均匀共沉淀法制备钛酸钡-钡铁氧体核-壳结构粒子

用均匀共沉淀法制备了钛酸钡-钡铁氧体核-壳粒子, 研究了沉淀反应温度、尿素/金属离子摩尔比值(R)和BaTiO₃浓度对核-壳粒子形貌和结构的影响, 探讨了钛酸钡-钡铁氧体核-壳粒子在焙烧时的形成过程及其磁性能. 采用透射电子显微镜(TEM)、X射线衍射(XRD)分析仪对钛酸钡-钡铁氧体前驱物核-壳粒子及钛酸钡-钡铁氧体核-壳粒子的形貌和结构进行了表征, 采用振动样品磁强计(VSM)研究了钛酸钡-钡铁氧体核-壳粒子的磁性能. 结果表明: 当沉淀反应温度为100 °C, R为180, BaTiO₃浓度为2.5 g·L^-1时, 金属离子沉淀完全, 得到的钛酸钡-钡铁氧体前驱物核-壳粒子包覆层均匀、完整、光滑, 厚度约为10 nm. 过高的温度和R值都会导致大量独立颗粒杂质的生成; 随着BaTiO₃浓度的增大, 包覆层厚度有减小的趋势. 当焙烧温度为900 °C时, 壳层中开始形成BaFe₁₂O₁₉相, 其形成过程为晶态的α-Fe₂O₃和BaCO₃首先生成中间相BaFe₂O₄, 然后由BaFe₂O₄和α-Fe₂O₃反应得到最终的BaFe₁₂O₁₉. 当焙烧温度为1000 °C时, 壳层完全转化为BaFe₁₂O₁₉相. 随着焙烧温度从900 °C升高到1000 °C, 所得BaTiO₃-BaFe₁₂O₁₉核-壳粒子的饱和磁化强度从16.5 A·m²·kg^-1增加到39.5 A·m²·kg^-1, 矫顽力从340 kA·m^-1略微降低到316 kA·m^-1.     

Effects of single synthetic jet on turbulent boundary layer

The turbulent boundary layer (TBL) is actively controlled by the synthetic jet generated from a circular hole. According to the datasets of velocity fields acquired by a time-resolved particle image velocimetry (TR-PIV) system, the average drag reduction rate of 6.2% in the downstream direction of the hole is obtained with control. The results of phase averaging show that the synthetic jet generates one vortex pair each period and the consequent vortex evolves into hairpin vortex in the environment with free-stream, while the reverse vortex decays rapidly. From the statistical average, it can be found that a low-speed streak is generated downstream. Induced by the two vortex legs, the fluid under them converges to the middle. The drag reduction effect produced by the synthetic jet is local, and it reaches a maximum value at x⁺=400, where the drag reduction rate reaches about 12.2%. After the extraction of coherent structure from the spatial two-point correlation analysis, it can be seen that the synthetic jet suppresses the streamwise scale and wall-normal scale of the large scale coherent structure, and slightly weakens the spanwise motion to achieve the effect of drag reduction.     

湍流边界层大尺度相干结构空间相位平均拓扑

湍流边界层大尺度相干结构(large-scale coherent structure,LSCS)是目前湍流边界层研究的热点之一.湍流边界层中存在大尺度相干结构均是通过各种谱的低波数峰值证实的,而对大尺度相干结构各种物理量的空间拓扑形态及其发展演化规律还缺乏研究.应用高时间分辨粒子图像测速多相机阵列系统,测量湍流边界层...     

4 GPa压力处理对T8钢在加热过程中固态相变动力学的影响

本文通过差示扫描量热分析(DSC)法测试了经4 GPa压力处理前后, T8钢在加热过程中固态相变温度和转变时间,计算其相变激活能和Avrami指数, 并结合金相组织观察, 探讨了4 GPa压力处理对T8钢在加热过程中固态相变动力学的影响.结果表明: 4 GPa压力处理能使T8钢组织中形成奥氏体的温度向低温移动, 相变时间和Avrami指数减小, 相变激活能增大, 有利于形成尺寸细小的晶粒, 但对其相变机理的影响不大.     

