预富集单波长激发能量色散X射线荧光光谱法现场测定地表水中10种重金属

为实现现场快速定量分析地表水中的多种重金属元素,建立了一种树脂预富集-单波长激发能量色散X射线荧光光谱法现场准确快速测定地表水中Cr(Ⅵ)、Mn、Fe、Co、Ni、Cu、Zn、As、Cd、Pb 10种元素的分析方法。对该方法其中的树脂预富集条件进行了优化,结果表明最佳预富集条件为：树脂粒度38μm-75μm;水样体积30mL;水样流速6mL/min;预富集完成后即刻测量;样品pH值为5。在方法学方面考察了该方法的检出限、精密度、正确度,其中Cr(Ⅵ)、Cu、Zn、As、Cd、Pb 元素的检出限低于地表水环境质量标准GB 3838-2002的限值要求;精密度中相对标准偏差范围为2.13%~10.4%;加标回收率为90.0%~114%之间。采用该方法测定实际地表水样品,并与ICP-MS法进行比对,其测定结果基本一致。研究表明该方法检出限可以满足地表水中Cr(Ⅵ)、Mn、Fe、Co、Ni、Cu、Zn、As、Cd、Pb 的检测要求,精密度和准确性较好。该研究对地表水中无机元素分析方法的拓展进行了有益尝试和积累,并为后续相关标准制订提供有益参考。     

巢式十一顶铂硼烷簇合物的合成与晶体结构

[PtCl₂(PPh₃)₂]与B₁₀H₁₀^2－在异丙醇中回流反应, 得到3个巢式十一顶铂十硼烷簇合物: [(PPh₃)₂PtB₁₀H₁₁-9-O-i-Pr] (1), [(PPh₃)₂PtB₁₀H₁₀-8,10-(O-i-Pr)₂] (2)和[(PPh₃)₂PtB₁₀H₁₁-8-O-i-Pr] (3). 簇合物1～3都具有PtB₁₀多面体骨架结构, 其中Pt原子位于敞开的PtB₄面上, 且与4个B原子成键, 每个Pt原子还与2个PPh₃基团中的P原子成键. 将溶剂热合成的方法引入到硼簇合物的合成中并进行同一反应, 得到2个B₁₀H₁₀^2－降解的巢式十一顶双铂九硼烷簇合物: [(PPh₃)₂(μ-PPh₂)Pt₂B₉H₆-3,9,11-(O-i-Pr)₃] (4)和[(PPh₃)₂(μ-PPh₂)Pt₂B₉H₆-3,9-(O-i-Pr)₂-11-Cl] (5). 簇合物4和5都具有Pt₂B₉多面体骨架结构, 2个Pt原子位于敞开的Pt₂B₃面上的相邻位置, 且由一个PPh₂基团桥连, 每个Pt原子还与3个B原子和一个PPh₃基团中的P原子成键. 通过红外光谱、元素分析、X射线单晶衍射对5个簇合物进行了结构表征.     

一种合成高水热稳定性微孔-介孔复合分子筛β沸石/MCM-41的新方法

首次以β沸石作为硅铝源制备了β沸石/MCM-41微孔-介孔复合分子筛材料，通过XRD、IR、N₂吸附脱附、SEM和水热处理等手段对复合材料进行了表征，并与MCM-41和β沸石及二者的机械混合物的有关性能进行了对比研究。结果表明，复合分子筛明显不同于机械混合物，其水热稳定性远远高于普通方法合成的介孔分子筛，而且发现通过改变体系的n_Na/n_Si比，可以调变复合样品中的微孔、介孔相的相对含量。     

Synthesis and Crystal Structure of {(PPh3)2ClRu(μ-Cl)-Ru(PPh3)B10H7[OCH(CH3)2]3}·0.4(H2O)

The title compound has been synthesized by the reaction of [RuCl2(PPh3)3] and closo-[B10H10]2- in (CH3)2CHOH solution. Crystals suitable for a single crystal X-ray diffraction analysis were obtained from n-pentane diffused to CH2Cl2 solution. The crystal {(PPh3)2ClRu(μ-Cl)Ru(PPh3)B10H7[OCH(CH3)2]3}·0.4(H2O) is monoclinic , space group P21/n , Mr=1359.47, with a=19.434(4), b =14.340(4), c=25.865(9)(A), β= 95.48(3)°, V=7175(4)(A)3, Dc=1.258 g/cm3, Z=4, λ(MoKα)=0.71073(A),μ=6.03 cm-1, F(000)=2784, R=0.0631, wR2= 0.1425, S=1.001. The title compound is a bimetallic species in which the second ruthenium center is bound to the cluster {(PPh3)RuB10H7[OCH(CH3)2]3} via an Ru-Cl-Ru and two Ru-H-B-Ru bridges. The third isoproxy group replaces a hydrogen atom on B(10) of the cage, which indicates the activity of the cage.     

