全文获取类型
收费全文 | 39919篇 |
免费 | 4233篇 |
国内免费 | 2427篇 |
专业分类
化学 | 23063篇 |
晶体学 | 617篇 |
力学 | 2472篇 |
综合类 | 112篇 |
数学 | 4295篇 |
物理学 | 16020篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 41篇 |
2023年 | 554篇 |
2022年 | 949篇 |
2021年 | 981篇 |
2020年 | 1075篇 |
2019年 | 1074篇 |
2018年 | 980篇 |
2017年 | 866篇 |
2016年 | 1433篇 |
2015年 | 1295篇 |
2014年 | 1615篇 |
2013年 | 2401篇 |
2012年 | 3151篇 |
2011年 | 3450篇 |
2010年 | 2328篇 |
2009年 | 2252篇 |
2008年 | 2475篇 |
2007年 | 2333篇 |
2006年 | 2224篇 |
2005年 | 1856篇 |
2004年 | 1463篇 |
2003年 | 1128篇 |
2002年 | 1065篇 |
2001年 | 1309篇 |
2000年 | 1016篇 |
1999年 | 983篇 |
1998年 | 730篇 |
1997年 | 758篇 |
1996年 | 700篇 |
1995年 | 571篇 |
1994年 | 510篇 |
1993年 | 391篇 |
1992年 | 406篇 |
1991年 | 352篇 |
1990年 | 311篇 |
1989年 | 262篇 |
1988年 | 192篇 |
1987年 | 190篇 |
1986年 | 158篇 |
1985年 | 156篇 |
1984年 | 103篇 |
1983年 | 80篇 |
1982年 | 63篇 |
1981年 | 46篇 |
1980年 | 28篇 |
1979年 | 25篇 |
1978年 | 23篇 |
1976年 | 35篇 |
1975年 | 38篇 |
1974年 | 24篇 |
排序方式: 共有10000条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
81.
Mechatronic subsystems have been extensively developed in automotive applications as they increase performance compared to passive components. The Hydractive CRONE suspension based on fractional differentiation is presented as a hybrid system undergoing an infinite sequence of autonomous switchings. The modelling and operation of Hydractive CRONE suspension as a hybrid system are presented. The stability of Hydractive CRONE suspension is demonstrated using the maximum principle extended to hybrid systems. Finally, comfort mode synthesis is proposed using the third generation CRONE control system design. 相似文献
82.
V. V. Popov T. V. Teperik O. V. Polischuk X. G. Peralta S. J. Allen N. J. M. Horing M. C. Wanke 《Physics of the Solid State》2004,46(1):153-156
The terahertz absorption spectra of plasmon modes in a grid-gated double-quantum-well field-effect transistor structure is analyzed theoretically and numerically using the scattering matrix approach and is shown to faithfully reproduce strong resonant features of recent experimental observations of terahertz photo-conductivity in such a structure. 相似文献
83.
Ion-exchange resins, especially chelating resins are used for pre-concentration of metal ions in trace analysis as well as
for radiochemical separations following neutron activation of a variety of environmental samples. As part of a systematic
study of the sorption characteristics of chelating resins, sorption of Zn(II) and Cd(II) by three chelating resins were studied
for various acid conditions in nitrate and chloride media. Both Zn(II) and Cd(II) showed similar behavior. Under higher acid
conditions, maximum sorption occurred in 3M HCl solutions. Under low acid conditions, the sorption increased with pH. Chelex
100 gave the highest sorption among the three resins.
This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
84.
X. H. Li Y. Z. Meng S. J. Wang A. Varada Rajulu S. C. Tjong 《Journal of Polymer Science.Polymer Physics》2004,42(4):666-675
The composites of biodegradable poly(propylene carbonate) (PPC) reinforced with short Hildegardia populifolia natural fiber were prepared by melt mixing followed by compression molding. The mechanical properties, thermal properties, and morphologies of the composites were studied via static and dynamic mechanical measurements, thermogravimetric analysis, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) techniques, respectively. Static tensile tests showed that the stiffness and tensile strength of the composites increased with an increasing fiber content. However, the elongation at break and the energy to break decreased dramatically with the addition of short fiber. The relationship between the experimental results and the compatibility or interaction between the PPC matrix and fiber was correlated. SEM observations indicated good interfacial contact between the short fiber and PPC matrix. Thermogravimetric analysis revealed that the introduction of short Hildegardia populifolia fiber led to a slightly improved thermooxidative stability of PPC. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part B: Polym Phys 42: 666–675, 2004 相似文献
85.
