高等别线纹尺中心线提取算法的研究

受制造技术、磨损以及污染等因素影响,对线纹尺大批量自动化检定技术的实现存在较大困难。在线纹尺特征的基础上,针对边缘对比度高但噪声严重的线纹尺,先边缘初定位将图像处理区域限制在线纹边缘区域,再边缘精定位,寻找边缘区域灰度变化最大的点,剔除不连续的边缘点后拟合边缘线,实现线纹中心线的提取。针对自身变形导致成像模糊的线纹尺,背景区域与线纹区域分别求取各列灰度均值,再利用最小二乘拟合直线求交点实现线纹中心线提取。对高等别三等标准线纹米尺多次检定,结果表明,同一刻线最大差值为1.4μm,标准差为0.66μm,提出的算法鲁棒性好,满足高等别线纹尺的检定要求。     

FBG分布式非均匀应变重构准确度分析研究

以剥层算法为基础,分别从非均匀解调应变大小、重构算法的特征参量以及光栅初始结构参量等对光纤布喇格光栅应变重构准确度的影响进行相关研究分析.结果表明:工作长度为5~30mm的光纤布喇格光栅最佳应变解调在3 000με以内,在该应变解调范围内,保持光栅剥层的分层长度为0.1mm左右时,应变重构准确度和效率较优,折射率调制幅度越小,应变重构误差越小;同时,对于非均匀应变检测使用的强光栅,折射率调制幅度约为0.000 12时,应变检测结果最好.本文的研究结果对提高非均匀应变的重构准确度具有重要的指导意义.     

Two Ni~Ⅱ/Cu~Ⅱ Coordination Polymers Based on Pyridyl-carboxylate Ligand: Synthesis,Crystal Structures and Magnetic Properties

Under hydrothermal conditions, the reactions of Ni~Ⅱ/Cu~Ⅱ ions with 3-(6-aminpyridinium-3-yl) benzoate(HL) afford two compounds [NiL 2]n(1) and [Cu L2(H2 O)]n(2). On the basis of X-ray diffraction analysis of the two compounds, the results show that compound 1 features one-dimensional(1 D) double-strand coordination arrays, while 2 presents the 63-hcb layers. Both compounds are further constructed into a 3 D supramolecular structure with the aid of weak secondary interactions. Thermal stabilities and magnetic properties of compounds 1 and 2 were also investigated.     

一种新的制备纳米γ-MnO2的方法--超声辐射氧化还原法

将超声辐射引入以KMnO₄和MnSO₄为原料的制备MnO₂的氧化还原反应体系,借助XRD,ICP,XPS,TEM及IP等技术对产物进行了表征.结果表明,施加超声辐射对该反应体系有显著影响,可获得含K⁺量极低、分布均匀、粒径只有10 nm左右的近似球形γ-MnO₂粉体,同时,证实未施加超声辐射的普通氧化还原沉淀法获得的锰氧化合物实际是KMn₈O₁₆,K⁺进入了确定的晶格位置,无法洗脱将其除去.     

结构健康监测中的传感器布置方法及评价准则

综述了结构健康监测中常用的传感器布置方法及其评价准则研究的最新进展. 重点分析了几种常用 传感器布置方法间数学本质上的内在联系, 尤其是讨论了有效独立法与模态动能法之间的关系、有效独立法 与QR 分解法和MinMAC 法的区别与联系. 通过一个梯形结构对比了各种传感器的布置方法所给出的传感 器位置组合. 讨论了目前常用的5 种传感器布置方法评价准则, 并阐明其中两个准则与作者所提出准则间的关系.      

