A SENSITIVE METHOD FOR DETERMINING CHLOROPHYLL b IN PLANT EXTRACTS

Abstract— A new method of using hydroxylamine as the reagent was developed to determine the concentrations of chlorophylls a and b in plant extracts accurately and sensitively. The method is based on the principle that hydroxylamine reacts in a short time with the aldehyde group of chlorophyll b in 95 per cent methanol at pH 5.8 to afford a derivative having a red band similar in position to the red band of chlorophyll a , while the spectrum of chlorophyll a is unaffected by the treatment with hydroxylamine. The method includes the measurements of absorbanlce for the mixture of a plant extract with hydroxylamine and for the reagent blank at a single wavelength, 666 mμ, and the concentrations of chlorophylls a and b are calculated from the absorbance value for the reagent blank and the increment of absorbance due to the reaction. By measuring this increment directly by difference photometry, one can determine a low concentration of chlorophyll b relative to chlorophyll a . The contents of chlorophylls in matured and etiolated leaves were determined by the method, and the errors included in this method were shown to be smaller than those in a commonly used technique including the measurements at two different wavelengths.     

Synthesis of pyrimidinopurinophanes

Synthesis and structures of the title compounds 2a–d are described. In spite of non-parallel orientation of the two base rings, fairly large hypochromism was observed for 2a–d.     

Hydrothermal synthesis of potassium molybdenum oxide bronzes: structure-inheriting solid-state route to blue bronze and dissolution/deposition route to red bronze

The hydrothermal syntheses of the alkali metal molybdenum bronzes from starting solids (H_xMoO₃) with structural affinities to the desired products were investigated. Single-phase potassium blue and red bronzes were prepared by the hydrothermal treatments at around 430 K, and characterized by powder X-ray diffraction, IR spectroscopy, and SEM. The formation processes of these two bronzes during the hydrothermal treatments were found to differ. The blue bronze was formed by a structure-inheriting solid-state route from H_xMoO₃ with x<0.3, whereas the red bronze was formed for x>0.3 through a solution dissolution/deposition route via the formation of MoO₃+MoO₂.     

Adsorption Isotherm of Water Vapor and Its Large Hysteresis on Highly Ordered Mesoporous Silica

The first and second adsorption–desorption isotherms of water vapor on a new mesoporous material derived from kanemite have been measured. The isotherms show unusual type V isotherms and large hysteresis. The type V isotherms, which have never been observed for the other adsorbates, suggest that the mesoporous material has a hydrophobic surface, although the hydrophobicity decreased after treatment with water vapor because of rehydration of the surface. The significantly large hysteresis could be explained by the difference in contact angle between adsorption and desorption.     

SCF MO INDO calculation of g-tensors of some σ-type radicals

The Longuet-Higgins and Pople type SCF MO theory was applied to the all-valence-electron systems of several -type radicals and their g-tensors were theoretically calculated with the Stone's equation. Principal values or diagonalyzed g-tensors were obtained and compared with experimental values in ESR spectra.     

Prospective study to assess the clinical efficacy of bone scintigraphy--some analyses of clinical data

The value of preoperative bone scans in patients with primary breast and prostate cancer was evaluated prospectively. Of 414 patients with breast cancer, clinical stage I is 14, II is 219, IIIA is 59, IIIB is 39 and IV is 14. Of 88 patients with prostate cancer, clinical stage I is 14, II is 15, III is 18 and IV is 41. 11 percent of patients with breast cancer and 54 percent of patients with prostate cancer had bone metastases. Clavicle, ribs, thoracic spine, lumbar spine and pelvis metastasized most frequently. The incidences of bone metastases were 18.4% with Scirrhous carcinoma, 15.4% with Medullary tubular carcinoma and 3.8% with Papillotubular carcinoma. The methodology and results of ROC analysis were described in our other papers. Some results of data analysis were described in this paper.