团簇中杂质局域磁矩的形成研究

采用密度泛函理论和离散变分方法,以I_h结构的Cu₁₂TM团簇为对象(TM:Sc,Ti,V,Cr,Mn,Fe,Co,Ni,Y,Zr,Nb,Mo,Tc,Ru,Rh,Pd,Ag),系统地研究了杂质TM的局域磁矩及其形成机理,发现杂质TM在Cl₁₂中的局域磁性行为与在块体Cu中及在Al₁₂.团簇中的行为明显不同.除Cr和Mo的磁矩被淬灭为零外,其他的杂质都是磁性的.与杂质在块体d带衬底中的d-d相互作用图象相比,发现在团簇中存在着更为复杂的相互作用,它们影响着杂质的局域磁矩.其中Cu原子的s轨道与杂质原子之间的相互作用对3d和4d杂质的磁矩有重要贡献;Cu原子的p轨道与杂质原子的相互作用对Mn,Fe,Co,Ni,Tc,Ru,Rh的磁矩有关键性影响;Cu原子的d轨道与杂质之间的相互作用对Sc,Ti,V,Y,Zr,Nb的磁矩有关键性影响.     

Au(I)炔基配合物激发态性质的理论研究

用MP2方法和CIS方法分别优化了Au(I)炔基配合物及相应炔烃的基态和激发态的结构. 计算结果表明, 在基态, 分子有向中间收缩的趋势, Au(I)的修饰作用减弱了配体内部原子间的成键作用. 随着分子链长增长, Au(I)与配体间的相互作用减弱; 激发态的电子跃迁减弱了, Au(I)与配体间的相互作用, 并且这种影响随着分子链增长而更加明显. 计算得出Au(I)炔基配合物体系的荧光发射光谱并发现其独特的发光性质, 说明取代H原子的—AuPH3比—H更具有离子性.     

以聚苯乙烯树脂为载体的缩硫醛大环螯合树脂的合成和性能研究

以大孔聚苯乙烯树脂为载体,合成了具缩硫醛大环的螯合树脂。它对Hg~(2+)的络合容量可达30—60mgHg~(2+)/g树脂,比对Ca~(2+)、Zn~(2+)、Cd~(2+)、Pb~(2+)等金属离子的络合容量高数百倍.它能够使因汞中毒而失活的脲酶恢复活力的能力优于巯基树脂及通用阴离子交换树脂。有可能作为口服的高分子解汞毒药物。     

STUDY ON THE SYNTHESIS OF POLYSTYRENESUPPORTED MACROCYCLIC MERCAPTAL CHELATING RESIN AND ITS PROPERTIES

Chelating resin with macrocyclic mercaptal group supported on macroporous polystyrene beads was synthesized, which showed good selectivity to Hg~(2+): its complexing capacity amounted to 30—60 mg Hg~(2+)/g resin, two orders of magnitude greater than for other metal ions such as Ca~(2+), Zn~(2+), Cd~(2+), Pb~(2+) etc. This resin could restore the activity of urease which had been deactivated by poisoning with Hg~(2+). Its restoring power was far better than that of the mercapto-resin and common anionic exchange resins. It showed some promising use as an oral polymeric detoxifying drug for mercury poisoning.     

5，6－二取代－3，4－二氢－2－吡啶酮的N－烷基化反应

由四个５，６－二取代－３，４－二氢－２－吡啶酮经烷基化反应合成了九个未见文献报道的Ｎ－取代５，６－二取代－３，４－二氢－２－吡啶酮，并确定了它们的结构。     

双核磺化酞菁铜(Ⅱ)催化氧化α-萘酚

本文研究了以乙醇为溶剂, CaCl2为助催化剂, 双核磺化酞菁铜(Ⅱ)催化氧化α-萘酚制备α-萘醌的各种因素。提出了可能的反应机理。     

基于衬底温度和贝叶斯估计的红外非均匀性校正（英）

分析了红外焦平面阵列(IRFPA)基于定标的非均匀性校正法(NUC)和基于场景的NUC算法各自的优势和问题,在此基础上提出了联合非均匀性校正方法。根据上电时刻焦平面衬底的温度值,从FLASH中提取事先存储的对应温度区间的增益和偏置校正参数,初步消除探测器的非均匀性。通过分析初步校正后图像残余非均匀性噪声的特性,提出了一种自适应非均匀性校正算法NSCT,对经过NSCT分解后的子带图像,利用贝叶斯阈值逐点进行信号方差和噪声方差估计,计算出残余非均匀性噪声后并加以去除。实验结果表明,该算法能有效提高校正精度,并具有更强的环境适应性。     

化学-生物法制备D-精氨酸和L-瓜氨酸

在水溶液中以水杨醛为催化剂,L-精氨酸可以快速消旋为DL-精氨酸．后以DL-精氨酸为底物,利用粪链球菌（Streptococcus faecalis）精氨酸脱亚胺酶对L-精氨酸的专一脱亚胺作用,同时制备D精氨酸和L-瓜氨酸,分别以92．3％,94．2％的产率获得光学纯的D-精氨酸和L-瓜氨酸．     

A DISCRETE VARIATIONAL METHOD STUDY ON THE ELECTRONIC STRUCTURES OF CaMnO3 AND LaMnO3

The electronic structures of the perovskite oxides, LaMnO₃ and CaMnO₃, with various magnetic structures are studied using the first-principles discrete variational (DV) cluster method based on ab initio local-spin-density approximation (LSDA). The ground states of different magnetic phases (including ferromagnetic (FM), A-type antiferromagnetic (A-AFM), and G-type antiferromagnetic (G-AFM)) have been described in this work. The cubic CaMnO₃ with observed G-AFM magnetic order is found to have a 0.1 eV calculated gap. Both FM CaMnO₃ and LaMnO₃ have "half-metallic" character, which is in agreement with other works. LaMnO₃ with both A-type and G-type antiferromagnetic order have metallic band structures. Part of Jahn-Teller (JT) distortion (Q₂ type) has been taken into consideration for A-AFM LaMnO₃. Under Q₂ type JT distortion, the occupied and unoccupied states of O 2p and Mn 3d states move farther away from the Fermi energy. It is also found that the distortion can further stabilize the structure. The density of states and the binding energy of the distorted A-AFM LaMnO₃ are given in this paper.