Fang‐Chyou Chiu Sun‐Mou Lai Jong‐Wu Chen Pei‐Hsien Chu 《Journal of Polymer Science.Polymer Physics》2004,42(22):4139-4150
The melt mixing technique was used to prepare various polypropylene (PP)‐based (nano)composites. Two commercial organoclays (denoted 20A and 30B) served as the fillers for the PP matrix, and two different maleated (so‐called) compatibilizers (denoted PP‐MA and SMA) were employed as the third component. The results from X‐ray diffraction (XRD) and transmission electron microscope (TEM) experiments revealed that 190 °C was an adequate temperature for preparing the nanocomposites. Nanocomposites were achieved only if specific pairs of organoclay and compatibilizer were simultaneously incorporated in the PP matrix. For example, PP/20A(5 wt %)/PP‐MA(10 wt %) and PP/30B(5 wt %)/SMA(5 wt %) composites exhibited nanoscaled dispersion of 20A or 30B in the PP matrix. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) results indicated that the organoclays served as nucleation agents for the PP matrix. Generally, their nucleation effectiveness increased with the addition of compatibilizers. The thermal stability enhancement of PP after adding 20A was confirmed with thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). The enhancement became more evident as a suitable compatibilizer was further added. However, for the 30B‐included composites, thermal stability enhancement was not evident. The dynamic mechanical properties (i.e., storage modulus and loss modulus) of PP increased as the nanocomposites were formed; the properties increment corresponded to the organoclay dispersion status in the matrix. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part B: Polym Phys 42: 4139–4150, 2004 相似文献
86.
Xiaohui Yang Xiaoying Sun Jiajia Shao Yunhang Liu Xinling Wang 《Journal of Polymer Science.Polymer Physics》2004,42(22):4195-4198
A series of polymer electrolytes based on multiarm polymers and lithium salt complexes were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and impedance measurement. The relationships of conductivity with salt concentration, temperature, and arm numbers are discussed. It is suggested that the star polymer has a higher solvency and ion transfer ability on lithium salts than on linear polymers. The conductivity maximum appeared at a higher salt concentration ([EO]/[Li] = 4). Impedance measurement suggested that the optimum conductivity was 2 × 10?4 s · cm?1. The conductivity increased with temperature and the dependence of ionic conductivity on temperature fits the Arrhenius equation. Among the studied systems, the star polymer with a five arm number performs better than other structures. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part B: Polym Phys 42: 4195–4198, 2004 相似文献
87.
A new method for the synthesis of exfoliated graphite and polyaniline (PANI)/graphite nanocomposites was developed. Exfoliated graphite nanosheets were prepared through the microwave irradiation and sonication of synthesized expandable graphite. The nanocomposites were fabricated via the in situ polymerization of the monomer at the presence of graphite nanosheets. The as-synthesized graphite nanosheets and PANI/graphite nanocomposite materials were characterized with Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). The conductivity of the PANI/graphite nanocomposites was dramatically increased over that of pure PANI. TGA indicated that the incorporation of graphite greatly improved the thermal stability of PANI. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part B: Polym Phys 42: 1972–1978, 2004 相似文献
88.
自组装量子点材料作为一种新型的光电材料无论在理论和实际应用都成为当今物理学界的研 究热点.由GaAs包围的InAs小岛,由于较大的晶格失配(≈-0.067),应变效应在量子点 的 形成过程中起主导作用.大部分计算量子点结构应变分布的方法都是基于数值解法,需要大 量的计算工作.给出用格林函数法推导各种常见形状量子点应变分布的解析表达式详细过程,讨论了弹性各向异性和形状各向异性对量子点应变分布的影响程度.结果表明对于不 同形状量子点结构中主要部分的应变分布都是相似的,流体静压变部分的特征值随量子点形状的变化不
关键词:
自组装量子点
格林函数
应变分布 相似文献
89.
90.