Novel Hydrogen-bonded Three-dimensional Supramolecular Architectures Containing 2D Honeycomb Networks or 2D Grids

Two new supramolecular complexes,[Cu(H_2dhbd)(3-pyOH)(H_2O)]_2·3-pyOH·2H_2O(1)and[Cu_2(dhbd)(dpa)_2-(H_2O)]·6H_2O(2)(H_4dhbd=2,3-dihydroxybutanedioic acid,3-pyOH=3-hydroxypyddine,dpa=2,2'-dipyridylamine),have been synthesized in aqueous solution and characterized by single-crystal X-ray diffraction,elemental analyses,UV-Vis and IR spectra,and TGA analysis.X-ray structural analysis revealed that,through four pairs of strong O…H—O hydrogen bonds,the cyclic dinuclear units in 1 together with four adjacent neighbors are connected into a 2Dhoneycomb network encapsulating free 3-pyOH ligands.Unexpectedly,the water-dimers are fixed in interlayers of2D honeycomb network and act as hydrogen-bond bridging to further extend these 2D networks into 3D hydro-gen-bonded framework.Complex 2 includes interesting 2D grids constructed from chiral dinuclear units throughstrong O…H—O and O…H—N hydrogen bonding,which are extended through other crystallization water mole-cules into three dimension with channels.Variable-temperature magnetic susceptibility measurements for bothcomplexes indicate the presence of weak antiferromagnetic exchange interactions between adjacent copper(Ⅱ)ions.     

单扫描极谱法测定土壤、蔬菜、水样中痕量氟

本文采用三电极系统,在0.08mol/L盐酸条件下,利用氟对锆(-水杨基荧光酮(SAF)-十六烷基三甲基溴化铵(CTMAB)三元络合体系的竞争抑制,用单扫描极谱法测定多样品中的痕量氟。最佳底液条件是:0.8mg/LZr(-1.4×10-4mol/L(SAF)-8.0×10-6mol/L(CTMAB)。其起始电位为-0.25V,峰电位在-0.65V(vs.SCE)左右,测氟的线性范围为40～640μg/L。检出限为2.0μg/L。本方法具有反应快、重现性好、检测灵敏、选择性好、操作方便的特点。本法适用于土壤,水样及蔬菜中微量氟的测定。用单扫描极谱法研究了氟的极谱行为,证明了该波为不可逆还原吸附波,讨论了电极反应机理。     

Cu(Ⅱ)源对铜系氧化物催化分解H2O2活性的影响

Copper oxides were prepared by direct heating and decomposing copper(Ⅱ) salts, such as Cu 2(OH) 2CO 3, Cu(NO 3) 2·3H 2O, Cu 2C 6H 4O 7·2 5H 2O, CuC 2O 4·2H 2O and CuAc 2·H 2O. The phase, surface area and catalytic activity of the oxides for H 2O 2 decomposition were investigated by means of XRD and BET measurements. It has been demonstrated that the characteristics of copper oxides obtained from different precursors are much different from each other. Monocomponent nano CuO, which has higher catalytic activity for H 2O 2 decomposition, can be prepared by direct heating and decomposing Cu 2(OH) 2CO 3. On the other hand, CuO in the decomposition products of the organic acid copper can be partially reduced to Cu 2O and Cu in the reducing atmosphere, and the Cu 2O component in the products has higher catalytic activity for H 2O 2 decomposition.     

超声辐射水解法制备α-Fe2O3纳米粒子

与普通大颗粒Fe2O3相比,纳米尺寸Fe2O3粉体因具有表面效应,小尺寸效应和宏观量子隧道效应而具有奇特的物理和化学性能,从而在磁性、气敏、催化、染料、抗腐蚀等领域显示出广阔的应用前景,所以纳米Fe2O3的制备方法倍受关注[1-3]。尽管不少学者采用溶胶-凝胶法、电化学合成法、微波辐射法、燃烧合成法、水热法等[4-8]方法成功合成出了高质量的Fe2O3纳米粉体,然而探索如何获得尺寸可控、高纯度、高分散和稳定均一的Fe2O3纳米粉体仍然是材料科学领域的目标之一。近年来,超声波应用于纳米材料的合成领域己取得了可喜的进展,并引起了材料科学…