复合Ag/ZnO分级结构微球的制备及其光催化性能研究

采用化学沉淀法制备ZnO微球,利用柠檬酸三钠（TCD）避光还原硝酸银在ZnO表面沉积银粒子制备Ag/ZnO复合材料.利用XRD、SEM、TEM、EDS、FTIR、UV-vis DRS、PL、BET等对Ag/ZnO的结构、组分、形貌及光谱性质进行了表征,通过紫外及可见光照降解甲基橙溶液评价样品的光催化性能.结果表明：ZnO纳米微球是由ZnO纳米片相互交错构筑而成的具有丰富孔道的分级结构,Ag纳米粒子均匀沉积在ZnO纳米片上.Ag的沉积显著增加了ZnO的可见光吸收,猝灭了ZnO荧光,提高了ZnO催化活性.     

Synthesis and Structural Characterization of a Polyoxomolybdate HNa7[Mo36O112(H2O)16]·47H2O

A new polyoxomolybdate complex HNa7[Mo36O112(H2O)16]·47H2O 1 has been prepared in the beaker solution and characterized by single-crystal X-ray diffraction and elemental analyses. Crystal data: H127Mo36Na7O175, Mr = 6542.79, monoclinic, C2/c, a = 40.891(6), b =17.900(3), c = 25.580(4) (A), β = 125.673(2)°, V = 15210(4)(A)3, Z = 4, Dc = 2.857 g/cm3, F(000) =12464, μ = 3.013 mm-1, R = 0.0633 and wR = 0.1654 (I＞ 2σ(Ⅰ)). With the bridging sodium cations,the [Mo36O112(H2O)16]8- units in compound 1 are linked to form a one-dimensional structure, on the basis of which a three-dimensional architecture is further constructed via other sodium cations and complicated hydrogen bonds.     

Synthesis and Structure of One Novel Polyoxometalate Compound Connected via Cerium(Ⅲ) Cation with Three-dimensional Framework H2{[K(H2O)2]2[Ce(H2O)5]2(H2Mo1.16W10.84O42)}·8H2O

One novel polyoxometalate compound connected via trivalent cerium cation as bridge H2{[K(H2O)2]2[Ce(H2O)5]2(H2Mo1.16W10.84O42)}·8H2O 1 was designed and synthesized in aqueous solution. X-ray diffraction analysis reveals that the structure of 1 is a three-dimensional framework assembled from the arrangement of H2Mo1.16W10.84O42 (named paradodecmetalate-B) and Ce(H2O)53 containing two planes, which are constructed through the unification of H2Mo1.16W10.84O4210- and Ce(H2O)53 along the [100] and [001] directions. Crystal data: H96Ce4K4Mo2.32O128W21.68, Mr = 7074.89, monoclinic, P21/n, a = 12.5037(17), b = 17.002(2), c = 12.7473(17) (A), β = 105.966(2)°, V = 2605.4(6) (A)3, Z = 1, Dc = 4.509 g/cm3, F(000) = 3132, μ = 26.098 mm(1, R = 0.0377 and wR = 0.0789 (I ＞ 2σ(I)).     

以葡萄糖结构教学为例,培养本科生科学思维能力

葡萄糖的结构中含有羟基和醛基,两者的连接次序、位置、方式和空间关系等对其结构、物理与化学性质都产生重要的影响。本文以此教学单元为例,在回顾醛、醇知识的基础上,引导学生深入分析葡萄糖结构中这些官能团间的相互作用与影响。在帮助他们实现知识融会贯通的同时,逐步培养本科生的科学思维能力。     

Polymorphic Behavior of Syndiotactic Polypropylene Induced by Heat Treatment

The polymorphic behavior of syndiotactic polypropylene (s-PP) crystallized from the melt under different conditions was investigated by means of WAXD and DSC. The isothermal melt crystallization of s-PP proceeded in form I at tc≥ 110℃ and in form Ⅱ at tc≤110 ℃ s-PP crystallized nonisothermally from the melt was the mixture of forms and . With increasing the cooling rate (a), the content of form increased, and the content of form decreased. On heating, at 10 K/min, of quenched s-PP, it crystallized in form at t≤70 , continuing heating resulted in form form transition, which was an endothermal process.     

能源与环境系统工程专业工程化学课程的教学改革与实践

工程化学课程是本校非化学化工专业(能源与环境系统工程专业)的一门学科基础课程。该课程的目的是锻炼学生的化学思维能力,通过学习工程应用中的化学理论,提高学生运用化学知识解决实际问题的能力。本文阐述了本校工程化学课程的教学理念和授课情况,对教学内容和方法进行了深入的改革与实践,详细介绍了课程建设、课堂教学、课下反馈与评价、科研相辅、教学工作的反思与总结,进一步阐述了教学环节的教育探索与实践总结,使工程化学课程的教学质量得到了提高。