动态法测杨氏模量实验的探索与改进

本文的主要工作有:分析了国内外杨氏模量测量的原理与方法;把测量装置由悬挂法改为支撑法,增加了实验棒的长度(原实验棒长度16 cm,新实验棒长度23 cm),扩大了数据的测量范围;移动支架置于导轨上,可直接在导轨标尺上准确读数,每隔3 mm测一次数据,数据增多;组装调试实验装置,测量了黄铜、纯铜、钛三种材料的杨氏模量并进行数据处理,将改进后实验系统测得的结果和原实验系统测得的结果以公认值进行比较,完善了改进后实验系统的教学功能。     

~(236)U Multi-modal Fission Paths on a Five-dimensional Deformation Surface

In this paper, we develop a new path search algorithm which considers all the degrees of freedom and apply it on our calculated five-dimensional potential energy surface(PES) of~(236) U. Asymmetric and symmetric fission paths and barriers are obtained.     

Multi-modal analysis for low energy neutron-induced fission of ~(235)U

Low energy neutron induced fission of 235U is studied in the framework of the multi-modal fission model. The fission fragment properties, such as the yields, the average total kinetic energy distribution and the average neutron separation energy, are investigated for incident neutron energies from thermal to 6.0 MeV. The multi-modal fission approach is also used to evaluate the prompt fission neutron multiplicity and spectra for the neutron-induced fission of 235U with an improved version of the Los Alamos ...     

Theoretical study of molecular hydrogen and spiltover hydrogen storage on two-dimensional covalent-organic frameworks

Molecular hydrogen and spiltover hydrogen storages on five two-dimensional （2D） covalent-organic frameworks （COFs） （PPy-COF, TP-COF, BTP-COF, COF-18 A, and HHTP-DPB COF） are investigated using the grand canonical Monte Carlo （GCMC） simulations and the density functional theory （DFT）, respectively. The GCMC simulated results show that HHTP-DPB COF has the best performance for hydrogen storage, followed by BTP-COF, TP-COF, COF-18 A, and PPy-COE However, their adsorption amounts at room temperature are all too low to meet the uptake target set by US Department of Energy （US-DOE） and enable practical applications. The effects of pore size, surface area, and isosteric heat of hydrogen on adsorption amount are considered, which indicate that these three factors are all the important factors for determining the H2 adsorption amount. The chemisorptions of spiltover hydrogen atoms on these five COFs represented by the cluster models are investigated using the DFT method. The saturation cluster models are constructed by considering all possible adsorption sites for these cluster models. The average binding energy of a hydrogen atom and the saturation hydrogen storage density are calculated. The large average binding energy indicates that the spillover process may pro- ceed smoothly and reversibly. The saturation hydrogen storage density is much larger than the physisorption uptake of H2 molecules at 298 K and 100 bar （1 bar = 105 Pa）, and is close to or exceeds the 2010 US-DOE target of 6 wt% for hydrogen storage. This suggests that the hydrogen storage capacities of these COFs by spillover may be significantly enhanced. Thus 2D COFs studied in this paper are suitable hydrogen storage media by spillover.     

PVA栅绝缘层浓度对P3HT有机场效应晶体管性能的影响

采用溶液制备法制备了用PVA作为绝缘层、P3HT作为有源层的有机场效应晶体管,,研究了不同浓度PVA栅绝缘层对器件性能的影响。实验结果显示,以质量分数为8%的PVA溶液制备的栅绝缘层具有最好的性能,器件的场效应迁移率为0.31 cm²·V^-1·s^-1,阈值电压为-6 V。进一步分析了PVA栅绝缘层浓度对器件性能提高的原因,结果表明,对于制备溶液化的有机场效应晶体管,选取合适的PVA栅绝缘层浓度非常重要。     

离轴三反射望远镜遮光罩设计与杂光分析

分析了离轴三反射望远镜的杂散光特性,给出了遮光罩设计的基本原则并进行了初步的设计.根据系统所要探测到的极限星等,通过计算得到了望远镜光学系统的点源透射比所必需满足的条件;在Tracepro杂光分析软件中建模,在方位角为0°、45°、90°、135°和180°时分别对0.1°～80°之间共15个离轴角度进行了光线追迹,通过计算得到了系统的PST曲线.结果表明,系统PST整体上是下降的且在离轴角30°以后接近指标要求,但在方位角0°和180°时,PST曲线在个别角度有突增的现象,通过光线追迹数据,得到了主要的杂光传输路径,提出了对遮光罩的修改方案并对其进行了修改.最后对改进后的系统重新进行了仿真分析.仿真结果表明,系统的杂光抑制能力达到了指标要求.     

新型二茂铁异噁唑啉衍生物的合成及其电化学性能

二茂铁基α,β-不饱和烯酮与腈氧化物发生1,3-偶极环加成反应合成了7个3-取代苯基-4-苯基-5-二茂铁甲酰基异噁唑啉(4a～4g),产率中等,其结构经1H NMR, IR和MS表征.通过循环伏安曲线研究了4的电化学性能,结果表明,苯环上的取代基对4的氧化还原电位有一定影响.     

壳聚糖/明胶/TiO2三元复合膜的制备与功能特性

纳米TiO2用阴离子表面改性剂SDS改性后,以溶液共混法制备了壳聚糖／明胶/TiO2复合膜,用FTIR、XRD、SEM、TEM表征了其结构与形态,并测试了其吸水率、透光率、力学性能和抑菌性能。进而探讨了复合膜中明胶和纳米TiO2含量对壳聚糖膜性能的影响。结果表明：复合膜中,壳聚糖、明胶和TiO2微粒间存在强烈的氢键相互作用,从而使明胶与壳聚糖具有良好的相容性,TiO2与壳聚糖、明胶分子间有很好的界面作用。适量TiO2的加入,可使壳聚糖／明胶共混膜的力学性能得到改善,明胶质量分数为0．30时,掺杂wTiO2为0．01、0．02的复合膜较壳聚糖／明胶共混膜的湿强及干态韧性分别提高了55．9％,40．8％和49．7％,47．9％。此外,复合膜的抑菌性能随明胶的增加而降低,但随TiO2的掺杂比的增加而增强,纳米TiO2的引入拓宽了壳聚糖和明胶两种天然高分子材料的应用范围。     

10-甲基-PGD2的合成子的合成

PGD2的合成子(9)的合成是以2-甲基环戊1,3-二酮(1)为原料, 经烯醇醚化、烯丙基化、酸去保护、羰基的锂铝氢还原、臭氧化、氧化、甲酰化获得.     

热处理对La4MgNi19储氢电极合金结构和性能的影响

以感应熔炼和不同的热处理工艺制备了La₄MgNi₁₉合金, 用X射线衍射(XRD)和电化学测试系统研究了该合金的相结构和电化学性能. 结构分析表明: 当热处理工艺为900 °C+水淬时, 合金主要由CaCu₅结构的LaNi₅相和少量未知相组成; 当热处理工艺为900 °C退火时, 合金主要由Pr₅Co₁₉、Ce₅Co₉结构的(La, Mg)₅Ni₁₉相及少量CaCu₅结构的LaNi₅相组成. 淬火和退火后合金的电化学循环稳定性(S₁₀₀)分别为49.7%及76.0%, 合金电极的电化学性能和相结构密切相关. 退火热处理有利于生成Pr₅Co₁₉、Ce₅Co₉型相. 在La-Mg-Ni 系储氢合金中, La₄MgNi₁₉合金电化学循环稳定性不及La₃MgNi₁₄合金.