Neutron Spectroscopy Evidence for a Possible Magnetic-Field-Induced Gapless Quantum-Spin-Liquid Phase in a Kitaev Material α-RuCl3

As one of the most promising Kitaev quantum-spin-liquid（QSL） candidates,α-RuCl₃ has received a great deal of attention.However,its ground state exhibits a long-range zigzag magnetic order,which defies the QSL phase.Nevertheless,the magnetic order is fragile and can be completely suppressed by applying an external magnetic field.Here,we explore the evolution of magnetic excitations of α-RuCl₃ under an in-plane magnetic field,by carrying out inelastic neutron scattering measu...     

忆阻类脑计算

随着深度学习的高速发展,目前智能算法的飞速更新迭代对硬件算力提出了很高的要求.受限于摩尔定律的告竭以及冯·诺伊曼瓶颈,传统CMOS集成无法满足硬件算力提升的迫切需求.利用新型器件忆阻器构建神经形态计算系统可以实现存算一体,拥有极高的并行度和超低功耗的特点,被认为是解决传统计算机架构瓶颈的有效途径,受到了全世界的广泛关注.本文按照自下而上的顺序,首先综述了主流忆阻器的器件结构、物理机理,并比较分析了它们的性能特性.然后,介绍了近年来忆阻器实现人工神经元和人工突触的进展,包括具体的电路形式和神经形态功能的模拟.接着,综述了无源和有源忆阻阵列的结构形式以及它们在神经形态计算中的应用,具体包括基于神经网络的手写数字和人脸识别等.最后总结了目前忆阻类脑计算从底层到顶层所遇到的挑战,并对该领域后续的发展进行了展望.     

Increasing the efficiency of post-selection in direct measurement of the quantum wave function

Direct weak or strong measurement of quantum wave function based on post-selections has been widely explored; however, the efficiency of the measurement is heavily limited by the success probability of post-selection. Here we propose a modified scheme to directly measure photon's wave function by simply inserting a liquid crystal plate before the post-selection stage. Numerical simulations demonstrate that our modified method can significantly increase the efficiency of post selection. Our proposal would speed up the quantum wave function measurement with high resolution and high fidelity.     

基于四极杆-飞行时间质谱的非标记蛋白定量检测方法学研究

以四极杆飞行时间质谱检测的蛋白肽段的质谱信息为基础,开发了一种简单、准确的蛋白定性、定量检测方法,并用于牛血清白蛋白的定性、定量检测。对酶解肽段的梯度洗脱条件和流速等液相色谱条件进行了优化;进行蛋白样品的酶解及质谱检测,利用MassHunter定量软件对数据进行分析;为减少假阳性结果的出现,实验优化了数据处理软件中的设置参数,并对方法的重现性进行了考察。结果显示,重复检测的8个肽段峰面积的RSD均在3.0%以下。该方法对牛血清白蛋白的检出限为100 ng。实验发现,样品中蛋白的含量与检测到的肽段匹配率呈对数关系,并从检测到的丰度较高的8个肽段中确定可用于BSA蛋白定性检测的肽段为:HLVDEPQNLIK,定量检测的肽段为:ATEEQLK,方法的回收率为106%。该方法操作简便,检测快速,成本较低,专一性强,可用于蛋白特异性肽段的筛选及复杂生物样品中蛋白的检测。     

T型微通道装置制备单分散PLGA微球

利用微通道法乳化技术原理,研制了一个可拆卸T型玻璃微通道装置,以聚乙烯醇水溶液为连续相,聚(乳酸-co-羟基乙酸)(PLGA)的二氯甲烷溶液为分散相,制备了单分散的PLGA微球.考察了乳化剂用量、连续相和分散相流速以及PLGA浓度对形成的液滴平均粒径和变异系数(CV值)的影响.结果表明,增大乳化剂用量,提高连续相流速或降低分散相流速,制备得到的PLGA微球直径减小;分散相浓度在5～20 g/L之间变化时,其对微球直径的影响有限.PLGA微球表面光滑无孔,且内部是实心的.用本装置制备得到的PLGA微球,其粒径范围在30～200μm之间,CV值在15%以下,最低可至3%.该方法可使用挥发性有机溶剂作为分散相而且能避免微球制备时易堵塞等问题,可应用于药物缓控释领域中微米级单分散微球的制备.     

