Synthesis and surface modified hard magnetic properties in Co0.5Pt0.5 nanocrystallites from a rheological liquid precursor

Small crystallites of a metastable phase Co_0.5Pt_0.5 are precipitated by heating a rheological liquid precursor of cobalt–hydrazine complex and platinum chloride H₂PtCl₆·xH₂O in polymer molecules of poly(vinylpyrrolidone) (PVP) in ethylene glycol. The hydrazine co-reduces nascent atoms from the Co²⁺ and Pt⁴⁺ that recombine and grow as Co_0.5Pt_0.5. The PVP molecules cap a growing Co_0.5Pt_0.5 as it achieves a critical size so that it stops growing further in given conditions. X-ray diffraction pattern of a recovered powder reveals a crystalline Co_0.5Pt_0.5 phase (average crystallite size D∼8 nm) of a well-known Fm3m-fcc crystal structure with the lattice parameter a=0.3916 nm (density ρ=14.09 g/cm³). A more ordered L1₀ phase (ρ=15.91 g/cm³) transforms (D≥25 nm) upon annealing the powder at temperature lesser than 700 °C (in vacuum). At room temperature, the virgin crystallites bear only a small saturation magnetization M_s=5.54 emu/g (D=8 nm) of a soft magnet and it hardly grows on bigger sizes (D≤31 nm) in a canted ferromagnetic structure. A rectangular hysteresis loop is markedly expanded on an optimally annealed L1₀ phase at 800 °C for 60 min, showing a surface modified coercivity H_c=7.781 kOe with remnant ratio M_r/M_s=0.5564, and M_s=39.75 emu/g. Crystallites self-assembled in an acicular shape tailor large H_c from ideal single domains and high magnetocrystalline anisotropy of a hard magnet L1₀ phase.     

Application of a Multilayer Perceptron Artificial Neural Network for the Prediction and Optimization of the Andrographolide Content in Andrographis paniculata

Andrographolide, the principal secondary metabolite of Andrographis paniculata, displays a wide spectrum of medicinal activities. The content of andrographolide varies significantly in the species collected from different geographical regions. Therefore, this study aims at investigating the role of different abiotic factors and selecting suitable sites for the cultivation of A. paniculata with high andrographolide content using a multilayer perceptron artificial neural network (MLP-ANN) approach. A total of 150 accessions of A. paniculata collected from different regions of Odisha and West Bengal in eastern India showed a variation in andrographolide content in the range of 0.28–5.45% on a dry weight basis. The MLP-ANN was trained using climatic factors and soil nutrients as the input layer and the andrographolide content as the output layer. The best topological ANN architecture, consisting of 14 input neurons, 12 hidden neurons, and 1 output neuron, could predict the andrographolide content with 90% accuracy. The developed ANN model showed good predictive performance with a correlation coefficient (R²) of 0.9716 and a root-mean-square error (RMSE) of 0.18. The global sensitivity analysis revealed nitrogen followed by phosphorus and potassium as the predominant input variables influencing the andrographolide content. The andrographolide content could be increased from 3.38% to 4.90% by optimizing these sensitive factors. The result showed that the ANN approach is reliable for the prediction of suitable sites for the optimum andrographolide yield in A. paniculata.     

A Zwitterionic Tetrastanna(II) Cyclic Crown

A 12-membered zwitterionic tetrastanna(II) cycle 1 having a crown ether-like topology has been isolated from the deprotonation of 1,1′-methylenediimidazole ( B ) with two equivalents of Sn[N(SiMe₃)₂]₂ ( A ). The solid-state structure and NMR analysis confirms the tetrastanna(II) cycle 1 to be comprised of two stannate(II) and two stannyliumylidene ion pairs in alternating positions of the heterocycle. Computational analysis shows greater nucleophilicity at the proximally located stannate(II) centers. Nonetheless, the tetrastanna(II) cycle 1 remains poorly reactive due to engagement of Sn^II lone pair electrons in intramolecular donor-acceptor interactions. Simple deprotonation reaction between Sn[N(SiMe₃)₂]₂ ( A ) and N-(diisopropylphenyl)imidazole ( C ) in equimolar ratio has led to a stannylene 2 , involving the formation of a Sn−C covalent bond with the anionic imidazol-2-yl carbon center along with the release of NH(SiMe₃)₂. Compound 2 exists as a dimer, where the unsubstituted ring nitrogen atom coordinated intermolecularly to the other stannylene center.     

