High-sensitive terahertz detection by parametric up-conversion using nanosecond pulsed laser

A high-sensitive terahertz detector operating at room temperature was demonstrated based on parametric upconversion.A nanosecond 1064-nm Nd:YAG laser was used to pump the parametric up-conversion detector and the upconversion from terahertz wave to NIR laser was realized in a lithium niobate crystal.The minimum detectable terahertz energy of 9 p J was realized with the detection dynamic range of 54 d B,which was three orders of magnitude higher than that of commercial Golay cell.The detectable terahertz frequency range of the detection system was 0.90 Thz–1.83 THz.Besides,the effects of pump energy and effective gain length on the detection sensitivity were studied in experiment.The results showed that higher pump energy and longer effective gain length are helpful for improving the detection sensitivity of parametric up-conversion detector.     

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用托卡马克模拟程序对实验前期的放电进行了模拟,获得了期望的等离子体演化过程及主要参数波形,如极向场线圈电流、等离子体电流、等离子体位置等。通过等离子体控制系统将模拟获取的参数波形用于实验,开展了等离子体R位置控制、完全程序场控制及RZIp控制下的放电模拟对实验的预测研究。模拟结果与实验吻合较好,表明放电模拟具有一定的可预测性,为今后EAST装置开展更深入的物理实验提供了一定的参考。     

Derivative fluorimetry analysis of new cluster structures formed by ethanol and Water molecules

The ultraviolet （UV） light excited fluorescence spectra of ethanol-water mixture with different concentrations are investigated by derivative fluorimetry. It is found that there are 8 types of luminescent cluster molecules, formed by ethanol and water molecules in different ways, existing in the solution. The peak wavelengths of all these clusters＇ fluorescence spectra are measured and their contents are obtained by measuring the peak values in the second derivative fluorescence spectra. The spectra corresponding to the 8 types of clusters are obtained by Gaussian decomposition. It is found that two kinds of cluster molecules whose peak wavelengths are 330 and 345 nm have an optimal excitation wavelength located at （236 4- 3） nm. This research contributes to the study of ethanol-water cluster structures and their physical and chemical characteristics.     

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中性束注入是等离子体加热和电流驱动的重要方式之一,对EAST中性束注入的精确模拟对未来物理实验至关重要.采用ONETWO和NUBEAM程序模拟4MW、80keV中性束同向注入,不同的等离子体密度剖面导致不同的电子和离子加热、穿透功率损失、束驱动电流以及中子发射等.等离子体密度在以上的物理参数的演化中起着重要的作用.对EAST两种密度方案下中性束注入的效果进行了分析和讨论,并对未来中性束实验提供了一些预言性的建议和方案.     

固相萃取-高效液相色谱-串联质谱法检测粮食及其制品中的呕吐毒素

建立了粮食及其制品中呕吐毒素的高效液相色谱-串联质谱(HPLC-MS/MS)检测方法。样品经乙腈-水(84:16, v/v)溶液提取,HLB固相萃取柱富集净化,采用HPLC-MS/MS法对目标物进行定性确证和定量分析。在Phenomenex Kinetex C18柱(100 mm×4.6 mm, 2.6 μm)上以0.3‰氨水和乙腈为流动相进行梯度洗脱分离;质谱模式为电喷雾负离子监测模式。本方法的检出限(以信噪比(S/N)=3计)和定量限(以S/N=10计)分别为20 μg/kg和50 μg/kg;在20～1000 μg/L范围内呈现良好的线性关系,相关系数(r)大于0.99。对本底空白的面粉、大麦、大豆、大米、玉米粉、木薯干、小麦等7种代表性基质进行50、100、500 μg/kg 3个含量水平的添加试验,回收率范围为75.6%～111.0%,精密度(以相对标准偏差(RSD)计)不大于13.0%。本方法准确可靠,灵敏度高,经济实用,可替代较为昂贵的免疫亲和柱和多功能净化柱,较大地降低检测成本。     

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????????????ORBIT??????????EFIT???????й???乤?????? (CFETR)???λ???￡?????????????(α)?????????????????????????α?????????????????????????????????????????????α???????￡?ITER-like??super-Xλ???μ?α??????????????0.1%??snowflakeλ????0.4%?????????λ????0.6%??????????α???????￡?????????????????????α?????о??????     

