Image data analysis and classification in marketing

Nowadays, the diffusion of smartphones, tablet computers, and other multipurpose equipment with high-speed Internet access makes new data types available for data analysis and classification in marketing. So, e.g., it is now possible to collect images/snaps, music, or videos instead of ratings. With appropriate algorithms and software at hand, a marketing researcher could simply group or classify respondents according to the content of uploaded images/snaps, music, or videos. However, appropriate algorithms and software are sparsely known in marketing research up to now. The paper tries to close this gap. Algorithms and software from computer science are presented, adapted and applied to data analysis and classification in marketing. The new SPSS-like software package IMADAC is introduced.     

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Ohne Zusammenfassung     

Comparing proposals for the solution of data analysis problems in a knowledge-based system

In a knowledge-based system, which aims at supporting persons who are interested in the analysis of special data, the problem can arise that a whole set of proposals is generated in answer to a question of a user. Such proposals are based on appropriate interconnections between user wishes, available original data as well as derived data obtained by application of adequate methods, the methods mentioned, and data analysis objectives. We use graphical visualizations of proposals to outline how the system would cope with the underlying situation.In this paper, special attention is paid to the concept of knowledge-based comparisons of proposals when propagation of certainty factors is used for a-priori judgments of proposals generated (before suggested proposals are performed). After-wards, a-posteriori judgments of proposals considered (after solutions have been computed by application of selected proposals) can be based on goodness of fit criteria derived from chosen outputs.     

BSA adsorption on differently charged polystyrene nanoparticles using isothermal titration calorimetry and the influence on cellular uptake

BSA adsorption onto negatively and positively charged polystyrene nanoparticles was investigated. The nanoparticles were characterized in terms of particle size, zeta potential, surface group density, and morphology. The adsorption behavior of BSA on the particle surface, as a function of pH and overall charge of the particle, was studied using ITC. Different thermodynamic data such as enthalpy changes upon binding and stoichiometry of the systems were determined and discussed. The degree of surface coverage with BSA was calculated using the thermodynamic data. The cellular uptake of particles before and after BSA adsorption was studied using HeLa cells in the presence and absence of supplemented FCS in the cell culture medium.     

Totalsynthese von (–)-Norgestrel

Total-Synthesis of (–)-Norgestrel (–)-Norgestrel ( 1a ) or (–)-norethindrone ( 1b ), two active progestational ingredients of currently used contraceptives have been synthesized stereoselectively. Compound 1a has been obtained starting from m-cresol methyl ether, dimethyl malonate, and (E)-1,4-dibromo-2-butene. The steroid skeleton has been constructed using an intramolecular Diels-Alder reaction of an o-quinodimethane derivative preceeded by a photo-enolization of an appropriate methyl-substituted acetophenone derivative. Chirality has been introduced at an early stage during an S_cN′ reaction (cf. Scheme 1). Compound 1b has been obtained similarly using a previously reported mixture of the enantiomerically pure constitutional isomers 18b / 19b (cf. Scheme 3).     

The origin of living polymerization with an o-fluorinated catalyst: NMR spectroscopic characterization of chain-carrying species

To characterize the origin of living polymerization with nonmetallocene titanium-based catalysts containing o-fluoroaryl substituents, ethene polymerization by an o-fluorinated bis(enolatoimine) titanium catalyst and its nonfluorinated counterpart has been studied by multinuclear NMR spectroscopy by using methylaluminoxane (MAO) or AlMe(3)/CPh(3)B(C(6)F(5))(4) as activators. Formation of ion pairs of the type [TiL(2)Me][MeMAO] and [TiL(2)Me][B(C(6)F(5))(4)] has been observed for both catalysts. These ion pairs react with ethene to afford the chain-propagating species [TiL(2)P][MeMAO] and [TiL(2)P][B(C(6)F(5))(4)], respectively (P = growing polymeryl chain). For the o-F-substituted catalyst species of the second type, NMR spectroscopy provides evidence that the o-F substituents interact with the metal center. This interaction is proposed to keep the polymerization catalysis living by suppressing chain transfer to AlMe(3) and β-hydrogen transfer processes.     

DecayB \to Dl\bar v from QCD sum rules

\(B \to Dl\bar v\) form factor is calculated using 3-point QCD sum rules.