Comparison of 147 GeV/c π− p low transverse momentum hadron production with deep-inelastic leptoproduction

Zeitschrift für Physik C Particles and Fields - Distributions with respect toz andz R for the fastest and second fastest particles produced in both beam and target hemispheres from 147 GeV/c...     

Anaerobic upflow fixed-film bioreactor for biomethanation of salty cheese whey

In order to develop a suitable reactor for the biomethanation of high-strength salty cheese whey, the performance of anaerobic upflow fixed-film reactors packed with different support materials, such as charcoal, gravel, brick pieces, pumicestones, and PVC pieces, has been studied. The charcoal-bedded reactor gave the best performance, with the maximum gas production (3.3 L/L digester/d) and an enriched methane content (69% CH₄). Temperature and hydraulic retention time were optimized, with the ultimate aim of improving biomethanation. Maximum gas production (3.3 L/L digester/d) was achieved at a hydraulic retention time of 2 d at 40°C.     

First synthesis of furo[3,4‐c]coumarins

Various 1,3‐dimethyl and 1‐methyl‐3‐phenylfuro[3,4‐c]coumarins ( 5a‐h and 6a‐h ) have been synthesized by demethylation cyclization of the respective 3‐aryl‐4‐ethoxycarbonyl furans ( 3a‐h and 4a‐h ). These ethoxycarbonyl furans were prepared by reacting appropriate 1‐aryl‐2‐nitro‐prop‐1‐ene ( 1a‐h ) with ethyl acetoacetate or ethyl benzoylacetate under Nef reaction condition.     

Sulfated polyborate catalyzed expeditious and efficient three-component synthesis of 3-methyl-4-(hetero)arylmethylene isoxazole-5(4H)-ones

A rapid and highly efficient methodology for the synthesis of 3-methyl-4-(hetero)arylmethylene isoxazole-5(4H)-ones has been developed using sulfated polyborate as a catalyst. The multicomponent reaction of an aromatic/heterocyclic aldehyde, hydroxylamine hydrochloride, and ethyl acetoacetate under a solvent free condition at 80 °C is described. This protocol has promising features for the reaction response such as shorter reaction time, easy work-up, ease of separation of pure product with high yields and simplicity in the experimental procedure. The products have been obtained in high yields (80–90%) and convenient reaction time (15–30 min). The method is operationally simple and eco-friendly.