The influence of Landau quantization on the propagation of solitary structures in collisional plasmas

In this work, we study damped ion acoustic solitary wave structures in magnetized dense plasmas. The collisional effects of ions with electrons and neutrals are considered. The trapping effects of electrons and Landau quantization are included in the plasma model under consideration. We assume that magnetic field is quantized such that the condition■ is satisfied. We have derived the damped Korteweg–de Vries(dKdV) equation by using small amplitude reductive perturbation technique. The time-dependent analytical and numerical solutions of the dKdV equation are presented. For numerical solutions we apply a two level finite difference scheme with the help of the Runge Kutta method. The effects of variations of different plasma parameters on the propagation characteristics of damped solitary structures in the presence of collisions are discussed.     

水热法制备MoO3-GQDs的三甲胺气敏性能

采用水热法制备了一系列具有不同碳量子点(GQDs)含量的MoO3?GQDs纳米复合材料,利用X射线衍射、扫描电子显微镜、透射电子显微镜、FTIR等对MoO3?GQDs复合材料进行了表征,研究了其气敏性能。结果表明,复合材料中GQDs的含量对MoO3?GQDs复合材料的气敏响应和选择性有显著影响。MoO3?GQDs纳米复合材料(S?6,GQDs悬浮液的含量为6 mL)传感器在230℃时对三甲胺(TMA)表现出高的气敏响应和好的气敏选择性;该传感器对1000μL·L^-1 TMA的响应为74.08;对1000μL·L^-1 TMA的响应时间和恢复时间分别为73和34 s;S?6复合材料气敏传感器在230℃时可以检测到1μL·L^-1的TMA。     

H2O2 Screening from Saliva of Gum Diseased‐patient through CN‐dot Wrapped Cu2O Nano‐frogspawns Ionic Liquid Nanocomposite

Herein, we report the development of a robust, sensitive, and selective non‐enzymatic electrochemical sensor for the detection of hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂). The novel BA modified CN‐dot wrapped Cu₂O‐nano‐frogspawn (FS@CN‐dot) sensor probe demonstrated a catalytic property towards H₂O₂ that allowed the highly sensitive electrochemical detection at a low reduction potential. The as prepared CN‐dot wrapped Cu₂O hetero‐structured nanocomposite was analyzed using surface analysis methods to confirm the morphology, crystallinity, and oxidation states of various constituents and dopant elements. Further, the morphological analysis of the Cu₂O nanoparticles revealed that the Cu₂O retains frogspawns‐liked structure. Under the optimized experimental conditions, the sensor showed a wide dynamic range of H₂O₂ from 0.5 μM to 9 mM with a detection limit (LD) of 1.2±0.1 nM. The designed sensing probe showed good stability, high sensitivity, and selectivity even in the presence of potential interfering molecules. To check the reliability of the fabricated sensor in biomedical applications, the proposed sensing probe was successfully applied to monitor H₂O₂ in saliva of a gum‐diseased patient. To the best of our knowledge, this report is the first of its kind not only because of its novel construction style in terms of CN source, but also in terms of real sample applicability as well.     

Bibliometric Mapping of Literature on High-Entropy/Multicomponent Alloys and Systematic Review of Emerging Applications

High-entropy/multicomponent alloy (HEA/MCA) has received significant research attention in the last decade. There is a dearth of data-driven works dedicated to assessing and visualizing the HEA/MCA literature from a global perspective. To this end, we present the first bibliometric literature analysis of more than 3500 HEA/MCA articles, published between 2004 and 2021, in the Scopus database. We identify the most prolific authors, their collaborators, institutions, and most prominent research outlet. Co-occurrence networks of keywords are mapped and analyzed. A steep rise in research outputs is observed from 2013, when the number of annual publications doubled the previous years. The top five preferred research outlets include Journal of Alloys and Compounds, Materials Science and Engineering A, Scripta Materialia, Intermetallics, and Acta Materialia. Most of these publications emanate from researchers and institutions within China, USA, and Germany, although international scientific collaboration among them is lacking. Research gaps and future research directions are proposed, based on co-occurrence frequencies of author keywords. Finally, a brief systematic review of emerging applications, covering hydrogen storage, additive manufacturing, catalysis, and superconductivity, is undertaken. This work provides an important comprehensive reference guide for researchers to deepen their knowledge of the field and pursue new research directions.     

Nanodiamonds: A Cutting-Edge Approach to Enhancing Biomedical Therapies and Diagnostics in Biosensing

Nanodiamonds (NDs) have garnered attention in the field of nanomedicine due to their unique properties. This review offers a comprehensive overview of NDs synthesis methods, properties, and their uses in biomedical applications. Various synthesis techniques, such as detonation, high-pressure, high-temperature, and chemical vapor deposition, offer distinct advantages in tailoring NDs′ size, shape, and surface properties. Surface modification methods further enhance NDs′ biocompatibility and enable the attachment of bioactive molecules, expanding their applicability in biological systems. NDs serve as promising nanocarriers for drug delivery, showcasing biocompatibility and the ability to encapsulate therapeutic agents for targeted delivery. Additionally, NDs demonstrate potential in cancer treatment through hyperthermic therapy and vaccine enhancement for improved immune responses. Functionalization of NDs facilitates their utilization in biosensors for sensitive biomolecule detection, aiding in precise diagnostics and rapid detection of infectious diseases. This review underscores the multifaceted role of NDs in advancing biomedical applications. By synthesizing NDs through various methods and modifying their surfaces, researchers can tailor their properties for specific biomedical needs. The ability of NDs to serve as efficient drug delivery vehicles holds promise for targeted therapy, while their applications in hyperthermic therapy and vaccine enhancement offer innovative approaches to cancer treatment and immunization. Furthermore, the integration of NDs into biosensors enhances diagnostic capabilities, enabling rapid and sensitive detection of biomolecules and infectious diseases. Overall, the diverse functionalities of NDs underscore their potential as valuable tools in nanomedicine, paving the way for advancements in healthcare and biotechnology.     

Heavy ion induced cluster formation and fragmentation phenomena in amorphous graphite

A study has been conducted into the mechanisms of evolution of clusters and their subsequent fragmentation under energetic heavy ion bombardment of amorphous graphite. The evolving clusters and their subsequent fragmentation under continuing ion bombardment are revealed by detecting various clusters in the energy spectra of the Direct Recoils (DRs) emitted as a result of collisions between ions and surface constituents. The successive DR spectra reveal that the energetics of bond formation as well as any subsequent fragmentation can be related to the processes of energy dissipation in a cylindrical volume of a few ? surrounding the ion path. The dependence of formation or fragmentation is seen to be a function of the ionic stopping powers in this cylindrical volume. Received: 2 January 1998 / Accepted: 5 March 1998     

On countable homogeneous 3-hypergraphs

Summary We present some results on countable homogeneous 3-hypergraphs. In particular, we show that there is no unexpected homogeneous 3-hypergraph determined by a single constraint.The authors are grateful for support from NSERC (Canada) Grant A3040     

Analysis of ores by simple grinding and circular thin-layer chromatography and the nichrome wire ring chamber

Summary A method for the preparation of ore solutions by grinding the ore with distilled water is developed for the analysis of minerals and ores in the field by the circular thin-layer Chromatographic technique.

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Zusammenfassung Die Herstellung von Erzlösungen durch Mahlen des Erzes mit dest. Wasser zur Feldanalyse von Mineralen und Erzen durch Ring-Dünnschichtchromatographie wird empfohlen.