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91.
The purpose of this study was to determine the validity of voice pleasantness and overall voice severity ratings of dysphonic and normal speakers using direct magnitude estimation (DME) and equal-appearing interval (EAI) auditory-perceptual scaling procedures. Twelve naive listeners perceptually evaluated voice pleasantness and severity from connected speech samples produced by 24 adult dysphonic speakers and 6 normal adult speakers. A statistical comparison of the two auditory-perceptual scales yielded a linear relationship representative of a metathetic continuum for voice pleasantness. A statistical relationship that is consistent with a prothetic continuum was revealed for ratings of voice severity. These data provide support for the use of either DME or EAI scales when making auditory-perceptual judgments of pleasantness, but only DME scales when judging overall voice severity for dysphonic speakers. These results suggest further psychophysical study of perceptual dimensions of voice and speech must be undertaken in order to avoid the inappropriate and invalid use of EAI scales used in the auditory-perceptual evaluation of the normal and dysphonic voice. 相似文献
92.
Dmitry A Butov Yuri N Pashkov Anna L Stepanenko Aleksandra I Choporova Tanya S Butova Dendev Batdelger Vichai Jirathitikal Aldar S Bourinbaiar Svetlana I Zaitzeva 《Journal of immune based therapies and vaccines》2011,9(1):3
Placebo-controlled, randomized, phase 2b trial was conducted in 34 adults comprising 18 first-diagnosed (52.9%), 6 relapsed
(17.6%), and 10 MDR-TB (29.4%) cases to investigate the safety and efficacy of an oral immune adjunct (V5). The immunotherapy
(N = 24) and placebo (N = 10) arms received once-daily tablet of V5 or placebo for one month in addition to conventional anti-TB
therapy (ATT) administered under directly observed therapy (DOT). 相似文献
93.
Tanya L. Leise 《Journal of the mechanics and physics of solids》2005,53(3):639-653
We develop a general solution method for a dynamically accelerating crack under anti-plane shear conditions along the interface between two different homogeneous isotropic elastic materials. The crack is initially at rest, and after loading is applied the crack-tip speed which may accelerate up to the shear wave speed of the more compliant material. The analysis includes an exact, closed-form expression for the stress intensity factor for an arbitrary time-dependent crack-face traction, as well as expressions for computing the crack-face displacements and the stress in front of the crack. We also present some numerical examples for fixed loads and for loads moving with the crack tip, using a stress intensity factor fracture criterion, in order to examine the predicted effect of material mismatch on interfacial fracture. 相似文献
94.
Spectroscopic studies on a dansyl-based fluorescent sensor N-(4-aminophenyl)-5-(dimethylamino)naphthalene-1-sulphonamide (1) and its interactions with transition metals are reported. The sensor's absorption and emission spectra exhibited different profiles at different polarities and pH values. Enhanced fluorescence was observed in the presence of chromium(III) ions in methanol, while the emission was quenched significantly in the presence of mercury(II) ions both in methanol and aqueous solution. The binding constants of 1 to chromium(III) in methanol and to mercury(II) ions in methanol and aqueous solution were calculated. 相似文献
95.
96.
Carruthers C Ronson TK Sumby CJ Westcott A Harding LP Prior TJ Rizkallah P Hardie MJ 《Chemistry (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)》2008,14(33):10286-10296
A series of clathrate and metal complexes with cyclotriveratrylene-like molecular host ligands show a similar dimeric homomeric inclusion motif in which a ligand arm of one host is the intra-cavity guest of another and vice versa. This "hand-shake" motif is found in the trinuclear transition metal complex [Cu(3)Cl(6)(1)]CH(3)CN1.5 H(2)O in which 1 is tris(4-[2,2',6',2'-terpyridyl]benzyl)cyclotriguaiacylene; in the self-included M(4)L(4) tetrahedral metallo-supramolecular assembly [Ag(4)(2)(4)] (BF(4))(4) in which 2 is tris-(2-quinolylmethyl)cyclotriguaiacylene; in the 1D coordination chains [Ag(4)]ReO(4) CH(3)CN and [Ag(5)]SbF(6)3 DMFH(2)O in which 4 is tris(1H-imidazol-1-yl)cyclotriguaiacylene and 5 is tris{4-(2-pyridyl)benzyl}cyclotriguaiacylene; and in the acetone clathrate of tris{4-(2-pyridyl)benzyl-amino}cyclotriguaiacylene. Clathrates of ligands 2 and 5 do not show the same dimeric motif, although 2 has an extended homomeric inclusion motif that gives a hexagonal network. 相似文献
97.
