SMA短纤维增强复合材料在热载下的相交特性

在形状记忆合金（ＳＭＡ）复合材料研究中,相变特性的研究是一个主要的工作．基于Ｅｓｈｅｌｂｙ的等效夹杂模型和Ｍｏｒｉ和Ｔａｎａｋａ的场平均法,考虑到ＳＭＡ材料的强物理非线性,发展了增量型的等效夹杂模型（ＩｎｃｒｅｍｅｎｔａｌＥｑｕｉｖａｌｅｎｔＩｎｃｌｕｓｉｏｎＭｏｄｅｌ）．考虑在某一温度循环条件下讨论形状记忆合金短纤维增强的铝基复合材料在热载下的相变行为．特别研究了ＳＭＡ短纤维复合材料在变温过程中纤维几何尺寸、体积分数等参数对ＳＭＡ复合材料的相变行为和ＳＭＡ内残余应力等的影响．这些工作对于指导材料设计和了解ＳＭＡ复合材料热机械特性是颇有意义的．     

含裂纹圆柱薄壳的动态特性试验研究

利用时间平均法分别拍摄了含轴向和环向裂纹圆柱薄壳的激光全息振型图,讨论了裂纹对圆柱薄壳振型及固有频率的影响,把含裂纹壳体的振型分为三个区,即：裂纹周围的局部振动区,壳体原振动区和过渡区. 并着重分析了局部振动的特征,得出了局部振动有着自己的独有振形和固有频率的结论,从而很好解释了含裂纹圆柱薄壳的复杂振型图及固有频率的反常变化.     

剪切力作用下螺位错的运动

利用分子动力学方法研究了金属钨中螺位错在剪切力作用下的运动特性.根据弹性理论在BCC晶体中形成位错线沿的螺位错,在合适的边界条件下获得平衡态的位错结构.发现位错由{110}平面沿方向三个呈对称的皱褶组成.对平衡态结构施加剪切力,发现剪力很小时,位错核心不动,核心形状有畸变;当剪力增大到一定程度时位错开始运动.位错运动后,剪切力较小时,核心呈"之"字形运动;在较大剪力下,位错开始阶段呈"之"字形运动,一段距离后主要沿[(2)11]方向作直线运动.位错运动的速度随着剪切力的增加而增大.     

基于压电导率特性识别结构裂纹方法的研究

基于粘贴于外部主体裂纹在压电陶瓷片导率的变化,实验提取出梁系统的变民模态频率。建立了考虑压电陶瓷片影响的裂纹梁的特性方程,根据裂纹梁的固有频率的变化,采用剪切弹簧模拟裂纹的方法,进行了裂纹的识别,结果表明满足一定的识别精度。     

粘弹性大变形动力响应的有限元分析

本文基于Ｔｏｔａｌ Ｌａｇｒａｎｇｉａｎ增量叠加方法，采用Ｋｉｒｃｈｈｏｆｆ应力增量和Ｇｒｅｅｎ应变增量表示的动力虚功方程和Ｋｉｒｃｈｈｏｆｆ应力－Ｇｒｅｅｎ应变的单积分型本构关系，导出粘弹性大变形的动力变分方程。依此采用Ｎｅｗｍａｒｋ法和八节点轴对称等参数元与二十节点三维等参数元编制了轴对称及三维问题的动力响应计算程序，典型例题的计算结果表明分析符合结构的物理性质。     

有限长压电层合简支板自由振动的三维精确解

基于三维弹性理论和压电理论，导出了有限长矩形压电层合简支板的动力学方程及相应的边界条件，给出了一种求解压电层合板自由振动三维精确解的方法；分析了正、逆向压电效应对层合板振动频率的影响．本文所述的方法和结果对于求解其他三维动态问题，验证、比较其他简化模型、有限元计算结果以及工程应用都有指导意义．     

SCATTERING OF ANTI-PLANE SHEAR WAVES BY A SINGLE CRACK IN AN UNBOUNDED TRANSVERSELY ISOTROPIC ELECTRO-MAGNETO-ELASTIC MEDIUM

A theoretical treatment of the scattering of anti-plane shear (SH) waves is provided by a single crack in an unbounded transversely isotropic electro-magneto-elastic medium. Based on the differential equations of equilibrium, electric displacement and magnetic induction intensity differential equations, the governing equations for SH waves were obtained. By means of a linear transform, the governing equations were reduced to one Helmholtz and two Laplace equations. The Cauchy singular integral equations were gained by making use of Fourier transform and adopting electro-magneto imperme ableboundary conditions. The closed form expression for the resulting stress intensity factor at the crack was achieved by solving the appropriate singular integral equations using Chebyshev polynomial. Typical examples are provided to show the loading frequency upon the local stress fields around the crack tips. The study reveals the importance of the electro-magneto-mechanical coupling terms upon the resulting dynamic stress intensity factor.     

具有翼形、唇形缺陷的薄板的弯曲问题

薄板,是工程结构中的重要部件之一。研究薄板在弯曲载荷作用下,缺陷尖端附近的应力场和应力强度因子,不仅有理论意义,而且具有一定的实用价值。1952年Williams对拉伸载荷下,板中缺陷角点处的应力奇异性作了定性的讨论,并指出薄板弯曲时,角点附近具有类似的奇异性。1961年,Williams利用特征值展开方法详细导出了弯曲时直线裂纹尖端的应力表达式。与拉伸情况相同,尖端附近     

面外剪切下各向异性三相椭圆夹杂中均匀应力

论证了只要合适选择中间界面层的弹性常数, 各向异性线弹性固体在远场均匀反平面剪切应力作用下三相椭圆夹杂内椭圆上仍存在均匀应力场. 讨论了内外两椭圆除过其中心相同外无其它任何几何限制条件. 所给出的数值算例显示出该结论的正确性. 该方法为纤维增强复合材料的设计提供了一条新途径.     

MD simulation of a copper rod under thermal shock

In this paper, thermoelastic problem of onedimensional copper rod under thermal shock is simulated using molecular dynamics method by adopting embedded atom method potential. The rod is on axis x, the left outermost surface of which is traction free and the right outermost surface is fixed. Free boundary condition is imposed on the outermost surfaces in direction y and z. The left and right ends of the rod are subjected to hot and cold baths, respectively. Temperature, displacement and stress distributions are obtained along the rod at different moments, which are shown to be limited in the mobile region, indicating that the heat propagation speed is limited rather than infinite. This is consistent with the prediction given by generalized thermoelastic theory. From simulation results we find that the speed of heat conduction is the same as the speed of thermal stress wave. In the present paper, the simulations are conducted using the large-scale atomic/molecular massively parallel simulator and completed visualization software.