稀疏正则化最小类散度半监督分类机

基于稀疏表示理论提出一种稀疏正则化最小类散度半监督分类机(SRMCV), 且对于模式分类问题, SRMCV通过引入稀疏Laplacian正则化项和类内散度信息以实现预测空间函数在全局稀疏表示结构下平滑变化, 同时通过类内数据散度结构进一步优化决策函数的判别方向, 此方法能解决现有SSL方法对模型参数敏感和在噪声学习环境下缺乏鲁棒性等问题, 其有效性已在实际数据集上通过实验验证.     

Convection and correlation of coherent structure in turbulent boundary layer using tomographic particle image velocimetry

The present experimental work focuses on a new model for space–time correlation and the scale-dependencies of convection velocity and sweep velocity in turbulent boundary layer over a flat wall. A turbulent boundary layer flow at Reθ= 2460 is measured by tomographic particle image velocimetry(tomographic PIV). It is demonstrated that arch, cane,and hairpin vortices are dominant in the logarithmic layer. Hairpins and hairpin packets are responsible for the elongated low-momentum zones observed in the instantaneous flow field. The conditionally-averaged coherent structures systemically illustrate the key roles of hairpin vortice in the turbulence dynamic events, such as ejection and sweep events and energy transport. The space–time correlations of instantaneous streamwise fluctuation velocity are calculated and confirm the new elliptic model for the space–time correlation instead of Taylor hypothesis. The convection velocities derived from the space–time correlation and conditionally-averaged method both suggest the scaling with the local mean velocity in the logarithmic layer. Convection velocity result based on Fourier decomposition(FD) shows stronger scale- dependency in the spanwise direction than in streamwise direction. Compared with FD, the proper orthogonal decomposition(POD) has a distinct distribution of convection velocity for the large- and small-scales which are separated in light of their contributions of turbulent kinetic energy.     

SPME-GC-MS快速分析炼油厂废水中痕量VOCs

采用固相微萃取 -气相色谱 -质谱联用 (SPME- GC- MS)对炼油厂废水中痕量挥发性有机化合物(VOCs)进行了定性分析 ,简化了预处理过程 ,总分析时间为 1h左右。对比处理前后的废水样品的 MS定性结果 ,为废水处理工艺的评价以及有机物降解机理提供了依据。     

乘因子法测定撒痛风注射液中三组分的含量

介绍了乘因子法的原理和计算步骤并用于处理多波长吸光度数据 ,同时测定撒痛风注射液中三组分的含量 ,10份撒痛风注射液模拟样中水杨酸钠、安替比林、咖啡因测定所得的置信区间分别为 (99.93±0 .16 ) %、(99.85± 0 17) %、(10 0 .19± 0 .2 8) % (置信度 95 % )。对两个批号的实际样品进行了测定 ,所得结果与标准法无显著差异     

铝合金格栅夹层结构水下抗冲击特性的实验研究

基于非药式水下爆炸冲击波加载技术,对格栅型夹层结构的动态响应及抗冲击防护性能,进行了实验研究。利用高速相机,对夹层板的动态变形情况进行了实时观测,获得了格栅夹层板气背面在水下冲击波作用下的动态响应历程,并结合相同面密度单层板在水下冲击波作用下的抗冲击变形结果,对比分析了铝合金格栅夹层板的抗冲击防护性能,获得了格栅型夹层板的气背面板最大变形量与水下冲击波量纲一冲量间的定量关系。     

金银花的13C NMR指纹图谱研究

利用PFT-NMR 核磁共振波谱仪测定了金银花特征提取物的¹³C NMR图谱,对金银花提取物的¹³C NMR指纹图谱进行了解析,与其有效成分绿原酸进行了比较,获得了金银花提取物的特征峰,并比较了不同金银花的优劣. 结果表明不同金银花提取物(M1, M2, Z1, Z2)的¹³C NMR指纹图谱都显示出绿原酸的特征共振峰,并具有很好的重现性和高度的特征性,可以成为金银花真伪鉴别的依据;优质(M1, Z1)与劣质(劣质M1,劣质Z1)金银花¹³C NMR图谱的差异进一步说明¹³C NMR指纹图谱可作为鉴别金银花质量的依据.