金溶胶中邻羟基苯甲酸吸附行为的密度泛函理论与实验研究

研究了邻羟基苯甲酸(OHBA)的常规拉曼散射(NRS)光谱以及其吸附在Au纳米颗粒上的表面增强拉曼散射(SERS)光谱。以氯金酸为原料,柠檬酸三钠为还原剂,用化学还原法制备了球形的金纳米粒子溶胶,采用激光显微拉曼光谱仪(激发波长为785 nm),测定OHBA分子的NRS光谱及其吸附在Au纳米颗粒上的SERS光谱。同时,应用密度泛函理论(DFT),在B3LYP/6-31+G**(C,H,O)/LANL2DZ(Au)水平上,对OHBA分子进行了结构优化,在此基础上计算了OHBA分子的NRS光谱以及其吸附在Au纳米颗粒上两种不同吸附构型下的SERS光谱,并和实验值进行比较。结果表明,OHBA分子通过羧基吸附构型的计算值比通过羟基吸附构型的计算值与实验值符合的更好。最后,利用GaussView可视化软件对其振动模式进行了全面归属。通过对邻羟基苯甲酸分子拉曼谱峰的详细指认能够得出：Au溶胶中的邻羟基苯甲酸分子,是通过羧基倾斜地吸附在Au纳米颗粒表面的。可视化软件直观形象地展示出了该分子的结构特征和分子基团振动情况,对其振动峰位的归属提供了重要依据。本文工作对推进邻羟基苯甲酸在生物医药等领域进一步的应用具有重要作用。     

Deterministic Bidirectional Remote State Preparation of a- and Symmetric Quantum States with a Proper Quantum Channel

We present a new scheme for deterministically realizing the mutual interchange of quantum information between two distant parties via selected quantum states as the shared entangled resource. We first show the symmetric bidirectional remote state preparation (BRSP), where two single-qubit quantum states will be simultaneously exchanged in a deterministic manner provided that each of the users performs single-qubit von Neumann measurements with proper measurement bases as well as appropriate unitary operations, depending essentially on the outcomes of the prior measurements. Then we consider to extend the symmetric protocol to an asymmetric case, in which BRSP of a general single-qubit state and an arbitrary two-qubit state is investigated successfully. The necessary quantum operations and the employed quantum resources are feasible according to the present technology, resulting in that this protocol may be realizable in the realm of current physical experiment.     

Progress of nanoscience in China

Fast evolving nanoseienees and nanotechnology in China has made it one of the front countries of nanotechnology development. Ill this review, we summarize some most recent progresses in nanoseienee research and nanotechnology development in China. The topics we selected in this article include llano-fabrication, nanocatalysis, bioinspired nanoteehnology, green printing nanotechnology, nanoplasmonics, nanomedicine, nanomaterials and their applications, energy and environmental nanoteehnology, nano EHS （nanosafety）, etc. Most of them have great potentials in applications or application-related key issues in future.     

Photovoltaic effect of TiO2 thick films with an ultrathin BiFeO3 as buffer layer

The photovoltaic (PV) effect of a bilayer anatase TiO₂/BiFeO₃ (BFO) film has been studied. The 20-nm ultrathin BFO layers were deposited on the fluorine-doped tin oxide (FTO) glass substrates by the chemical solution deposition method. An anatase TiO₂ layer is deposited subsequently on the BFO surface via a screen-printing technique. It is found that the FTO/TiO₂/Au cell exhibits negligible PV effect under solar exposure, while the one after introducing an ultrathin BFO film between TiO₂ and FTO leads to a considerable PV effect with an open-circuit voltage of ?0.58 V and a photocurrent density of 18.27 µA/cm². The FTO/BiVO₄ (BVO)/TiO₂/Au cell was constructed to investigate the underlying mechanism for the observed effect. A negligible PV effect of the FTO/BVO/TiO₂/Au cell indicates that the PV effect of the FTO/BFO/TiO₂/Au cell arises mainly from a built-in electric field in the BFO film induced by the self-polarization. Our work opens up a new path to utilize TiO₂ and may influence the future design of solar cells.     

