurements. It is shown that σxx involves two different effective masses and scattering times, of which one is the scattering time in the absence of the magnetic field. In addition, the Landau level width appears in σxx, thus providing an experimental means for extracting the same from a study of the background conductivity. 相似文献
45.
D. Grabowski R. Drozdowski J. Kwela J. Heldt 《Zeitschrift für Physik D Atoms, Molecules and Clusters》1996,38(4):289-293
The hfs and hfs Zeeman splitting of nine lines from the array 6p7p→6p7s as well as lines λ = 496.9 nm (6p8p 3D2→6p7s 3P2) and λ=581.8 nm (6p8s 3P0→6p7p 3D1) of Bi II have been analysed. The Zeeman effect studies were performed for transverse direction of observation and separated π; and σ components of lines. The electrodeless discharge tube containing metallic Bi was used as the light source. The spectral apparatus consisted of a sliver-coated Fabry-Perot etalon and a grating spectrograph combined with a diode array detector. In the analysis of the spectra we used the computer simulation technique. The magnetic-dipole (A) and the electric-quadruple (B) hfs constants as well as Lande-gj factors for the level 6p8p 3D2 and all levels of configurations 6p7s and 6p7p (with the exception of 6p7p 3S1) were determined. Our results are compared with recent theory and other experiments. 相似文献
46.
R. Broda P. J. Daly Z. W. Grabowski H. Helppi M. Kortelahti J. McNeill R. V. F. Janssens R. D. Lawson D. C. Radford J. Blomqvist 《Zeitschrift für Physik A Hadrons and Nuclei》1985,321(2):287-295
The level structure of theN=81 nucleus147Dy has been studied byγ-ray spectroscopy following reactions of 230–250 MeV58,60Ni beams on89Y and90,92Zr targets. Yrast and near-yrast levels in147Dy above the known 59-s 11/2? state are established up to ~3.7 MeV; they include isomeric levels at 2,681, 3,407 and 3,650 keV. Guided by the results of shell model calculations, we interpret most of the observed level as senioritythree states arising from the coupling ofs 1/2,d 3/2, andh 11/2 neutron holes withπh 11/2 2. 相似文献
47.
W. Grabowski 《Optics & Laser Technology》1983,15(4):199-205
positions and diameters of aerosol particles are measured using Gabor's holographic system. The influence on image quality of the homogeneity of the holographic material, resolution, hologram processing method and optical reconstructing system are considered. The best experimental procedure is suggested. 相似文献
48.
X-ray crystal and molecular structures of the following compounds are investigated: diphenyl 1-(3-phenylthioureido)propylphosphonate (I), diphenyl 1-(3-phenylthioureido)methylthio-propylphosphonate (II), and diphenyl [2-methyl-1-(3-methylthioureido)propyl]phosphonate (III). Additionally single point density functional theory calculations at the B3LYP/6-311+G(d) level of theory are performed on dimers whose geometries are taken from the crystal structures. The additional diffuse and polarization components are included on H-atoms which participate in H-bonds. The obtained wave functions are applied later to study theoretical electron densities for these species. Bond critical points are determined for dimers investigated to characterize the nature of interactions, especially bifurcated acceptor hydrogen bonds. The characteristics of bond critical points are investigated in terms of the electron densities and their Laplacians. 相似文献
49.
S. Dähne W. Freyer K. Teuchner J. Dobkowski Z.R. Grabowski 《Journal of luminescence》1980,22(1):37-49
p-Dimethylaminobenzaldehyde (DMABA, I) and its N-to-N trimethylene-bridged double molecule (III) exhibit dual or multiple fluorescences. Several mechanisms were proved to be responsible for the long-wave fluorescence bands: intramolecular solvent-assisted relaxation in the excited state (I and III); ground state aggregation at low temperatures (I in nonpolar solvents); excimer formation (III; and I only at high concentrations in some solvents). Intramolecular interaction in the ground state of III prepares an excimer-like structure. The dimer of DMBA aside of its own emission, may relax and emit an excimer-like fluorescence. 相似文献
50.
Marian Grabowski 《Letters in Mathematical Physics》1984,8(6):455-458
A new proof of the indeterminacy relation of the standard energy deviation and lifetime of a pure quantum state is given by means of the Mandelstam-Tamm inequality. 相似文献