Generation of few-cycle laser pulses:Comparison between atomic and molecular gases in a hollow-core fiber

We numerically study the pulse compression approaches based on atomic or molecular gases in a hollow-core fiber.From the perspective of self-phase modulation(SPM), we give the extensive study of the SPM influence on a probe pulse with molecular phase modulation(MPM) effect. By comparing the two compression methods, we summarize their advantages and drawbacks to obtain the few-cycle pulses with micro- or millijoule energies. It is also shown that the double pump-probe approach can be used as a tunable dual-color source by adjusting the time delay between pump and probe pulses to proper values.     

冷弯薄壁Z型钢构件卷边角度优化设计

为提高冷弯薄壁Z型钢构件的承载能力,对其卷边角度进行优化设计.以冷弯薄壁卷边Z型钢构件的卷边角度作为参数,其他截面尺寸不变,在冷弯卷边Z型钢柱轴心受压与钢梁受弯情况下,基于直接强度法,利用遗传算法寻找构件畸变屈曲承载力达到最大时的最佳卷边角度值.该方法不但能节省运算时间、避免出现盲目性,且可以找到最佳卷边角度的精确值.最后从承载力的变化趋势,同时考虑施工中存在的加工误差,得出具有不同高度腹板的试样所对应的最佳卷边角度值.在实际工程中建议卷边的设计角度选为100°.     

Experimental investigation on pulse-contrast degradation caused by surface reflection in optical parametric chirped-pulse amplification

In this Letter, we experimentally explore the pulse-contrast degradation caused by surface reflection in optical parameter chirped-pulse amplification. Different pump-to-signal conversion efficiencies and post-pulses with different intensities are obtained by changing the seed-pulse or pump-pulse energy and inserting etalons with different reflection coefficients, respectively. The contrast measurements show that the generated first pre-pulse intensity is proportional to the product of the surface reflection intensity ratio and the square of the pump-to-signal conversion efficiency.     

铁(O)促进的醛与溴代硝基甲烷的Henry型反应高效合成2-硝基-1-醇

以廉价易得、商品化的铁粉为反应促进剂,研究了溴代硝基甲烷与各种醛的Henry型反应,高效地合成了2-硝基-1-醇.该反应在PbCl2和四丁基硫酸氢铵(TBAHS)存在下有效地进行,以中等至良好的产率得到目标产物,并且该反应具有广泛的官能团耐受性.     

Spatial chirp in Ti:sapphire multipass amplifier

The spatial chirp generated in the Ti:sapphire multipass amplifier is numerically investigated based on the onedimensional(1D) and two-dimensional(2D) Frantz–Nodvik equations. The simulation indicates that the spatial chirp is induced by the spatially inhomogeneous gain, and it can be almost eliminated by utilization of proper beam profiles and spot sizes of the signal and pump pulses, for example, the pump pulse has a top-hatted beam profile and the signal pulse has a super-Gaussian beam profile with a relatively larger spot size. In this way, a clear understanding of spatial chirp mechanisms in the Ti:sapphire multipass amplifier is proposed, therefore we can effectively almost eliminate the spatial chirp and improve the beam quality of a high-power Ti:sapphire chirped pulse amplifier system.     

Field-free molecular orientation enhanced by tuning the intensity ratio of a three-color laser field

We theoretically study the field-free molecular orientation induced by a three-color laser field. The three-color laser field with a large asymmetric degree can effectively enhance the molecular orientation. In particular, when the intensity ratio of the three-color laser field is tuned to a proper value of I_3: I_2: I_1= 0.09 : 0.5 : 1, the molecular orientation can be improved by ～ 20% compared with that of the two-color laser field at intensity ratio I_2: I_1= 1 : 1 for the same total laser intensity of 2×10~(13)W/cm~2. Moreover, we investigate the effect of the carrier-envelope phase(CEP) on the molecular orientation and use the asymmetric degree of the laser field to explain the result. We also show the influences of the laser intensity, rotational temperature, and pulse duration on the molecular orientation. These results are meaningful for the theoretical and experimental studies on the molecular orientation.     

First principle study of edge topological defect-modulated electronic and magnetic properties in zigzag graphene nanoribbons

Zigzag graphene nanoribbon(ZGNR) is a promising candidate for next-generation spintronic devices. Development of the field requires potential systems with variable and adjustable electromagnetic properties. Here we show a detailed investigation of ZGNR decorated with edge topological defects(ED-ZGNR) synthesized in laboratory by Ruffieux in 2015[Pascal Ruffieux, Shiyong Wang, Bo Yang, et al. 2015 Nature 531 489]. The pristine ED-ZGNR in the ground state is an antiferromagnetic semiconductor, and the acquired band structure is significantly changed compared with that of perfect ZGNR. After doping heteroatoms on the edge, the breaking of degeneration of band structure makes the doped ribbon a half-semi-metal, and nonzero magnetic moments are induced. Our results indicate the tunable electronic and magnetic properties of ZGNR by deriving unique edge state from topological defect, which opens a new route to practical nano devices based on ZGNR.     

Self-compression of 1.8-μm pulses in gas-filled hollow-core fibers

We numerically study the self-compression of the optical pulses centered at 1.8-μm in a hollow-core fiber(HCF) filled with argon. It is found that the pulse can be self-compressed to 2 optical cycles when the input pulse energy is 0.2-m J and the gas pressure is 500-mbar(1 bar = 10~5 Pa). Inducing a proper positive chirp into the input pulse can lead to a shorter temporal duration after self-compression. These results will benefit the generation of energetic few-cycle mid-infrared pulses.     

短纤维增强EPDM包覆薄膜超弹性本构模型

短纤维增强三元乙丙橡胶(EPDM)包覆薄膜用于一种新型缠绕包覆工艺,主要解决复杂构型自由装填药柱外表面可靠性包覆问题.为了描述其在固体火箭发动机工作过程中产生的大变形、非线性和各向异性等力学行为,根据纤维增强复合材料连续介质力学理论,提出了各向异性超弹性本构模型.该模型中单位体积的应变能函数被解耦成两部分:表征各向同性的橡胶基体应变能和表征各向异性的纤维拉伸应变能,通过引入纤维方向对纤维应变能进行修正,给出了通过单轴拉伸、偏轴拉伸实验数据获取模型参数的具体方法.研究结果表明,该模型能够很好地预测材料在纤维方向0°~45°时的各向异性力学特性,并将预测结果与实验数据对比,误差在5%以下.所建立的各向异性超弹性本构模型准确性高、易于实现数值开发,在一定程度上能够为固体火箭发动机的装药结构完整性分析提供理论依据.     

基于高斯拟合的光纤型SPR信号的峰值检测算法

光纤型表面等离子共振光谱具有半峰宽较宽,共振峰不尖锐等特征,传统的针对棱镜型SPR光谱的峰值检测算法无法准确定位此类光谱的共振峰值。为了准确计算光纤型SPR光谱的共振波长,提出了一种基于信赖域算法的高斯拟合方法,在拟合的光谱曲线上利用一维搜索的方式确定峰值位置。通过对标准甘油光谱数据的处理,证明高斯拟合法能够适应光纤型SPR光谱的特征,波长计算准确。通过搭建的SPR系统,实验测量了不同浓度下蔗糖溶液的SPR光谱数据,并分别采用加权质心法,追踪质心法和该研究提出的高斯拟合法进行共振波长的计算。结果表明高斯拟合法能够有效提升分辨率,且运算速度较快,有利于工程集成。