Mean-field derivation of the interacting boson model Hamiltonian and exotic nuclei

A novel way of determining the Hamiltonian of the interacting boson model (IBM) is proposed. Based on the fact that the potential energy surface of the mean-field model, e.g., the Skyrme model, can be simulated by that of the IBM, parameters of the IBM Hamiltonian are obtained. By this method, the multifermion dynamics of surface deformation can be mapped, in a good approximation, onto a boson system. The validity of this process is examined for Sm and Ba isotopes, and an application is presented to an unexplored territory of the nuclear chart, namely, the right lower corner of 208Pb.     

Synthesis of anatase nanoparticles with extremely wide solid solution range and ScTiNbO6 with α-PbO2 structure

Anatase-type nanoparticles Sc_XTi_1−2XNb_XO₂ with wide solid solution range (X=0-0.35) were hydrothermally formed at 180 °C for 5 h. The lattice parameters a₀ and c₀, and the optical band gap of anatase gradually and linearly increased with the increase of the content of niobium and scandium from X=0 to 0.35. Their photocatalytic activity and adsorptivity by the measurement of the concentration of methylene blue (MB) that remained in the solution in the dark or under UV-light irradiation were evaluated. The anatase phase existed stably up to 900 °C for the samples with X=0.25-0.30 and 750 °C for that with X=0.35 during heat treatment in air. The phase with α-PbO₂ structure and the rutile phases coexisted in the samples with X=0.25-0.30 after heated at temperatures above 900-950 °C. The α-PbO₂ structure having composition ScTiNbO₆ with possibly some cation order similar to that seen in wolframite existed as almost completely single phase after heat treatment at temperatures 900-1500 °C through phase transformation from anatase-type ScTiNbO₆.     

Structural control of Schiff base ligands for selective extraction of copper(II).

Structural control of Schiff base ligands for selective extraction of copper(II) was investigated by changing pendant arms and the distance between two imine-N donor atoms in ligands. Di-Schiff base ligands, N,N'-bis(2-quinolylmethylidene)-1,2-diiminoethane (BQIE), N,N'-bis(2-pyridylmethylidene)-1,3-diimino-2,2-dimethylpropane (BPMP) and N,N'-bis(2-quinolylmethylidene)-1,3-diimino-2,2-dimethylpropane (BQMP), were used as complexation reagents for ion-pair extraction of divalent transition metal cations into nitrobenzene with picrate anion. The pendant arms affected the lipophilicity of ligand to nitrobenzene, due to their polarity. The distance between two imine-N atoms, on the contrary, was a factor of controlling the extraction selectivity. BQMP has both 2-quinolyl pendant arms and trimethylene backbone structure; use of BQMP as a complexation reagent led to the selective extraction of Cu2+ in the system.     

电子器件制造过程中的一种均匀化加热法的数值研究

本文提出了喷嘴沿被加热物体宽度方向往复移动式射流冲击加热方法,该加热方法可提高被加热物体的等温性。通过进行数值模拟,得到了在任意时刻,被加热物体的温度分布及全体计算时间内被加热物体表面平均温度分布,进而得到了喷嘴移动周期与被加热物体的等温性的关系。     

White and Taylor Type Guest Host Displays Without Scattering Effects Using the Tilted Boundary Conditions

White and Taylor type guest host displays using the tilted boundary condition have been reported. The parallel or the perpendicular boundary condition is usually used for these displays and both conditions cause scattering phemomena after the electric field removal. The present paper reports the relaxation processes of samples with the tilted boundary after the field removal. Using the tilted boundary, two types of nonscattering conditions depending on the thickness of the liquid crystal layer (d), the natural pitch (Po) and the boundary condition (φ) exist. Both types of conditions are discussed in detail.     

Synthesis of porphyrin-incorporated polymers and their application for simultaneous detection of multimetal components by using spectrophotometry

For the purpose of detection of multimetal components in environment, alteration of the spectrophotometrical metal sensitivity of porphyrin was attempted. Two porphyrin-incorporated polymers were newly synthesized by the free radical copolymerization of protoporphyrin IX disodium salt and vinyl monomers, and their metal sensitivities were examined by measuring the difference absorption spectra. These porphyrin-incorporated polymers showed different metal sensitivities and their sensitivities were altered by change of pH. Three measuring reagents, which were different in the combination of the porphyrin-incorporated polymers and pH, were used for the simultaneous detection of multimetal components in metal ion mixtures. The difference spectra of these reagents showed the separate peaks corresponding to six metal ions, Bi(III), Co(II), Cu(II), Mn(II), Pb(II), and Zn(II). The spectra were acquired reproducibly by using standard normal variate (SNV) transformation. Furthermore, this method was applied to detect multimetal components in water samples such as tap water and industrial effluent.     

Stochastic approach to nuclear shell model

We propose a Quantum Monte Carlo diagonalization method for solving the quantum many-body interacting systems. Not only the ground state but also low-lying excited states are obtained with their wave functions. Consequently the level structure of low-lying states can be studied with realistic interactions. After testing this method with⁴⁸Cr, we report that the doubly closed shell probability of⁵⁶Ni is shown to be only 53% in a full pf shell calculation, in contrast to the corresponding probability of⁴⁸Ca which reaches 86%. The most recent results on³²Mg are presented. Presented by T. Otsuka at the International Conference on “Atomic Nuclei and Metallic Clusters”, Prague, September 1–5, 1997. This work was supported in part by Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B) (No. 08454058) from the Ministry of Education, Science and Culture.     

Correlation between retention data of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and several descriptors in supercritical-fluid chromatography

Chromatographia - The correlation between retention data of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) obtained in various supercritical fluid-chromatographic systems (SFC systems) and several...