PSE在边界层中预测转捩位置的应用

层流到湍流的转捩是自然界和各项工程实践中广泛存在的现象,层流和湍流的性质大不相同．因此,预测转捩位置是流体力学中的重要理论和实际问题．针对不可压缩边界层,入口加入展向等幅值型和展向波包型两类扰动,展向等幅值型扰动是由一个二维波(2-D)和两个三维波(3-D)组成,使用抛物化稳定性方程(PSE)的方法来研究扰动的演化和预测转捩位置,并且与数值模拟的结果相比较．结果表明,PSE可以研究扰动的演化和预测转捩位置,同时其计算比数值模拟快得多．     

Effect of disturbances at inlet on hypersonic boundary layer transition on a blunt cone at small angle of attack

To investigate the effect of different disturbances in the upstream, we present numerical simulation of transition for a hypersonic boundary layer on a 5-degree half-angle blunt cone in a freestream with Mach number 6 at 1-degree angle of attack. Evolution of small disturbances is simulated to compare with the linear stability theory （LST）, indicating that LST can provide a good prediction on the growth rate of the disturbance. The effect of different disturbances on transition is investigated. Transition onset distributions along the azimuthal direction are obtained with two groups of disturbances of different frequencies. It shows that transition onset is relevant to frequencies and amplitudes of the disturbances at the inlet, and is decided by the amplitudes of most unstable waves at the inlet. According to the characteristics of environmental disturbances in most wind tunnels, we explain why transition occurs leeside-forward and windside-aft over a circular cone at an angle of attack. Moreover, the indentation phenomenon in the transition curve on the leeward is also revealed.     

超音速平板边界层转捩中层流突变为湍流的机理研究

采用空间模式,对来流Mach数为4.5的平板边界层转捩过程做了直接数值模拟．对结果进行的分析发现,在层流-湍流转捩的突变(breakdown)过程中,层流剖面得以快速转变为湍流剖面的机理在于平均剖面的修正导致了其稳定性特征的显著变化．虽然在层流下第2模态T-S波更不稳定,但在层流突变为湍流的过程中,第1模态不稳定波也起了重要作用．     

A mechanism for excitation of coherent structures in wall region of a turbulent boundary layer

Introduction Themechanismforthegenerationofcoherentstructuresinthewallregionofaturbulent boundarylayerhasalwaysbeeninconcernandinvestigated.AccordingtoTsujimotoand Miyake[1],thecharacteristicsofturbulenceinthewallregionweremainlydeterminedbythe generationandevolutionofcoherentstructures,notbythesmall_scaleturbulence.However, excitationsfromregionofy >60werefoundtobenecessary,otherwisethewallregionwould degeneratetolaminarflow.Therefore,theinvestigationofthemechanismthathowcoherent structuresi…     

模糊范畴fuz中的选择公理

Topos结构是范畴论中刻画集合论的强有力工具,AC1和AC2是topos中选择公理的两种表达形式。模糊范畴fuz不是topos,仅有一个弱topos的结构,在fuz中有两个相对应的等价的选择公理WAC1和WAC2。在此基础上,本文给出两个加强的选择公理WAC1′和WAC2′,并证明其等价性,最后给出了弱topos中的广义选择公理GWAC1′和GWAC2′的表达形式。     

流体层流运动稳定性中的Ляпунов方法

本文是[1]的继续.在本文中,利用[1]的结果我们证明了,对于流体的层流运动稳定性而言,在线性化问题中,按特征值定义与按扰动能量定义二者是完全等价的,从外,借助于Ляпунов方法,我们又证明了,如果线性化问题是渐近稳定的,当考虑非线性影响时,只要扰动能量足够小,则仍然是渐近稳定的.     

湍流边界层外区扰动激发近壁区相干结构的一种机制

应用直接数值模拟的方法,研究了湍流边界层近壁区由于外区扰动的作用而导致相干结构产生的问题．结果表明:在湍流边界层近壁区的上边界存在的速度扰动,可以在近壁区内激发出相干结构,从而完善了单个相干结构的理论模型．     

THE RE－EXAMINATION OF DETERMINING THE COEFFICIENT OF THE AMPLITUDE EVOLUTION EQUATION IN THE NONLINEAR THEORY OF THE HYDRODYNAMIC STABILITY

ＴＨＥＲＥ－ＥＸＡＭＩＮＡＴＩＯＮＯＦＤＥＴＥＲＭＩＮＩＮＧＴＨＥＣＯＥＦＦＩＣＩＥＮＴＯＦＴＨＥＡＭＰＬＩＴＵＤＥＥＶＯＬＵＴＩＯＮＥＱＵＡＴＩＯＮＩＮＴＨＥＮＯＮＬＩＮＥＡＲＴＨＥＯＲＹＯＦＴＨＥＨＹＤＲＯＤＹＮＡＭＩＣＳＴＡＢＩＬＩＴＹＬｕｏＪ...     

超音速混合层稳定性分析及增强混合的研究

利用流动稳定性提高超音速混合层的混合效率,对于提高超音速流的高效混合是一个有效途径。研究结果表明,有展向曲率的三维混合层中,三维扰动的增长率很大,且法向的掺混能力也较强,可以有效地增强混合。对于高马赫数来流的超音速混合层,这一特性依然存在,这将有利于提高高超音速混合层的混合能力。     

Evolution of a 2-D disturbance in a supersonic boundary layer and the generation of shocklets

Through direct numerical simulation, the evolution of a 2-D disturbance in a supersonic boundary layer has been investigated. At a chosen location, a small amplitude T-S wave was fed into the boundary layer to investigate its evolution. Characteristics of nonlinear evolution have been found. Two methods were applied for the detection of shocklets, and it was found that when the amplitude of the disturbance reached a certain value, shocklets would be generated, which should be taken into consideration when nonlinear theory of hydrodynamic stability for compressible flows is to be established.