Fabrication of widely tunable ridge waveguide DBR lasers for WDM-PON

We report the fabrication of widely tunable ridge waveguide distributed Bragg reflector(DBR) lasers with InGaAsP butt-joint as grating material. The shape of the butt–joint interface is found to have significant effect on the properties of the lasers. It is shown that irregular mode jumps during wavelength tuning can be avoided by a V-shaped butt–joint interface. From the fabricated device, 23 channels with 0.8 nm spacing and greater than 35 dB side mode suppression ratios are obtained. The different tuning characteristics of the ridge waveguide and the previously reported buried ridge stripe DBR lasers are discussed. Combined with the wide tuning range and the simple structure, the ridge waveguide DBR lasers are promising for use in wavelength division multiplexing passive optical networks(WDM-PONs).     

基于单次旋转的旋转非对称面形误差绝对检测技术研究

绝对检测技术是剔除干涉仪系统误差进而提高面形检测精度的有效手段。基于单次旋转的绝对检测技术由被测球面绕光轴旋转前后的检测数据,采用基于最小二乘法的Zernike多项式拟合,剔除系统误差,获得被测面的旋转非对称面形误差。详细推导了理论计算公式,分析了单次旋转角度对算法检测精度的影响,并和多次旋转法作了对比,其残差均方根(RMS)值约为1.5nm。该方法只需一次旋转两次检测,在保证检测精度的同时简化了检测过程。     

脉冲激光二极管侧面抽运Nd:YAG激光器晶体时变热效应

采用数值计算的方法,对脉冲激光二极管三向侧面抽运固体激光器中,激光晶体的温度场时变分布进行了计算. 分析了三向侧面抽运情况下晶体内光强分布,在此基础上,采用有限元法,以脉冲激光二极管侧面抽运Nd:YAG激光器为例,对单脉冲过程中晶体温度分布及其影响因素进行分析. 结果表明,晶体升温过程受到抽运条件以及散热条件的影响,但是主要受到抽运条件即抽运光强度和光束半径的影响,降温过程受到晶体热物性参数和晶体半径以及散热条件的影响. 当晶体温度达到周期性分布后,由于晶体径向温度梯度的周期性变化,引起通过晶体的平面光波的中心和边缘光线相对光程差也随时间作周期性变化.     

AlN/Al dual protective coatings on NdFeB by DC magnetron sputtering

AlN/Al dual protective coatings were prepared on NdFeB by DC magnetron sputtering in a home-made industrial apparatus. Comparing with Al coating, AlN/Al coatings have a denser structure of an outmost AlN amorphous layer following an inner Al columnar crystal layer. The coatings and NdFeB substrate combine well, and moreover, there is occurrence of metallurgy bonding in the interface layer. Both Al and AlN/Al coatings have a good protective ability to NdFeB. Especially, the corrosion resistance of AlN/Al coated NdFeB is improved largely. AlN/Al and Al protective coatings not only do not deteriorate the magnetic properties of NdFeB, but contribute to their slight increase.     

准相位型光子筛设计

提出了一种准相位型光子筛。该准相位型光子筛通过改变暗环上小孔直径与带宽的比值,对焦点处的相位分布进行调制,使通过亮环和暗环上小孔的光波在焦点处发生相长干涉,生成聚焦光斑。该准相位型光子筛无需对基底进行特殊处理,即可完成相位型光子筛的制作,降低了加工难度。和普通振幅型光子筛相比,在相同最小加工尺寸的条件下,准相位型光子筛具有较大的数值孔径,可降低聚焦光斑尺寸。并且,和多区光子筛相比,在同样的最小加工尺寸及数值孔径的条件下,准相位型光子筛光斑尺寸及质量均优于对方。为大数值孔径光子筛设计提供了一种新的设计方法。     

Computer design of a compact cyclotron

Here we present results of the computer design of the structural elements of a compact cyclotron by the example of HITFiL cyclotron selected as the driving accelerator that is under construction at the Institute of Modern Physics (Lanzhou, China). In the article a complex approach to modeling of the compact cyclotron, including calculation of electromagnetic fields of the structural elements and beam dynamics calculations, is described. The existing design data on the axial injection, magnetic, acceleration and extraction systems of the cyclotron are used as a starting point in the simulation. Some of the upgrades of the cyclotron structural elements were proposed, which led to substantial improvement of the beam quality and transmission.