Synthesis of cobalt and nickel 6,6′-diphenylbis(dicarbollides)

Russian Chemical Bulletin - 6,6′-Diphenyl derivatives of cobalt and nickel bis(dicarbollide) were synthesized starting from nido-carborane by the insertion—deboronation—insertion...     

Cytotoxic activity of intermediates and side products of echinochrome synthesis

The cytotoxic activity of the principal intermediates and side products of echinochrome synthesis toward gametes of the sea urchin Strogylocentrotus intermedius was studied. Di-and trichloro naphthazarin derivatives with two vicinal Cl atoms were the most active. __________ Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 3, pp. 228–231, May–June, 2008.     

Synthesis of lomazarin and norlomazarin, pigments from Lomandra hastilis

5,8-Dihydroxy-2,3,6-trimethoxy-7-ethyl-1,4-naphthoquinone (1) was used to synthesize in high yield 5,8-dihydroxy-7(1′-hydroxyethyl)-2,3,6-trimethoxy-1,4-naphthoquinone (lomazarin, 3), a pigment from Lomandra hastilis. Alkaline hydrolysis of lomazarin produced mainly 5,6,8-trihydroxy-2,3-dimethoxy-1,4-naphthoquinone (9) through a retro-aldol decomposition of the 6-keto-form of 5,6,8-trihydroxy-7(1′-hydroxyethyl)-2,3-dimethoxy-1,4-naphthoquinone (13b) formed during the reaction. 2,5,8-Trihydroxy-7(1′-hydroxyethyl)-3,6-dimethoxy-1,4-naphthoquinone (norlomazarin, 4a), a pigment of L. hastilis, and its 3,5,8-trihydroxy-7(1′-hydroxyethyl)-2,6-dimethoxy isomer 4b were formed as a difficultly separable mixture in addition to quinone 9. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 6, pp. 581–584, November–December, 2008.     

On the reaction of nido-carborane with thiourea

Russian Chemical Bulletin - A reaction of the protonated form of 7,8-dicarba-nido-undecaborate anion 7,8-C2B9H13 with thiourea leads to the formation of a mixture of 9- and 10-thiuronium...     

A Study of Ultrathin Superconducting Films of Niobium Nitride Obtained by Atomic Layer Deposition

Technical Physics - A method is presented for the deposition of ultrathin superconducting NbNx films by atomic layer deposition enhanced by plasma from an organometallic precursor and an H2/Ar gas...     

Synthesis and study on oxidative coupling products of 3-alkyl-2-hydroxynaphthazarins

The resulting products of oxidative coupling of substituted 3-alkyl-2-hydroxynaphthazarins in the presence of lead dioxide are the compounds with 7,14-dibenzo[a,i]oxanthrene skeleton.     

Reactions of 2-(trifluoromethyl)chromones with cyanoacetamides, ethyl cyanoacetate and diethyl malonate. Unexpected synthesis of benzo[c]coumarin derivatives

While 2-(trifluoromethyl)chromones react with cyanoacetamides in the presence of sodium ethoxide to produce 6-(2-hydroxyaryl)-4-(trifluoromethyl)-2-oxo-1,2-dihydropyridine-3-carbonitriles, their reactions with ethyl cyanoacetate and diethyl malonate under the same conditions took an entirely different course and gave novel functionalized derivatives of 6H-benzo[c]chromen-6-one.     

Lower polar ionosphere during a solar flare as revealed from radiooccultation data in satellite-to-satellite links

It is shown that there are typical variations in the amplitude and phase of decimetric radio waves in satellite-to-satellite links due to variations in the polar ionosphere structure. The altitude profiles of the electron number density and vertical size of the ionospheric sporadic structures in the nighttime polar regions during the period of intense solar activity in October 25 to November 09, 2003 are estimated. Correlation between the the ionosphere characteristics and the solar-wind parameters is discussed. It is noted that the effect of energetic-particle precipitation due to the influence of shock waves of the solar wind is the main factor responsible for strong variations in the nighttime polar ionosphere. Translated from Izvestiya Vysshikh Uchebnykh Zavedenii, Radiofizika, Vol. 52, No. 3, pp. 181–191, March 2009.     

The synthesis of amides of halonitrocarboxylic acids

Amides of 2-nitro-3,3,3-trifluoro-2-chloropropionic, 2-nitro-3,3-difluoro-2,3-dichloropropionic, and nitrodichloroacetic acids were obtained by the ammonolysis of the acid chlorides of the corresponding halonitrocarboxylic acids.Translated from Izvestiya Akademii Nauk SSSR. Seriya Khimicheskaya, No. 4, pp. 927–928, April, 1990.     

Methods of preparation of halonitroacetic acid derivatives and study of the fungicidal activity of their amides and anilides on Sclerotinia sclerotiorum

Anilides (II)-(XIII), (XV), (XVI), (XIX), and chloronitroacetamide (XVIII) were obtained in a yield of 38–90% by ammonolysis of the corresponding dichloro- (I) and chloronitroacetyl chlorides (XIV). Dichloronitroacetanilides (II), (V), ethyl (XX), propyl (XXI) esters and amide of dichloronitroacetic acid (XXII) were obtained by chlorination of anhydrous ammonium and sodium salts by sulfuryl chloride in absolute ether. Bromination of anhydrous salts of bromo- and chloronitroacetic acids proceeds readily in absolute alcohol. The yields of the bromination [(XXIII)-(XXVIII)] and chlorination products were 49–99%. Results are given of tests of some of the amides and anilides obtained for the inhibition of growth and development of theSclerotinia sclerotiorum fungus.Translated from Izvestiya Akademii Nauk SSSR, Seriya Khimicheskaya, No. 4, pp. 823–830, April, 1991.