在线的离子交换预富集流动注射──原子吸收光谱法测定铁、锰、铜和镉的研究

本文使用大孔弱酸阳离子交换树脂Ｄ—１５２微型柱预富集，将流动注射与原子吸收光谱法相结合测定了Ｆｅ、Ｍｎ、Ｃｕ和Ｃｄ等离子。讨论了溶液酸度、采样速率及沈脱剂等对上述四元素灵敏度的影响。在采样频率４０次／ｈ、采样体积７ｍｌ时，Ｆｅ、Ｍｎ、Ｃｕ和Ｃｄ增敏１６～２４倍，检出限分别为０．９、０．４、０．４和０．１ｎｇ／ｍｌ。     

纳米尺寸材料的结构和性质III：铁纳米粒子的结构和性质

Molecular dynamics computer simulation has been carded out to study the structure and physical properties of iron nanoparticles with 331 to 2133 Fe atoms or with diameter from 2.3 to 4.3 nm. The core of liquid nanodroplets has the similar structure of the bulk molten iron liquid that has an average coordination number around 10.5 and the packing density around 0.45, although the closest Fe-Fe distance is slightly longer in the bulk liquid. Most of the iron nanoparticles formed from the cooling of molten nanodroplets have the same body center cubic crystal structure as it was observed in the bulk under the normal temperature and pressure. Lattice contraction was observed for iron nanoparticles. An amorphous solid and an HCP like solid were obtained accidentally during the quenching runs on Fe331 nanoparticles. The physical properties of iron nanoparticles such as molar volume, density, thermal expansion coefficient, melting point, heat of fusion, heat capacity and diffusion coefficient were estimated based on the results obtained from this simulation. The dependence of physical properties on the nanoparticle sizes was addressed.     

PLL-PEG-PLL三嵌段共聚物的制备及DNA包覆应用

将PLL(Z)-PEG-PLL(Z)中的氨基去保护得到两端为聚阳离子的嵌段共聚物PLL-PEG- PLL, 并对与DNA结合形成的聚集体的性质进行了研究. 结果表明: PLL-PEG-PLL与DNA在水相中形成了聚离子复合物胶束; DNA与PLL通过静电作用形成核, PEG包裹在外面, 得到的聚离子复合物胶束为均一体系, 即使在化学计量点也不会沉淀, 保持着很好的流动性和稳定性, 这一点对基因治疗是很重要的; 而且随着PLL段的增加, 包覆效果更好; 聚离子复合物胶束使得DNA具有较强的核酶抗性; 大小在10~35 nm之间, 主要呈球形; 聚离子复合物胶束能够用于基因的传递, 使基因在细胞系SF9中表达出蛋白质.     

固载脯氨酸类手性催化剂的制备及在不对称Aldol反应中的催化作用

制备了两种二氧化硅-甲基纤维素-脯氨酸类手性小分子复合催化剂,证明了它们可以在室温下催化不对称Aldol反应.所得产物产率较高,ee值最高能达到86.8%.这些催化剂比较稳定,并具有一定的重复使用的性能.     

含硫原子簇化合物的三阶非线性光学性质

总结近年来Mo(W，V)／S／Cu(Ag，Au)含硫原子簇化合物的三阶非线性吸收与非线性折射等光学性质的研究状况，Mo(W，V)／S／Cu(Ag，Au)含硫原子簇化合物的结构与光学性质之间的关系。     

Asymmetric Synthesis of （ － ）－（2R ,3R, 6S ）－Irnigaine

Asymmetric synthesis of irnigaine was achieved starting from an enantiopure β-amino ester 5 using the condensation of amino al-cohol 2 with acetylacetone and the subsequent intramolecular cycllzation as the key steps.     

离子液体在番茄红素提取中的应用研究

以1-丁基-3-甲基咪唑四氟硼酸盐([Bmim]BF4)、1-丁基-3-甲基咪唑六氟磷酸盐([Bmim]PF6)、1-乙基-3-甲基咪唑四氟硼酸盐([Emim]BF4)、1-乙基-3-甲基溴盐([Emim]Br)、1-丁基-3-甲基咪唑硫酸一氢盐([Bmim]HSO4)离子液体为萃取剂,并用超声波辅助萃取新鲜番茄中的番茄红素.对离子液体超声波辅助萃取新鲜番茄中的番茄红素的条件进行了优化,优化后的提取条件为:以[Bmim]BF4为萃取溶剂,离子液体浓度:V乙醇/V[Bmim]BF4=3,在固定超声温度为40℃,超声萃取时间10min,超声波功率380W,料液比1:5 (g/mL)时,效果最佳.     

Comparison Between Catalytic Activity and Activity Changes During Denaturation by Guanidine Hydrochloride of Enzymes in Crystalline State and in Solution

The catalytic activity and activity changes during denaturation by guanidine hydrochloride of glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase,lactate dehydrogenase and α-chymotrypsin in crystalline state and in solution have been compared.The catalytic activities are lower in crystalline state than in solution. Enzymes in crystalline state are more stable than in solution during denaturation by guanidine hydrochloride.Ammonium sulfate has different effects on catalytic activities of different enzymes and shows protection on all enzymes studied during denaturation by guanidine hydrochloride.The protection is more obvious at high concentrations of guanidine hydrochloride than at low concentrations.It is suggested that the flexibility or mobility of enzyme is required for the catalytic activity and related to the stability of enzymes. Enzymes with less flexibility or mobility are more stable.     

二氢和四氢-2-甲基-4-芳基(1,5)苯并硫氮杂的构象分析(Ⅰ)

本文研究了2-甲基-4-芳基(1,5)苯并硫氮杂的光谱和构象分析,确立了二氢化物具有类船式构象。形成二氢化物的成环反应是高度立体选择性的,分子内杂环并联的苯环和取代的芳环的平面夹角约为50度,但4位的芳环仍能和杂环并联的苯环发生明显的共轭效应,氮原子在这里起着关键作用。二氢化物用硼氢化钠还原,得到的四氢化物的构象是扭船式的,也是稳定的,这显然是由这个体系的结构所决定的。还原反应是立体专一性的。     

α-乙基丁酸萃取稀土元素研究

本文研究了α-乙基丁酸萃取La~(3+)、Nd~(3+)、Er~(3+)及Y~(3+)等稀土元素的反应机理。用电感偶合等离子发射光谱(ICP)测定了α-乙基丁酸萃取混合稀土时的分离因数,并观察到lgD～z的四分组效应。合成了α-乙基丁酸与钕的配合物,通过元素分析、热分析及红外光谱确定配合物化学式为NdA_3·2C_2H_5OH(A=α-乙基丁酸根)。