A Luminescent Zinc(II) Coordination Polymer for Selective Detection of Fe3+ and Cr2O72− in Water and Catalytic CO2 Fixation

Fluorescence-based detection technique using coordination polymer has been considered an attractive alternative over conventional approaches. Herein, a new luminescent zinc(II) coordination polymer, [Zn(4-ABPT)(NIPA)(H₂O)], SSICG-5 , is synthesized by using a Lewis acidic Zn(II) ion, aromatic nitro group containing ligand 5-nitroisophthalic acid (H₂NIPA), and basic −NH₂ rich ligand 3,5-di(pyridine-4-yl)-4H-1,2,4-triazol-4-amine (4-ABPT). SSICG-5 can detect Fe³⁺ and Cr₂O₇²⁻ selectively with a LOD of 0.16 μM and 1.94 μM, respectively. Additionally, carbon dioxide (CO₂) fixation via one-pot CO₂ cycloaddition reaction has significant importance for reduced waste formation, minimizing reaction time and lowering chemical usage. Zn metal centre of SSICG-5 possesses a replaceable coordinated water molecule. The active metal sites combined with the Lewis acidic and basic sites of the ligands make SSICG-5 an ideal bifunctional heterogeneous catalyst for efficient CO₂ cycloaddition reaction under room temperature (RT), solvent-free conditions. Notably, SSICG-5 exhibits near quantitative conversion (turnover number (TON) of 198) of propylene oxide to its carbonate compound under mild reaction conditions.     

Facile soft solution synthesis of delafossite structured Cu(Cr1-xFex)O2 (x = 0, 0.5, and 1) materials and their supercapacitor application

Journal of Solid State Electrochemistry - The investigation of metal oxides with delafossite-type crystal structure for electrochemical energy storage applications is an emerging area....     

Compact stars admitting Finch-Skea symmetry in the presence of various matter fields

In the present study, we investigate the anisotropic stellar solutions admitting Finch-Skea symmetry (viable and non-singular metric potentials) in the presence of some exotic matter fields, such as Bose-Einstein Condensate (BEC) dark matter, the Kalb-Ramond fully anisotropic rank-2 tensor field from the low-energy string theory effective action, and the gauge field imposing \begin{document}$ U(1) $\end{document} symmetry. Interior spacetime is matched with both Schwarzchild and Reissner-N?rdstrom vacuum spacetimes for BEC, KB, and gauge fields. In addition, we study the energy conditions, Equation of State (EoS), radial derivatives of energy density and anisotropic pressures, Tolman-Oppenheimer-Volkoff equilibrium condition, relativistic adiabatic index, sound speed, and surface redshift. Most of the aforementioned conditions are satisfied. Therefore, the solutions derived in the current study lie in the physically acceptable regime.     

Three Component syn-1,2-Arylmethylation of Internal Alkynes**

A Pd-catalyzed three-component syn-1,2-arylmethylation of internal alkynes (ynamides/yne-acetates/alkynes) is described. The readily available and bench stable coupling partners iodo-arenes, and methyl boronic acid are successfully used in this coupling strategy to access the methyl-containing tetra-substituted olefins; the scope is broad showing excellent functional-group tolerance. Notably, the transformation is regio- as well as stereoselective. The biologically relevant motifs (BRM) bearing iodo-arenes and ynamides are also used for the late-stage syn-1,2-arylmethylation of alkynes. Aryl-alkylation, aryl-trideuteriomethylation, alkynyl-methylation, and alkenyl-methylation of ynamides are also presented. The Me-substituted alkenes are further transformed into synthetically important β-amino-indenones and α-fluoro-α′-methyl ketones.     

Harnessing Deep Neural Networks to Analyze Multi-Channel Anion Sensing Characteristics of a Ru(II)-Pyrazolyl-Bis(Benzimidazole) Complex

In this work, the anion-responsive conduct of a Ru(II)-bipyridine complex incorporating pyrazolyl-bis (benzimidazole) ligand is thoroughly investigated in acetonitrile and water via absorption and emission spectroscopy as well as by square-wave voltammetry (SWV). Substantial alteration of the photo-redox behavior of the complex is observed in the presence of the selected anions. The free form of the complex exhibits emission indicating the “on-state”, while inclusion of anions leads to quenching of emission and represents the “off-state”. The restoration of the initial state of the complex is feasible in the presence of acid and the process is reversible and can be recycled. In essence, the complex functions as anion- and acid-responsive molecular switches. Additionally, we applied herein neural network based deep learning methodologies, viz. Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs) and Adaptive Neuro-Fuzzy Inference System (ANFIS)} for thorough analysis and fully understand the multi-channel anion sensing behavior of the complex.