原位液滴微萃取测定水样中的铜

以发光二极管(Light-emitting Diode,LED)为光源,便携式电荷藕合器件(Charge Coupled Device,CCD)为检测器,液滴微萃取装置为光学池,自组装的在线分光光度系统用于水样中铜(II)的原位富集和在线测定.在优化的实验条件下,线性范围为2μg·L-1~ 50μg·L-1,相关系数为0.998,检出限为0.2μg·L-1,富集倍数达49倍.该方法具有灵敏度高,检出限低,简便、快速,有机试剂消耗少,LED光源价廉,系统易于实现自动化以及原位富集和在线测定等优点.本文构建的方法用于矿泉水、河水和自来水的测定,结果满意.     

熔石英损伤修复坑下游光场调制的数值模拟与实验研究

系统研究了熔石英激光损伤修复后的形貌特征,根据测量数据建立了典型的损伤修复坑三维模型,利用标量衍射理论并结合快速傅里叶变换算法研究了修复坑在351 nm激光辐照下游光场调制的分布规律.研究表明,修复坑引起的光场调制会使得下游不同距离位置处出现环形光场增强区和轴上位置光场增强点;环形光场增强区位置距离修复元件较近,其环形调制极大值主要受修复坑深度的影响,且随修复坑深度的增大而逐渐增加;轴上位置光场增强点位置距离修复元件较远,其轴上调制极大值主要受修复坑边缘凸起高度的影响,且随凸起高度的增大而快速增加;环形调制极大值或轴上调制极大值增大的同时,其分布位置与修复元件之间的距离均会逐渐减小.实验验证表明,利用三维修复坑模型得到的下游光场调制数值模拟结果与实验测量结果具有较好的一致性.本研究结果对控制熔石英元件损伤修复形貌特征以抑制调制增强效应给出了具体的控制方向,对修复工艺的改进与完善提供了非常有意义的参考.     

Coercivity enhancement of sintered Nd-Fe-B magnets by grain boundary diffusion with Pr80-xAlxCu20 alloys

A grain boundary diffusion (GBD) process with Pr_80-xAl_xCu₂₀ (x = 0, 10, 15, 20) low melting point alloys was applied to commercial 42M sintered Nd-Fe-B magnets. The best coercivity enhancement of a diffused magnet was for the Pr₆₅Al₁₅Cu₂₀ GBD magnet, from 16.38 kOe to 22.38 kOe. Microstructural investigations indicated that increase in the Al content in the diffusion source can form a continuous grain boundary (GB) phase, optimizing the microstructure to enhance the coercivity. The coercivity enhancement is mainly due to the formation of a continuous GB phase to separate the main phase grains. Exchange decoupling between the adjacent main phase grains is enhanced after the GBD process. Meanwhile, the introduction of Al can effectively promote the infiltration of Pr into the magnet, which increases the diffusion rate of rare-earth elements within a certain range. This work provides a feasible method to enhance coercivity and reduce the use of rare-earth resources by partial replacement of rare-earth elements with non-rare-earth elements in the diffusion source.     

气体容量法测定单质硅的改进

对测定单质硅的气体容量法进行了改进,在测量装置中增加了恒温系统、柱形称样器,并扩大了量气管的量程。最佳反应碱度为200g·L-1氢氧化钠溶液65mL,反应时间为1h。对不同含量单质硅样品进行测定,测定值的相对标准偏差(n=6)在0.32%~0.47%之间,偏差在-0.45%~0.40%之间。     

胡椒基咪唑盐类化合物的合成及生物活性研究

从胡椒酸出发,通过还原、甲磺酸酯化、偶联和成盐四步反应合成了-系列新型的胡椒基咪唑盐类化合物,其结构经1H NMR,13C NMR,HRMS以及X射线单晶衍射确定.对合成的新化合物进行了体外抗肿瘤细胞毒活性筛选,结果表明,1-((苯并[d][1,3]二氧杂环戊烯-5-基甲基)-3-(2-萘甲基))-5,6-二甲基-1H-苯并[d]咪唑-3-溴盐(30)具有显著的细胞毒活性,对HL-60、SMMC-7721、A-549、MCF-7和SW-480肿瘤细胞株的活性均优于顺铂(DDP),尤其对HL-60肿瘤细胞株表现出较好的选择性细胞毒活性,其IC50值约为顺铂的7.2倍.进一步研究表明,化合物30具有诱导SMMC-7721细胞株在细胞周期G0/G1期阻滞和细胞凋亡的作用.     

