微乳液法制备超细包裹型铁粉

应用Ｗ／Ｏ型微乳流法制备了纳米量级包裹型超细铁粉,由ＸＲＤ、ＳＥＭ、ＴＥＭ和ＩＲ谱测试表明：它属于表面活性剂包裹型超细微粒。平均粒径约１２０ｎｍ,微粒的密度为３．００ｇ／ｃｍ＾３。比饱和磁化强度σｓ＝９２．４Ａｍ＾２／ｋｇ,矫顽力Ｈｅ＝４３（Ｏｅ）,剩磁ｒ＝３．８９Ａｍ＾２／ｋｇ。将其用于制备磁流变液（ＭＲＦ）,具有良好的磁流变（ＭＲ）性能和优良的沉降稳定性。     

Hg在Pd掺杂的CeO_2表面吸附和脱除

基于密度泛函理论对Hg在纯CeO_2表面的吸附机理进行了理论计算,采用p(3×3)的二维超晶胞模型计算了CeO_23个不同表面上不同位点对汞的吸附能,计算结果表明,Hg在纯CeO_2表面吸附能力较弱,为物理吸附,Hg原子与CeO_2未形成有效化学键。为了进一步研究Hg在CeO_2表面的吸附机理,计算了Hg在Pd掺杂的CeO_2(Pd-CeO_2)表面的吸附机理,结果表明,Hg在Pd-CeO_2表面吸附能较强,为化学吸附,Hg原子与Pd-CeO_2之间形成有效的化学键,说明Pd的掺杂有利于提高CeO_2对汞的吸附能力。为了量化纯CeO_2和Pd-CeO_2的汞脱除效率,对Hg在纯CeO_2和Pd-CeO_2表面的脱除进行了实验研究。实验结果表明,纯CeO_2对汞的脱除效率较低,贵金属Pd的掺杂能够有效提高CeO_2的汞脱除效率,与理论计算的结果相符。     

逐步增加首失效截尾样本下参数估计的优良性

在对称平方损失函数下, 利用逐步增加首失效截尾样本, 研究两参数Pareto分布族参数的一致最小方差无偏估计(UMVUE), Bayes估计和参数型经验Bayes(PEB)估计. 按照均方误差(MSE)准则, 比较UMVUE与PEB估计的优良性. 根据风险函数导出Bayes估计与PEB估计的渐近性, 并获得它们的收敛速度. 在相同的置信水平下, 研究参数分别在经典统计和Bayes统计中的区间估计, 并利用数值模拟说明Bayes区间估计的精度高于经典统计区间估计.     

Detection and Location of a Target in Layered Media by Snapshot Time Reversal and Reverse Time Migration Mixed Method

A target in layered medium can be located by the ridge-like distribution time reversal and reverse time migration(TR-RTM) mixed method. However, this method cannot distinguish between acoustic field distributions of the interface and target for the wider acoustic pulse signals, which may result in inaccurate location of the target. A snapshot TR-RTM mixed method is proposed to solve this problem. The principle of snapshot TR-RTM mixed method is first given. Experiments are then carried out, and a mountain-like acoustic field distribution is obtained by processing experimental data. The results show that the location of the peak is that of the target, and the ratio of the scattered signal and interface reflection signal(signal-to-interference ratio) is improved by about four times after processing. Furthermore, this method can effectively suppress the interface reflection signal and enhance the target scattering signal. Therefore, it can achieve effective detection and location of a target in a layered medium.     

