漏斗型完全光子带隙光波导单向传输

光波单向传输器件在全光计算和信息处理方面具有重要应用.本文提出一种具有完全光子带隙的硅基空气孔光子晶体漏斗型光波导结构,在光通信波段可实现单向传输特性.漏斗型光波导可打破光波对称传输,引入点缺陷通过模式转换与失配进一步抑制反向透射,并研究了不同的点缺陷类型与位置对反向透射的影响.采用时域有限差分法进行数值计算,优化选取了最佳的点缺陷模式.结果显示,单柱型点缺陷在向左移动5a(a为光子晶体晶格常数,a=470 nm)时,横电(TE)偏振光在工作波长1550 nm处正向透射率为0.716,透射对比度为0.929,工作带宽为111 nm.另外,本文提出的光波单向传输器件结构简单、工艺要求低,有望为集成光路中单向传输器件设计提供新的解决方案.     

基于硅基微电子机械系统仿生振膜的光纤麦克风

仿蝇耳声传感器是一种对声压梯度敏感的指向性微型麦克风.本文设计制备了桥连耦合双翼形硅基微电子机械系统仿蝇耳振膜,利用该振膜制作了光纤Fabry-Pérot干涉式麦克风,并对这种麦克风的特性进行了理论与实验研究.仿真结果指出:这种仿生振膜具有摇摆和弯曲两种振动模态,单位声压下摇摆模态的振幅依赖于入射声波的频率与传播方向,频率越接近摇摆模态本征值,振幅越大;摇摆模态振幅随传播方向在三维空间的变化呈纺锤形分布,纺锤的长轴平行于振膜的长轴,意味着传播方向平行于振膜长轴时麦克风灵敏度最高.实验测得的光纤仿生麦克风的摇摆模态本征频率略小于仿真值,其输出信号振幅随声源水平方位角的变化呈“8”字形分布,在0°—60°方位角范围二者呈线性关系,由此得出麦克风的方向灵敏度为39.98 mV/(°).     

Energy gap suppression and excess current in Tl_2Ba_2CaCu_2O_8 intrinsic Josephson junctions

Intrinsic Josephson junctions in misaligned Tl2Ba2CaCu2O8 thin film were fabricated on LaAlO3 substrate. The temperature dependence of the critical current is investigated around liquid nitrogen temperature. In the current voltage characteristic, large voltage jump and lack of resistive branch are observed, which shows good consistency with the intrinsic Josephson junctions. By analyzing the large gap voltage in the curve, great suppression of the energy gap is found. Through discussing the temperature dependence of the gap voltage in liquid nitrogen temperature, it is shown that this phenomenon can be caused by the non-equilibrium quasiparticle injection. The temperature influence on the excess current also confirms the non-equilibrium effect.     

飞秒激光在铽镓石榴石中的光刻光波导

飞秒激光光刻是一种灵活的三维光子器件制作方法。由于铽镓石榴石具有法拉第效应,具有广泛的应用,利用中心波长为800nm,重复频率为1kHz的飞秒激光,在磁致旋光晶体铽镓石榴石中刻写了双线型和压低圆包层两种光波导,重构了激光诱导折射率改变的分布和测试了光波导的传输损耗。双线型波导具有偏振依赖的导光特性,圆包层波导则不存在偏振依赖的导光特性。对于双线型波导,横电(TE)模和横磁(TM)模相位完全失配,在外加磁场下,导模的偏振面不会发生旋转,光刻的圆包层波导的导模的偏振面能够发生磁致旋转。铽镓石榴石中的双线型和圆包层波导可以作为波导偏振器和磁旋光器件,在集成光学上有潜在的应用价值。     

超快激光在Yb:YAG内刻写双线型光波导的研究

研究了使用钛宝石放大器输出的重复频率为50kHz、中心波长为775nm、脉冲宽度为160fs的超快激光在掺镱钇铝石榴石(Yb…YAG)中刻写双线型光波导的过程。发现了波导具有偏振导光现象,偏振态平行于双线方向的激光可以导通,偏振态垂直于双线方向的激光不能导通。详细分析了双线间距、刻写速度和激光脉冲能量对波导形成的影响,在双线间距为30μm、刻写速度为400μm/s、脉冲能量为5.0μJ的条件下写入的光波导导光特性良好。利用近场模重建了该波导折射率二维分布,波导区域折射率相对于基质改变量的最大值为1.8×10-4,且该波导在940nm半导体激光抽运激励下,获得了1030.5nm的连续激光输出,激光功率为4.7mW。     

电子秤的制作与校准实验

介绍了压力传感器的工作原理,以及用压力传感器制作电子秤并校准的实验过程。     

一种新型高比表面积 TiO2载体在 NH3选择性催化还原反应中对 V2O5分散性的促进作用

A titania support with a large surface area was developed, which has a BET surface area of 380.5 m2/g, four times that of a traditional titania support. The support was ultrasonically impregnated with 5 wt%vanadia. A special heat treatment was used in the calcination to maintain the large sur‐face area and high dispersion of vanadium species. This catalyst was compared to a common V2O5‐TiO2 catalyst with the same vanadia loading prepared by a traditional method. The new cata‐lyst has a surface area of 117.7 m2/g, which was 38%higher than the traditional V2O5‐TiO2 catalyst. The selective catalytic reduction (SCR) performance demonstrated that the new catalyst had a wid‐er temperature window and better N2 selectivity compared to the traditional one. The NO conver‐sion was>80%from 200 to 450 °C. The temperature window was 100 °C wider than the traditional catalyst. Raman spectra indicated that the vanadium species formed more V‐O‐V linkages on the catalyst prepared by the traditional method. The amount of V‐O‐Ti and V=O was larger for the new catalyst. Temperature programmed desorption of NH3, temperature programmed reduction by H2 and X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy results showed that its redox ability and total acidity were enhanced. The results are helpful for developing a more efficient SCR catalyst for the removal of NOx in flue gases.     

磁耦合共振式无线电能传输空间能量的分布规律研究

无线电能传输是一种在电源和负载之间不需要任何物理接触就可以传输电能的技术。随着该技术的逐渐普及,磁耦合谐振式无线电能传输因其特有的中短距离传输的高效性进入人们的视野。文章基于磁耦合共振原理设计制作了研究装置,首先分析了在磁耦合共振条件下能量分布随线圈距离以及角度的关系,并基于以上关系得出能量在空间中的分布规律图像。     

纳秒激光诱导K9光学元件体损伤增长特性

针对激光诱导K9玻璃元件体损伤问题,利用在线成像技术获得激光诱导体损伤时的侧面和正面图像,并分析体损伤中成丝损伤的特点及成丝损伤中成核损伤和裂纹对损伤增长的影响。结果表明,当激光辐照能量大于体损伤阈值时,体损伤会以成丝损伤、成核损伤及损伤增长的形式出现,但只有最靠近入射激光方向的成核损伤点会在后续激光辐照下出现持续增长现象。成核损伤在损伤增长过程中的裂纹更多向纵向和逆激光传播方向扩展。同时,在相同能量的激光辐照下,损伤面积的增长强烈依赖于成丝损伤点的长度,且从侧面方向观察到的损伤点的损伤增长系数大于从正面方向观察到的。研究结果为对K9玻璃元件体损伤及其在后续激光辐照下的损伤增长规律研究提供了参考性。