基于长周期光纤光栅载边比连续可调的单边带调制光载无线通信系统

提出了一种基于长周期光纤光栅(LPFG)载边比(CSR)连续可调的单边带调制光载无线通信(RoF)系统。其核心单元是由偏振控制器(PC)、偏振分束器(PBS)、两个平行的长周期光纤光栅和偏振合束器(PBC)构成的载边比调节单元。通过调节偏振控制器输出的偏振角度,就可以实现载边比的连续可调。进一步分析了调制指数、长周期光纤光栅透射率峰值和马赫-曾德尔调制器消光比对载边比的影响。仿真结果与理论分析结果具有很好的一致性。经40km标准单模光纤(SMF)传输后的仿真实验表明,当载边比由13.22dB调节到5.4dB后,系统灵敏度提高了5.7dB。     

基于双目立体视觉的视线跟踪系统标定

针对使用主动红外光的视线跟踪系统存在的限制,构建了在自然光条件下允许头部自然移动的视线跟踪系统,该系统通过双目立体视觉系统获取眼睛特征参数,在三维空间中重构眼睛视线向量来估计眼睛的视线。通过头戴式标定板来估计头部姿态,减少了视线跟踪过程中头部移动带来的误差影响;提出了一种视线跟踪系统中个人参数的标定方法,该方法先假定眼睛视轴与光轴重合,由此计算出眼球的中心、半径、眼睛视轴与光轴的夹角的初始估计值,用非线性优化算法对这些初始值进行优化。通过实验表明,提出的视线跟踪算法对使用者限制较少,同时具有较高的视线估计精度,能满足很多视线跟踪应用场合的需要。     

创建新的大学物理实验课程教学体系

立足于我校大学物理实验课程教学所出现和面临的问题,探讨大学物理实验课程教学的体系架构和实施方案,提出了适合普通高校大学物理实验课程的教学模式。对普通高校大学物理实验课程的教学改革与实践创新具有现实的借鉴意义。     

Effect of high-temperature annealing on AlN thin film grown by metalorganic chemical vapor deposition

The effect of high-temperature annealing on AlN thin film grown by metalorganic chemical vapor deposition was investigated using atomic force microscopy, Raman spectroscopy, and deep ultra-violet photoluminescence(PL) with the excitation wavelength as short as ～ 177 nm. Annealing experiments were carried out in either N2 or vacuum atmosphere with the annealing temperature ranging from 1200℃ to 1600℃. It is found that surface roughness reduced and compressive strain increased with the annealing temperature increasing in both annealing atmospheres. As to optical properties,a band-edge emission peak at 6.036 eV and a very broad emission band peaking at about 4.7 eV were observed in the photoluminescence spectrum of the as-grown sample. After annealing, the intensity of the band-edge emission peak varied with the annealing temperature and atmosphere. It is also found that a much stronger emission band ranging from 2.5 eV to 4.2 eV is superimposed on the original spectra by annealing in either N2 or vacuum atmosphere. We attribute these deep-level emission peaks to the VAL–ONcomplex in the AlN material.     

Propagation modeling of ocean-scattered low-elevation GPS signals for maritime tropospheric duct inversion

The maritime tropospheric duct is a low-altitude anomalous refractivity structure over the ocean surface,and it can significantly affect the performance of many shore-based/shipboard radar and communication systems.We propose the idea that maritime tropospheric ducts can be retrieved from ocean forward-scattered low-elevation global positioning system(GPS) signals.Retrieval is accomplished by matching the measured power patterns of the signals to those predicted by the forward propagation model as a function of the modified refractivity profile.On the basis of a parabolic equation method and bistatic radar equation,we develop such a forward model for computing the trapped propagation characteristics of an ocean forward-scattered GPS signal within a tropospheric duct.A new GPS scattering initial field is defined for this model to start the propagation modeling.A preliminary test on the performance of this model is conducted using measured data obtained from a 2009-experiment in the South China Sea.Results demonstrate that this model can predict GPS propagation characteristics within maritime tropospheric ducts and serve as a forward model for duct inversion.