统计方法在微量金分析中的应用

化探金样品前处理过程中消解、富集、解吸等环节控制不严格,往往会导致最后数据处理产生过高的校正系数。为了降低校正系数,用统计学的方法对实验过程进行了详细分析,确定了主要影响因素。将水浴时间延长并保温3 h以上,泡塑大小改为0.2 g,清洗时间不大于15 s,解吸到上机时间间隔小于5 h。方法改进后,检测结果校正系数有了明显改善,从改进前有40%批次的校正系数大于1.2,降到了全部小于1.2,甚至不用校正。方法改进后降低了实验过程的误差,提高了分析测试结果的稳定性。     

CO-FBMC/OQAM系统导频辅助的时域相位噪声补偿

对1550 nm铒镱共掺光纤放大器不同温度下的输出功率以及经过高温老化后的输出功率和光谱进行了实验研究。通过对比高温和常温下铒镱共掺光纤放大器的输出功率随泵浦功率的变化曲线,得出铒镱共掺光纤放大器在高温环境工作可提高输出功率,且不同长度的增益光纤对温度的敏感性不同的结论。以Arrhenius模型为加速老化模型对增益光纤进行温度为85℃、时间为876 h的加速老化实验,结果表明在常温环境工作5 y后铒镱共掺光纤放大器的输出功率将降低11.24%,放大的自发辐射噪声将增加4.1 dB,根据指数模型预测得到该放大器的使用寿命为7.57 y,这些结果为改善光纤放大器的输出性能和寿命预测提供了理论基础和实验依据。     

CO-FBMC/OQAM系统导频辅助的时域相位噪声补偿

针对相干光偏移正交调幅技术的多载波滤波器组传输(CO-FBMC/OQAM)系统,提出一种基于导频的时域相位噪声补偿算法。建立一个时域相位噪声补偿模型,即相位噪声用时域扩展的离散余弦变换(DCT)近似,相位噪声包括公共相位误差(CPE)和非CPE相位噪声,它们均可通过估计DCT系数来获得。为了计算这些DCT系数,先用基于导频的扩展卡尔曼滤波(EKF)估计CPE,然后将CPE补偿后一部分判决错误概率较高的数据舍弃,仅保留余下的CPE补偿后数据进行预判决用以预估发送端数据,最后在波特率为32 GBaud的背对背CO-FBMC/OQAM系统中对所提算法进行仿真验证。结果表明,对比一种改进的盲相位搜索(M-BPS)算法,所提算法仅有0.5%～2.0%的频谱效率下降。针对64阶QAM、子载波数M=256或512的系统,所提算法的线宽延迟乘积容忍度仍远大于M-BPS算法,但其复杂度仅为M-BPS算法的1/2。     

Peptide backbone-copper ring structure: A molecular insight into copper-induced amyloid toxicity

Copper ions can promote amyloid diseases that are associated with amyloid peptides, such as type 2 diabetes (T2D), Alzheimer's disease (AD), Parkinson's disease (PD), and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). However, the underlying molecular mechanism remains obscure. Here we present that Cu²⁺ is able to specifically bind to the backbone of T2D-related human islet amyloid polypeptide (hIAPP) by forming a ring structure, which causes the reduction of Cu²⁺ to Cu⁺ to produce reactive oxygen species (ROS) and the modulation of hIAPP aggregation. Nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy showed that Cu²⁺ bound to the backbone of a turn region, His18—Ser21, which is critical for hIAPP aggregation. Ab initio calculations and x-ray absorption fine structure analyses revealed that Cu²⁺ simultaneously bound with both the amide nitrogen and carbonyl oxygen on the peptide backbone, resulting in a ring structure, and causing the reduction of Cu²⁺ to Cu⁺ to form a hIAPP-Cu⁺ complex. 2',7'-dichlorodihydrofluorescin diacetate fluorescence measurements further indicated that this complex led to enhanced ROS levels in rat insulinoma cells. Additionally, thioflavin T fluorescence and atomic force microscopy measurements denoted that the backbone-Cu ring structure largely modulated hIAPP aggregation, including the inhibition of hIAPP fibrillation and the promotion of peptide oligomerization. These findings shed new light on the molecular mechanism of Cu²⁺-induced amyloid toxicity involving both the enhancement of ROS and the modulation of hIAPP aggregation.