P调控Pd的电子结构实现高效电解水析氢反应的性能分析

电解水制氢具有高效环保、制备的氢气纯度高等优点。氢析出反应作为电解水的半反应之一,需要高效、低成本的电催化剂。钯基催化剂作为氢析出反应电催化剂之一,在电催化析氢反应(HER)中通常表现出低活性,主要原因是H与Pd形成的强的Pd—H键使得吸附H原子(H_ad)的电化学脱附速度很慢,阻碍析氢反应的发生。本研究设计并合成了均一分散的磷化钯纳米颗粒(Pd₃P)嵌入在氮磷共掺杂碳材料表面(Pd₃P/NPC)的高效催化剂。当电流密度为10 mA/cm²时,Pd₃P/NPC呈现11 mV的过电势,优于商业Pd/C和Pt/C,并且具有高稳定性。在过电势20 mV时,此催化剂的翻转频率(5.95 H₂/s)高于商业Pt/C和Pd/C催化剂。实验结果表明,P原子进入Pd纳米晶体会形成Pd—P键,改变Pd(0)和PdⅡ含量,使得Pd的电子结构重构,促进H原子的脱附;同时P的引入增加了活性位点,提高了本征活性。     

SIGN-CHANGING SOLUTIONS FOR THE NONLINEAR SCHR?DINGER-POISSON SYSTEM WITH CRITICAL GROWTH

In this paper,we study the following Schrodinger-Poisson system with critical growth:■We establish the existence of a positive ground state solution and a least energy sign-changing solution,providing that the nonlinearity f is super-cubic,subcritical and that the potential V(x) has a potential well.     

速度估计模型在大涡模拟中的应用

介绍了速度估计模型的基本思想及其在物理空间的实现。速度估计模型依靠湍流大尺度的非线性作用估计出小尺度,从而可直接求解亚格子应力项而不需要额外的模型。本文采用该模型对不同雷诺数下的各向同性衰减湍流进行了模拟,并与直接数值模拟、理论分析和其他亚格子模型的大涡模拟结果进行了比较。也初步考察了网格分辨率、不同精度的紧致格式对大涡模拟结果的影响。     

Study of numerical errors in direct numerical simulation and large eddy simulation

By comparing the energy spectrum and total kinetic energy, the effects of numerical errors (which arise from aliasing and discretization errors), subgrid-scale (SGS) models, and their interactions on direct numerical simulation (DNS) and large eddy simulation (LES) are investigated. The decaying isotropic turbulence is chosen as the test case. To simulate complex geometries, both the spectral method and Pade compact difference schemes are studied. The truncated Navier-Stokes (TNS) equation model with Pade discrete filter is adopted as the SGS model. It is found that the discretization error plays a key role in DNS. Low order difference schemes may be unsuitable. However, for LES, it is found that the SGS model can represent the effect of small scales to large scales and dump the numerical errors. Therefore, reasonable results can also be obtained with a low order discretization scheme.     

Experimental realization of quantum controlled teleportation of arbitrary two-qubit state via a five-qubit entangled state

Quantum controlled teleportation is the transmission of the quantum state under the supervision of a third party. This paper presents the theoretical and experimental results of an arbitrary two-qubit quantum controlled teleportation scheme, in which the sender Alice only needs to perform two Bell state measurements and the receiver Bob can perform an appropriate unitary operation to reconstruct the arbitrary two-qubit states under the control of the supervisor Charlie. The operation process of the scheme is verified on the IBM quantum experience platform, and the accuracy of the transmitted quantum state is further checked by performing quantum state tomography. Meanwhile, a good fidelity is obtained by using the theoretical density matrix and the experimental density matrix. A sequence of photonic states is introduced to analyze the possible intercept-replace-resend, intercept-measure-resend, and entanglement-measure-resend attacks on this scheme. The results proved that our scheme is highly secure.