荧光光谱法研究卟啉与金属离子配位反应机理初探

本文用荧光光谱法初步研究了卟啉与金属离子配位反应机理和部分催化剂的催化机理.实验发现,在一定条件下,卟啉以一种与其主要存在形式不同的变形体H₂P^*存在,根据H₂P^*的存在和产生的条件,对卟啉与金属离子配位反应的一般条件作出了较为满意的阐述.     

铜(Ⅰ)-3,5-二溴-PADAT-十二烷基硫酸钠显色体系的分光光度法研究

本文研究了在阴离子表面活性剂十二烷基硫酸钠(简称SLS)存在下,铜(Ⅰ)与5[(3,5-二溴-2-吡啶)偶氮]-2,4-二氨基甲苯(简称3,5-二溴-PADAT)的显色反应和光度特性,试验了用该体系测定微量铜的条件和方法。     

固态图像传感器的电离辐射响应均匀性

研究并对比了6类电荷耦合器件和互补金属氧化物半导体图像传感器的辐射响应均匀性。设计辐射实验,对像素阵列中响应信号在不同统计区域内的像素值增量平均值和非均匀度进行分析与讨论,重点研究了各类固态图像传感器像素阵列全局、区域和代表像元的辐射响应均匀性。实验结果表明:在稳态γ射线辐射场辐照条件下,帧图像中的响应信号增量并非固定值;像素阵列各区域内响应信号的均匀性不因辐照剂量率的变化而变化,对于相同的图像传感器,辐射在任意帧图像中产生辐射响应信号的分布与像素阵列中任意像素在多帧图像中出现辐射响应的分布相同,但由于传感器的本底噪声存在差异,单个像元、区域像素的统计结果与全局存在偏差。本研究为提高基于图像传感器的γ射线辐射探测技术,实现无遮光条件下在线辐射探测提供了理论依据和数据支持。     

Measurements of aerosol distribution by an elastic-backscatter lidar in summer 2008 in Beijing

Elastic lidar observations of profiles of the aerosol extinction, backscattering coefficients, and the lidar ratio have been performed in Beijing. The elastic lidar transmitts wavelengths of 532 and 355 nm. The measurement altitude can reach up to 6 km. The similarity of the extinction and baekscattering profiles suggests a close relation between the mean transmission and reflection properties. The lidar ratio on July 22, 2008 varied from 10 to 30 sr with the mean value of 20 sr. The profiles of the aerosol properties indicate the cirrus at 6 km altitude and a well-mixed boundary layer from July 22 to 24, 2008. The detected boundary layer also agrees well with the high and stable ozone concentration obtained from the differential optical absorption spectroscopy （DOAS） system.     

Tunable charge density wave in TiS_3 nanoribbons

Recently, modifications of charge density wave(CDW) in two-dimensional(2D) show intriguing properties in quasi-2D materials such as layered transition metal dichalcogenides(TMDCs). Optical, electrical transport measurements and scanning tunneling microscopy uncover the enormous difference on the many-body states when the thickness is reduced down to monolayer. However, the CDW in quasi-one-dimensional(1D) materials like transition metal trichalcogenides(TMTCs) is yet to be explored in low dimension whose mechanism is likely distinct from their quasi-2D counterparts.Here, we report a systematic study on the CDW properties of titanium trisulfide(TiS_3). Two phase transition temperatures were observed to decrease from 53 K(103 K) to 46 K(85 K) for the bulk and 15-nm thick nanoribbon, respectively,which arises from the increased fluctuation effect across the chain in the nanoribbon structure, thereby destroying the CDW coherence. It also suggests a strong anisotropy of CDW states in quasi-1D TMTCs which is different from that in TMDCs.Remarkably, by using back gate of-30 V ～ 70 V in 15-nm device, we can tune the second transition temperature from110 K(at-30 V) to 93 K(at 70 V) owing to the altered electron concentration. Finally, the optical approach through the impinging of laser beams on the sample surface is exploited to manipulate the CDW transition, where the melting of the CDW states shows a strong dependence on the excitation energy. Our results demonstrate TiS_3 as a promising quasi-1D CDW material and open up a new window for the study of collective phases in TMTCs.     

优化教学程序 提高高考化学复习的效度

从如何解读《考试说明》,严控高三化学复习的范围;如何研究近两年全国各地的高考试题,提高高三化学复习的针对性;如何捕捉学生的化学知识薄弱点与盲点;如何提高高三化学复习课的效度;如何狠抓“三化”,提高学生的答题效率与成功率等方面介绍了进行高考复习的成功经验。     

Continuous Method for Describing Dendrite Evolution During Solidification

A continuous method is presented to deal with the discontinuous physical properties on both sides of solid/liquld interface during the solidification process. Then single dendrite evolution in two and three dimensions is simulated by using this method. Multi-grain evolution is also simulated during solidification by the method. The method is easy to be understood and does not need all details of dendrite. The simulated results can reflect the random characteristic of dendrite evolution and the micro-segregation of solute.     

石墨烯在无机材料中的闪光

石墨烯作为一种新晋的无机材料,受到了科学界和工业界的广泛关注。本文就石墨烯出现的历程、结构特点、物理性质和载体作用展开简明的介绍,结合石墨烯在化学、生物等领域应用的实例,详细阐述石墨烯在科研与生活中的应用。最后,总结了石墨烯应用面临的挑战。     

β—环糊精和α—萘乙酸包络物的荧光光谱研究

本文研究了水溶液中β－环糊精和α－萘乙酸包络反应，研究了包络物的荧光光谱性质，测定了包络物的形成常数，讨论了各种水溶性一元醇对该包络物形成及荧光性质的影响，并对其应用了作了预测。