云南蕊木茎中的抗炎吲哚生物碱

应用多种色谱和波谱学方法,从云南蕊木(Kopsia officinalis)茎中分离鉴定了27个单萜吲哚生物碱,包括7个新化合物kopsiofficines A^G和20个已知化合物.此外,建立脂多糖(LPS)诱导的小鼠巨噬细胞RAW 264.7炎症模型,通过测定IL-1β,PGE2和TNF-α炎症因子释放评价生物碱的抗炎活性.结果表明,kopsiofficines A(1),kopsiofficines B(2),kopsiofficines D(4),kopsiofficines F(6),kopsiofficines G(7),12-methoxykopsine(11),kopsinoline(15),(-)-N-methoxycarbonyl-11,12-methylenedioxykopsinaline(16),kopsinine(18)和kopsinic acid(20)表现出显著的抗炎活性,与阳性对照(地塞米松)基本相当.研究发现C-5位丙酮基取代的单萜吲哚生物碱的抗炎活性明显强于原型生物碱,推测丙酮基可能是抗炎活性的药效促进基团,研究结果为进一步的结构修饰和药理学研究提供了线索.     

Way of designing a periodic etched grating coupler with fully slots

In order to couple into or out of a silicon photonic waveguide on silicon on insulator （SOI） substrate from optical fibers, we present a simple but practical method to design a grating coupler. The grating is periodic with fully etched slots; strong reflection between the fully etched grating and the waveguide is avoided by adding an antireflection interface. Theoretical coupling efficiency up to 43% is demonstrated. A taper waveguide used to link the grating and waveguide is also designed.     

Dispersion imaging spectrometer for detecting and locating energetic targets in real time

A conceptual dispersion imaging spectrometer(DIS) is proposed.It consists of a telescope,four prisms,an imaging lens,and a detector.The first prism allows only the first set of wavelengths along the first direction to pass and disperse.The second prism allows only the second set of wavelengths along the second direction,which is perpendicular to the first.The third and fourth prisms are used to compensate for the angular deviations from the optical axes of the first and second prisms,respectively.The proposed DIS disperses the spectra of a target to form an L-shaped dispersion pattern(LDP).The theoretical calculation and numerical simulation of the LDP are presented.The DIS can locate multiple targets based only on data obtained from a single frame.It is suitable for detecting and locating energetic targets in real time.     

混凝土冻融损伤本构模型研究

基于各向同性连续损伤力学理论,以损伤条件下的弹性模量和泊松比为变量,基于Ottosen理论模型建立了混凝土冻融损伤破坏准则,并以Ottosen本构理论模型为基础,利用建立的冻融损伤破坏准则构建了混凝土冻融损伤本构模型,并编制了本构模型有限元程序,经过试验验证模型计算结果较为准确,为有限元计算和冻融作用后混凝土结构模拟应...     

干涉合成孔径声纳多视波动配准方法

本论文以相位差平均波动函数法为基础,提出了多视波动配准方法。该方法首先对配准图像对进行多视平均处理,再对多视处理后的干涉图求取相位差平均波动函数值。该配准方法抑制了配准过程中的多峰现象,在精度和运算量上都有一定的改进,且没有继承多视处理降低二维分辨率的缺点。实际湖试数据验证了该方法的效果。后续处理得到的干涉图条纹清晰,并与实际地形吻合。