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141.
Masao Kimura Yasuo Takeichi Toshiki Watanabe Yasuhiro Niwa Ken'ichi Kimijima 《Chemical record (New York, N.Y.)》2019,19(7):1462-1468
Macroscopic properties of carbon fiber‐reinforced plastic (CFRP) and environmental barrier coating (EBC), widely used for airplanes, can be deteriorated by local cracks or degradation (“trigger sites”). We have tried to find these trigger sites using x‐ray microscopy (XM), which can provide the 2D or 3D images of the chemical states and microstructures. Crack initiation in CFRP was observed in a non‐destructive manner in multi‐scales (nm‐mm). 3D chemical‐state mapping of Yb in EBC was achieved with high resolution (<50 nm). In addition to XM, in‐situ observations at high temperatures were conducted for obtaining complementary information. X‐ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) and x‐ray diffraction (XRD) analysis were performed simultaneously up to 1773 K. Dynamic XAS with short time‐resolution (<10 ns) was conducted to investigate changes in the local structure of metal. These approaches can help us identify degradation trigger sites in the materials. 相似文献
142.
A four-dimensional Walker geometry is a four-dimensional manifold M with a neutral metric g and a parallel distribution of totally null two-planes. This distribution has a natural characterization as a projective
spinor field subject to a certain constraint. Spinors therefore provide a natural tool for studying Walker geometry, which
we exploit to draw together several themes in recent explicit studies of Walker geometry and in other work of Dunajski [11]
and Pleba?ski [30] in which Walker geometry is implicit. In addition to studying local Walker geometry, we address a global
question raised by the use of spinors. 相似文献
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Danyao Du Dr. Yohei Katsuyama Dr. Kazuo Shin‐ya Dr. Yasuo Ohnishi 《Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English)》2018,57(7):1954-1957
While type II polyketide synthases (PKSs) are known for producing aromatic compounds, a phylogenetically new subfamily of type II PKSs have been recently proposed to synthesize polyene structures. Here we report in vitro analysis of such a type II PKS, IgaPKS for ishigamide biosynthesis. The ketoreductase (Iga13) and dehydratase (Iga16) were shown to catalyze the reduction of a β‐keto group and dehydration of a β‐hydroxy group, respectively, to form a trans double bond. Incubation of the acyl carrier protein (Iga10), the ketosynthase/chain length factor complex (Iga11–Iga12), Iga13 and Iga16 with malonyl and hexanoyl‐CoAs and NADPH followed by KOH hydrolysis resulted in the formation of four unsaturated carboxylic acids (C8, C10, C12, and C14), indicating that IgaPKS catalyzes tetraene formation by repeating the cycle of condensation, keto‐reduction and dehydration with strict stereo‐specificity. We propose “highly reducing type II PKS subfamily” for the polyene‐producing type II PKSs. 相似文献
146.
Dr. Tatsuki Kurokawa Dr. Shigeki Kiyonaka Dr. Eiji Nakata Dr. Masayuki Endo Shohei Koyama Emiko Mori Nam Ha Tran Huyen Dinh Dr. Yuki Suzuki Kumi Hidaka Dr. Masaaki Kawata Dr. Chikara Sato Prof. Hiroshi Sugiyama Prof. Takashi Morii Prof. Yasuo Mori 《Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English)》2018,57(10):2586-2591
In native systems, scaffolding proteins play important roles in assembling proteins into complexes to transduce signals. This concept is yet to be applied to the assembly of functional transmembrane protein complexes in artificial systems. To address this issue, DNA origami has the potential to serve as scaffolds that arrange proteins at specific positions in complexes. Herein, we report that Kir3 K+ channel proteins are assembled through zinc‐finger protein (ZFP)‐adaptors at specific locations on DNA origami scaffolds. Specific binding of the ZFP‐fused Kir3 channels and ZFP‐based adaptors on DNA origami were confirmed by atomic force microscopy and gel electrophoresis. Furthermore, the DNA origami with ZFP binding sites nearly tripled the K+ channel current activity elicited by heterotetrameric Kir3 channels in HEK293T cells. Thus, our method provides a useful template to control the oligomerization states of membrane protein complexes in vitro and in living cells. 相似文献
147.
Kecheng Xiao Hideo Ogawa Hideo Suzuki Yasuo Fukui 《International Journal of Infrared and Millimeter Waves》1998,19(1):15-31
A heterodyne receiver based on a 1/3 reduced height rectangular waveguide SIS mixer with two mechanical tuners has been built for astronomical observations of molecular transitions in the 230 GHz frequency band. The mixer used an untuned array (RnCj3, Rn70 ) of four Nb/AIOx/Nb tunnel junctions in series as a nonlinear mixing element. A reasonable balance between the input and output coupling efficiencies has been obtained by choosing the junction number N=4. The receiver exhibits DSB (Double Side Band) noise temperature around 50 K over a frequency range of more than 10 GHz centered at 230 GHz. The lowest system noise temperature of 38 K has been recorded at 232.5 GHz. Mainly by adjusting the subwaveguide backshort, the SSB (Single Side Band) operation with image rejection of 15 dB is obtained with the noise temperature as low as 50 K. In addition, the noise contribution from each receiver component has been studied further. The minimum SIS mixer noise temperature is estimated as 15 K, pretty close to the quantum limit v/k11 K at 230 GHz. It is believed that the receiver noise temperatures presented are the lowest yet reported for a 230 GHz receiver using untuned junctions. 相似文献
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The enantioselective synthesis of trimethyl octa-O-methylvaloneate (1) was accomplished using the Bringmann’s ‘lactone concept’, which involves the intramolecular biaryl coupling reaction of a phenyl benzoate derivative and the asymmetric lactone-opening reaction. 相似文献