Modelling the metabolic action of human and rat CYP1A2 and its relationship with the carcinogenicity of heterocyclic amines

Cytochrome P450 (CYP) is a family of enzymes responsible for organism detoxification. However, some of the members of the CYP1A subfamily also catalyse the activation of heterocyclic amines (HAs), present in cooked meat, to carcinogenic compounds which have been shown to increase the risk of breast, colorectal and lung cancer. In humans, CYP1A2 is the enzyme with the most significant action in HA metabolism but in rodents CYP1A1 is also important in this biotransformation. Understanding the metabolic action of these enzymes is essential to predict the factors that enable the formation of the carcinogenic products. We have built two models of CYP1A2, one for the human enzyme and one for the rat homologue. The templates chosen include the only X-ray structure published to date for a mammal CYP, a quimeric C2A5 from rabbit, as well as CYPs belonging to Bacillus megaterium (CYPBm-3), Pseudomonas putida (CYPcam), Pseudomonas sp. (CYPterp), and Saccharopolyspora erythraea (CYPeryf). Two HAs, MeIQ (2-amino-3,4-dimethylimidazo[4,5-?]quinoline) and MeIQx (2-amino-3,8-dimethylimidazo[4,5-?]quinoxaline), known substrates of human and rat CYPIA2, were docked in the active site of the models, providing information regarding the different catalytic rates associated with the metabolisms in both enzymes. This is important for analysing the behaviour of animal models concerning the testing of anticancer drugs.     

Luminescence-Based Optical Fiber Chemical Sensors

Abstract

A scheme for the simultaneous determination of temperature and analyte concentration for application in luminescence-based chemical sensors is proposed. This scheme is applied to an optical oxygen sensor, which is based on the quenching of the fluorescence of a ruthenium complex. Temperature measurement is performed using the excitation radiation and an absorption long-pass filter. Preliminary results are presented that show the viability of an oxygen measurement that is independent of temperature and optical power level. The possibility of self-referenced temperature measurements with semiconductor nanoparticles is also investigated. In order to optimize the sensor design, several different optical fiber probe geometries for oxygen sensing are tested and compared, including different methods of coupling radiation into the optical fiber system. Polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and polyacrylamide membranes are tested as supports for sensor immobilization in fiber-optical pH sensing devices in aqueous solution. Some results are presented that show the feasibility of using fiber-optical pH indicators for remote monitoring.     

浅海舰船噪声声强流的垂直方向性

浅海环境中,确定性声源的多途声信号干涉使得接收点处声强流的方向发生改变,不再与声源位置处的声强流方向一致。只测量声场的标量声强时,无法得到接收点处声强流的垂直方向性,而基于简正波矢量场建模和仿真,可获得理想条件下宽带点声源激发声场声强流的垂直方向性。本文采用单矢量水听器进行海上实验,获得了海洋环境噪声和干扰条件下舰船噪声声强流的垂直方向性。仿真和实验结果表明:远场条件下,浅海干涉现象引起接收点处声强流的方向(极角)随频率和距离变化,其时间-频率分布呈现与LOFAR谱干涉条纹相似的条纹,声强流的极角值主要分布在70?～110?范围内。     

光声喇曼光谱的理论分析

对光声喇曼光谱(PARS)作了系统的理论分析,分别导出固体和液体介质中的光声喇曼光谱的信号表达式,并进行了数值估算。 关键词：     

Equivalent properties of single event burnout induced by different sources

The experimental results of single event burnout induced by heavy ions and 252Cf fission fragments in power MOSFET devices have been investigated. It is concluded that the characteristics of single event burnout induced by 252Cf fission fragments is consistent to that in heavy ions. The power MOSFET in the ＂turn-off＂ state is more susceptible to single event burnout than it is in the ＂turn-on＂ state. The thresholds of the drain-source voltage for single event burnout induced by 173 MeV bromine ions and ^252Cf fission fragments are close to each other, and the burnout cross section is sensitive to variation of the drain-source voltage above the threshold of single event burnout. In addition, the current waveforms of single event burnouts induced by different sources are similar. Different power MOSFET devices may have different probabilities for the occurrence of single event burnout.     

浅海环境中矢量水听器角度谱特性

为探明远场舰船噪声和近场平台噪声声能流相互作用的机制对矢量水听器角度谱特性的影响,基于简正波矢量场理论,构建舰船平台噪声声场模型,获得与海上实验结果相符的声能流角度谱特性,声能流方向均随频率变化。对远场舰船噪声声能流和近场平台噪声声能流相互作用进行仿真,两者声能流强度的此消彼长使角度谱出现4种条纹,与海上实验获得的角度谱特性一致,导致目标方位估计出现误差,且不同频带上的结果不一致。说明两个声能流相互作用时,影响合成能流角度谱特性的主要因素是两者的声压级之差,为浅海中同时存在多个声源时的目标方位估计提供参考。     

Equivalent properties of single event burnout induced by different sources

The experimental results of single event burnout induced by heavy ions and 252Cf fission fragments in power MOSFET devices have been investigated. It is concluded that the characteristics of single event burnout induced by 252Cf fission fragments is consistent to that in heavy ions. The power MOSFET in the "turn-off" state is more susceptible to single event burnout than it is in the "turn-on" state. The thresholds of the drain-source voltage for single event burnout induced by 173 MeV bromine ions and 252Cf fission fragments are close to each other, and the burnout cross section is sensitive to variation of the drain-source voltage above the threshold of single event burnout. In addition, the current waveforms of single event burnouts induced by different sources are similar. Different power MOSFET devices may have different probabilities for the occurrence of single event burnout.     

采用可见光源和分划板快速装调激光光路

 分析了激光测量光路的特点和装校要求,给出了采用可见光源、分划板装校激光光路的原理。以预放测量模块为例,介绍了装校的流程及装校中的注意事项,分析了装校所能达到的精度,并用内调焦望远镜进行了装校精度检查。结果表明,采用可见光源、分划板装校的激光光路透镜光轴正过心的偏心极限误差小于等于0.07 mm,光轴倾斜极限误差小于等于25″。     

高分辨率多光谱数字相机电子学系统的设计

设计了一种基于多光谱技术的机载数字相机电子学系统。它包括时序产生单元、信号处理单元、信号控制单元、数据输出接口单元和数据采集存储单元等几部分。系统具有调光和行频调节功能,用以满足在不同能量状态和不同飞行高度下的成像质量。考虑到机载设备的特殊要求,对其进行了轻量化设计和机载稳定平台设计。它具有实时高速存储和实时采集数据的功能。结果表明,机载数字相机电子学系统的各种功能完全满足设计要求,为实现高分辨率探测提供了保证。