Sound Velocity and Release Behaviour of Shock-Compressed LY12 Al

A velocity interferometer system for any reflector (VISAR) is used to measure the sound velocity of LY12 Al shock-compressed to peak pressures of 20, 32, 55 and 71 GPa. Unloading wave velocities from these pressures are obtained from the observed particle velocity profiles at the LY12 Al/LiF window interface; and the longitudinal, bulk and shear sound velocities at the initial Hugoniot state are well determined. The histories of stress, strain, density or volume, and particle velocity along the release paths are calculated by the impedance-matching method based on the unloading sound velocity data. It is revealed that the re/ease behaviour of shocked LY12 Al departures obviously from the elastic perfectly-plastic response.     

Shear modulus of shock-compressed LY12 aluminium up to melting point

Asymmetric plate impact experiments are conducted on LY12 aluminium alloy in a pressure range of 85-131 GPa. The longitudinal sound speeds axe obtained from the time-resolved particle speed profiles of the specimen measured with Velocity Interferometer System for Any Reflector （VISAR） technique, and they are shown to be good agreement with our previously reported data of this alloy in a pressure range of 20-70 GPa, and also with those of 2024 aluminium reported by McQueen. Using all of the longitudinal speeds and the corresponding bulk speeds calculated from the Gruneisen equation of state （EOS）, shear moduli of LY12 aluminium alloy are obtained. A comparison of the shear moduli in the solid phase region with those estimated from the Steinberg model demonstrate that the latter are systematically lower than the measurements. By re-analysing the pressure effect on the shear modulus, a modified equation is proposed, in which the pressure term of P/η^1/3 in the Steinberg model is replaced by a linear term. Good agreement between experiments and the modified equation is obtained, which implies that the shear modulus of LY12 aluminium varies linearly both with pressure and with temperature throughout the whole solid phase region. On the other hand, shear modulus of aluminium in a solid-liquid mixed phrase region decreases gradually and smoothly, a feature that is very different from the drastic dropping at the melting point under static conditions.     

动态压缩下微介观物理新认识

动态压缩下材料的响应特性由于在国防科技、航空航天、能源环境等领域的应用需求而受到广泛关注。文章从传统的动态压缩实验研究方法出发,介绍了材料在平面冲击波作用下的宏观响应行为和规律性认识,并指出了传统研究方法对描述真实材料行为存在的不足以及开展微介观尺度实验物理研究的迫切需求。在该需求牵引下,简要介绍了动态X射线成像、衍射、散射等原位诊断技术,并总结了动态压缩下在塑性变形、冲击相变、层裂破坏等关键动力学过程中取得的微介观物理新认识。     

超高速发射实验及其数值分析

采用多介质流体高精度欧拉并行计算程序HVL-MFPPM,对Sandia实验室和中国工程物理研究院流体物理研究所冲击波物理与爆轰物理实验室进行的两个超高速发射实验装置进行数值模拟,前者给出的二级飞片前界面速度历史与VISAR实验测试和HVL-CTH程序计算结果一致,后者给出二级飞片稳定时的速度和飞行姿态与实验测试结果吻合,同时还给出了128个和216个CPU计算的界面形状.为进一步获得更高二级飞片速度的实验装置设计提供了理论和数值分析基础.     

冲击波作用下铝的等效剪切模量

提出了冲击波作用下通过测量沿着准弹性卸载过程纵波波速与体波波速得到等效剪切模量的方法,应用该方法对LY12铝在20—70 GPa冲击压力下的等效剪切模量进行了测量.实验结果表明,等效剪切模量随应力线性减少直至反向屈服时为零,而初始卸载时的等效剪切模量可以由修正的Steinberg-Cochran-Guinan模型进行描述.应用得到的等效剪切模量进行了初步数值模拟,计算结果与实验测量的粒子速度剖面符合很好,重现了准弹性卸载到塑性卸载的光滑过渡. 关键词： 等效剪切模量 波速 准弹性卸载 冲击波 铝