价键优选法及其在纳米结构预测与物性研究中的应用

本文论述价键优选法作为一种新颖的理论方法在材料结构预测与物性研究中的应用, 特别是在低维数纳米结构如团簇与纳米线研究中所展示的优势. 价键优选法以原子几何构型和电子云(主要是由费米能级附近的分子轨道组成, 即广义前线轨道)空间分布来合理决定纳米结构的稳定构型的选取. 本文以硅团簇为例说明价键优选法的特点, 以及锂、钠、铍、镁等金属团簇为例说明价键优选法在结构预测与材料 物性随尺寸演化规律研究中的应用, 以锂离子在MoS纳米线中的吸附为例说明价键优选法在储能材料离子传导研究中的应用, 最后总结价键优选法的进一步发展方向. 关键词： 价键优选法 团簇 纳米结构 离子传导     

离化态原子基态电子结构特征与轨道竞争规律

离化态原子广泛存在于等离子体物质中,其相关性质是天体物理、受控核聚变等前沿科学研究领域的重要基础.基于独立电子近似,本文系统研究了扩展周期表元素(2 Z 119)所有中性和离化态原子的基态电子结构.基于设计的原子轨道竞争图,系统总结了各周期元素轨道竞争的规律,并结合离化态原子的局域自洽势阐明了其轨道竞争(即轨道塌陷)的机制;在此基础上,说明了部分元素性质与轨道竞争的关系.利用本文研究得到的离化态原子基态电子结构,可建立更精密计算相关原子的能级结构、跃迁几率等物理量之基础,从而满足高功率自由电子激光实验分析、原子核质量精密测量等前沿研究的需求.     

应用高速CCD诊断研究HT-7装置边界等离子体旋转

在HT-7装置上建立了一套高速CCD可见光成像诊断,测量了边界等离子体的可见光辐射成像。在HT-7装置放电中,首次观察到在等离子体边界区域存在一条极向旋转的可见光辐射带,由CCD诊断系统得到其极向旋转的频率为858Hz。根据多道H_α阵列测量得到极向旋转频率为952Hz。多道磁探针信号测量发现,等离子体内部存在m/n=3/1的电磁模,该模的旋转频率为972Hz。从电子回旋辐射诊断系统得到的电子温度剖面发现该模的磁岛宽度约为2.5cm。     

Cavity-Induced Enhancement of Squeezing in Resonance Fluorescence of a V-Type Three-Level Atom

The quadrature squeezing spectra in the resonance fluorescence of a V-type three-level atom driven by a coherent field and coupled to a single-mode cavity is investigated. For weak excitation, the fluorescence field exhibit squeezing in the out-of-phase quadrature. The coupling between the atom and the cavity mode can greatly enhance the squeezing centred at the laser frequency. More importantly, for strong excitation, under the effect of the cavity-atom coupling, the in-phase quadrature of fluorescence can exhibit two-mode squeezing at the two inner sideband frequencies. By working in the dressed-state representation and hiring secular approximation, we give an analytical explanation for the effect. The result shows, under appropriate conditions, the squeezing can be greatly enhanced by appropriately tuning the cavity resonant frequency.     

用激光散斑法测盐水溶液浓度的改进

在利用激光散斑法测盐水溶液浓度时,光束透过溶液时会产生不同的纵向位移,但散斑计量对纵向位移不敏感.因此重新设计光路将纵向位移转化为横向位移,实现了溶液浓度的精确测量.     

Bi2MoO6纳米片/TiO2纳米棒阵列复合材料的制备及其可见光响应光电催化性能研究

Novel Bi₂MoO₆/TiO₂ heterojunction was fabricated by growing Bi₂MoO₆ nanosheets arrays on the vertically aligned TiO₂ nanorods arrays via a two-step solvothermal method. The obtained Bi₂MoO₆/TiO₂ hierarchical heterojunction showed excellent visible light photoelectrochemical performance. Compared with the pure TiO₂ and Bi₂MoO₆, the photocurrent density of the heterojunction was increased 57 and 29 times, respectively. Furthermore, the hydrogen generation rate of the Bi₂MoO₆/TiO₂ for photoelectrocatalytic water-splitting was about 6 times higher than that of the pure Bi₂MoO₆. The improved performance can be attributed to the synergistic effects of enhanced absorption of visible light, increase of migration rate and separation efficiency of photo-induced carriers.