LED背光显示器对不同年龄人视网膜照度、节律效应和蓝光危害的影响

研究了视网膜照度、节律效应和蓝光危害随年龄的变化规律.采用光谱仪测量了4款常见发光二极管背光显示器显示白色和蓝色时的归一化光谱分布,然后结合不同年龄人眼的晶状体透射谱,计算了视网膜照度因子、节律因子和蓝光危害能效因子,得到三者与年龄的变化规律.研究表明:对于同一发光二极管背光显示器,视网膜照度因子、节律因子和蓝光危害能效因子均随年龄的增加而显著减小;同一人眼的视网膜照度因子随显示器类型的变化较小;对于年轻人,不同类型显示器的蓝光危害能效因子和节律因子差异明显,特别是显示蓝色时,但是,对于老年人,不同类型显示器的蓝光危害能效因子和节律因子差异较小.     

Crystal growth and spectral properties of Tb:Lu_2O_3

The crystal growth,x-ray diffraction pattern,absorption spectrum,emission spectrum,and fluorescence lifetime of a Tb:Lu_2O_3 single crystal were studied.Excited at 483 nm,the peak absorption cross-section was calculated to be 3.5×10~(-22)cm~2,and the full width at half maximum was found to be 2.85 nm.The Judd-Ofelt(J-O)intensity parameters ?_2,?_4,and ?_6 were computed to be 3.79×10~(-20)cm~2,1.30×10~(-20)cm~2,and 1.08×10~(-20)cm~2,with a spectroscopic quality factor ?_4/?_6 being 1.20.The emission cross-sections of green emission around 543 nm and yellow emission around 584 nm were calculated to be 9.43×10~(-22)cm~2 and 1.32×10~(-22)cm~2,respectively.The fluorescence lifetimeτexp of ~5D_4 was fitted to be 1.13 ms.The data suggest that the Tb:Lu_2O_3 crystal could be a potential candidate for green and yellow laser operation.     

巯基改性聚丙烯腈纤维的制备与表征

以L-半胱氨酸盐酸盐(L-CMHC)为改性试剂,对聚丙烯腈(PAN)纤维进行接枝改性,合成了一种新型含巯基纤维(cys-PAN)。探讨了反应温度、反应时间、L-CMHC的质量浓度、PAN纤维与L-CMHC的质量比等因素对纤维合成的影响,得出cys-PAN纤维的优化合成条件为:反应温度125～130℃、反应时间4.5h、L-CMHC的质量浓度0.04g/mL、PAN纤维与L-CMHC的质量比1∶0.5～1∶1。红外光谱、拉曼光谱等结构表征结果证明,巯基被成功接枝在PAN纤维骨架上;热失重分析结果表明,合成的纤维具有良好的热稳定性;间接碘量法测得优化条件下合成的cys-PAN纤维的巯基含量为1.56mmol/g。     

对一道弹簧连接体问题的奇思妙想——2009年高考江苏卷物理第9题

对一道高考题,从大家熟悉但又不甚理解的"常规解法"入手,用多种创新的思路和方法进行探讨,以期达到和读者共同探讨、深入理解的目的.     

Dynamical Evolution of an Effective Two-Level System with PT Symmetry

We investigate the dynamics of parity-and time-reversal(PT) symmetric two-energy-level atoms in the presence of two optical and one radio-frequency fields. The strength and relative phase of fields can drive the system from the unbroken to the broken PT symmetric regions. Compared with the Hermitian model, Rabi-type oscillation is still observed, and the oscillation characteristics are also adjusted by the strength and relative phase in the region of the unbroken symmetry. At the exception point, the oscillation breaks down. To better understand the underlying properties we study the effective Bloch dynamics and find that the emergence of the PT components of the fixed points is the feature of the PT symmetry breaking and the projections in the x–y plane can be controlled with high flexibility compared with the standard two-level system with the PT symmetry. It helps to study the dynamic behavior of the complex PT symmetric model.     

等效原理与双生子问题

爱因斯坦等效原理是广义相对论的基石,引力场的钟慢效应和引力红移效应是等效原理的两个基本推论;双生子问题属于狭义相对论的范畴.等效原理与双生子问题间的联系在相对论的教学中常被忽视.文章基于爱因斯坦等效原理,将匀加速系统与一个均匀引力场等效起来,详细地推导出引力场的钟慢效应,并证明了与之本质相同的引力红移效应;最后根据等效原理的这些基本推论在广义相对论框架下讨论了双生子问题,并用一个清晰的物理图像给出了双生子问题的广义相对论解释.     

油水两相流质量流量小波网络软测量模型研究

在工业过程中,油水两相流的测量非常重要.本文研究了一种油水质量流量的软测量方法.此方法采用V型内锥测量油水两相流差压信号,构建了一个多输入单输出的自适应小波网络用于逼近油水两相流质量流量模型,实现总质量流量的软测量.研究重点是均相的油水两相流在水平管道中的质量流量测量.实验结果表明,结合V型内锥差压测量和自适应小波神经网络的软测量方法可以应用于均相的油水两相流的总质量流量测量,测量误差较小.     

Structural and Electrical Properties of Single Crystalline Ga-Doped ZnO Thin Films Grown by Molecular Beam Epitaxy

High-quality Ga-doped ZnO （ZnO：Ga） single crystalline films with various Ga concentrations are grown on a- plane sapphire substrates using molecular-beam epitaxy. The site configuration of doped Ga atoms is studied by means of x-ray absorption spectroscopy. It is found that nearly all Ga can substitute into ZnO lattice as electrically active donors, a generating high density of free carriers with about one electron per Ga dopant when the Ga concentration is no more than 2%. However, further increasing the Ga doping concentration leads to a decrease of the conductivity due to partial segregation of Ga atoms to the minor phase of the spinel ZnGa2O4 or other intermediate phase. It seems that the maximum solubility of Ga in the ZnO single crystalline film is about 2at.% and the lowest resistivity can reach 1.92 ×10-4Ω·cm at room temperature, close to the best value reported. In contrast to ZnO：Ga thin film with 1% or 2% Ga doping, the film with 4% Ga doping exhibits a metal semiconductor transition at 80 K. The scattering mechanism of conducting electrons in single crystalline ZnO：Ga thin film is discussed.     

Tunable Bistability in the Goos–H?nchen Effect with Nonlinear Graphene

We present a planar model system of a silica covered with a monolayer of nonlinear graphene to achieve a tunable Goos–H?nchen(GH) shift in the terahertz range. It is theoretically found that the transition between a negative shift and a large positive one can be realized by altering the intensity of incident light. Moreover, by controlling the chemical potential of graphene and the incident angle of light, we can further control the tunable GH shift dynamically. Numerical simulations for GH shifts based on Gaussian waves are in good agreement with our theoretical calculations.     

基于数学抽象思维,合理设计概念生成——以“勾股定理”复习课教学为例

勾股定理是苏教版教材八年级上册的内容,它与平方根连在一起.学生在认知直角三角形角的性质的基础上学习勾股定理,是对直角三角形判定定理增添新鲜血液.勾股定理在中考试题中年年出现.毋庸置疑,在"勾股定理"复习课教学时,将学生以前学习的直角三角形的零散知识整合在一起,建构完整的全新的知识体系尤为重要.本文以"勾股定理"复习课教学为例,谈谈基于数学抽象思维,合理设计概念生成.