Barbara Kensington-Miller Julia Novak Tanya Evans 《International Journal of Mathematical Education in Science & Technology》2016,47(6):853-862
This paper describes a case study of two pure mathematicians who flipped their lecture to teach matrix determinants in two large mathematics service courses (one at Stage I and the other at Stage II). The purpose of the study was to transform the passive lecture into an active learning opportunity and to introduce valuable mathematical skills, such as debate, argument and disagreement. The students were told in advance to use the online material to prepare, which had a short handout on matrix determinants posted, as the lesson would be interactive and would rely on them having studied this. At the beginning of the lesson, the two mathematicians worked together to model the skill of professional disagreement, one arguing for the cofactor expansion method and the other for the row reduction method. After voting for their preferred method, the students worked in small groups on examples to defend their choice. Each group elected a spokesperson and a political style debate followed as the students argued the pros and cons of each technique. Although one lecture does not establish whether the flipped lecture model is preferable for student instruction, the paper presents a case study for pursuing this approach and for further research on incorporating this style of teaching in Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics subjects. 相似文献
98.
Daron E. Janzen Michael Juchum Shaun R. Presow Tanya K. Ronson Wolfgang Mohr Rodolphe Clérac 《Supramolecular chemistry》2016,28(1-2):125-140
Sandwich coordination complexes, [LnIII(H3L)2]X3?solvents, of Tb(III), Eu(III), Dy(III), Ho(III) and Er(III) were prepared with two new zwitterionic ester-substituted tripodal amine ligands, tris((2-hydroxy-5-n-butyl benzoate)aminoethyl)-amine (H3L1) and tris((2-hydroxy-5-methyl benzoate)aminoethyl)-amine (H3L2). These ligands were synthesised by condensation of the appropriately substituted salicylaldehyde with tris(2-aminoethyl)amine (tren) followed by in situ reduction of the tris-imine to tris-amine. Subsequent 2:1 reaction with lanthanide(III) ions yields [LnIII(H3L)2]X3?solvents (L = L1, L2; X = Cl?, NO3?; solvents = MeOH or H2O). All complexes were characterised by microanalysis, infrared spectroscopy, high resolution mass spectrometry and solid-state photoluminescence measurements. The crystal structures of [TbIII(H3L1)2]Cl3·6MeOH, [Dy(H3L1)2]Cl3·6MeOH, [EuIII(H3L1)2]Cl3·6MeOH and [TbIII(H3L1)2](NO3)3 reveal high-crystallographic ?3 symmetry at the O6-coordinated octahedral lanthanide(III) ions and that the tripodal ligands are bound in zwitterionic form: the protons from the phenolic oxygens have migrated to the amino nitrogens. Photoluminescence measurements indicate various degrees of energy transfer of the ligand chromophore to the lanthanide ions, as both ligand and lanthanide emission features are observed. Despite the high-crystallographic symmetry and the likely small transverse magnetic anisotropy of the complexes, no evidence of slow relaxation of the magnetisation, characteristic of a single-molecule magnet, was observed for [TbIII(H3L1)2]Cl3·MeOH·3H2O, [DyIII(H3L1)2]Cl3·6H2O, [HoIII(H3L1)2](NO3)3·2H2O, [ErIII(H3L1)2]·H2O and [TbIII(H3L1)2](NO3)3 down to 2.0 K. 相似文献
99.
Titanium dioxide (TiO2) is one of the best semiconductor photocatalysts with optical band gap of 3.2 eV. The optical band gap and photocatalytic properties could be further tuned by tailoring shape, size, composition, and morphology of the nanostructures. Hydrothermal synthesis methods have been applied to produce well-controlled nanostructured TiO2 materials with different morphologies and improved optoelectronic properties. Among various morphologies, one-dimensional (1D) TiO2 nanostructures are of great importance in the field of energy, environmental, and biomedical because of the directional transmission properties resulting from their 1D geometry. Particularly, TiO2 nanorods (NRs) have gained special attention because of their densely packed structure, quantum confinement effect, high aspect ratio, and large specific surface area that could specially improve the directional charge transmission efficiency. This results in the effective photogenerated charge separation and light absorption, which are really important for potential applications of TiO2-based materials for photocatalytic and other important applications. In this review, hydrothermal syntheses of TiO2 NRs including the formation chemistry and the growth mechanism of NRs under different chemical environments and effects of various synthesis parameters (pH, reaction temperature, reaction time, precursors, solvents etc.) on morphology and optoelectronic properties have been discussed. Recent developments in the hydrothermal synthesis of TiO2 NRs and tailoring of their surface properties through various modification strategies such as defect creation, doping, sensitization, surface coating, and heterojunction formation with various functional nanomaterials (plasmonic, oxide, quantum dots, graphene-based nanomaterials, etc.) have been reported to improve the photocatalytic activities. Furthermore, applications of TiO2 NRs/tailored TiO2 NRs as superior photocatalysts in degradation of organic pollutants and bacterial disinfection have been discussed with emphasis on mechanisms of action and recent advances in the fields. 相似文献
100.