青霉素G钾盐在CTAB胶束中的水解及其抑制

以紫外光谱法研究了青霉素G钾盐(Pen-K)在十六烷基三甲基溴化铵（CTAB）胶束体系中的水解反应, 并探讨了水解反应机理.结果表明, CTAB胶束对Pen-K的水解具有抑制作用; Pen-K在CTAB胶束体系水解时,体系pH值的变化与在水中相似, 表明H＋浓度对这种抑制作用影响较小.红外光谱和微极性研究表明,部分Pen-K钾盐定位于CTAB胶束栅栏层中, 增加了其稳定性.     

戊烯自由基阳离子的密度泛函理论研究

使用密度泛函理论B3LYP方法和6-31G(d,p)、6-31＋G(d,p)、6-311G(d,p)及6-311＋G(d,p)基组，分别对2-C5H10＋和1-C5H10＋的各种构象进行了几何构型优化，并用B3LYP/6-311G(d,p)进行了频率分析计算.计算预言1-C5H10＋具有非平面构型，与以往报导的从头算计算结论相反.在两个自由基阳离子的各种构象的B3LYP几何构型上，进行了B3LYP和UMP2(full)方法的超精细偶合常数计算，得到了比以往更好的结果.     

甲烷直接氧化制甲醇Ⅱ．催化膜反应器（CMR）

采用溶胶－凝胶（Ｓｏｌ－Ｇｅｌ）法制备了微孔结构均匀的“ＳｉＯ＿２／陶瓷”膜和“Ｍｏ－Ｃｏ－·Ｏ／ＳｉＯ＿２／陶瓷”催化功能膜，并用ＸＲＤ、ＳＥＭ和孔径测定等技术进行了表征。在常压、５００～７００℃的条件下，在催化膜反应器（ＣＭＲ）中考察了甲烷氧化制甲醇的反应。在相似的反应条件下（转化率为１．０％），用ＣＭＲ（甲醇选择性１１．２％）可获得较固定床反应器（甲醇选择性４．５％）高得多的甲醇选择性。     

电磁波对化学反应非致热作用的实验研究

微波加快化学反应速度除微波对反应物的加热以外还有非致热的作用，本文用实验证实了电磁波对离子和极性分子的洛仑兹力的作用导致了指前因子和活化能的变化，并提出用电磁作用因子描术电磁波对化学反应作用的大小。     

Oligomerization and Polymerization of Ethylene Initiated by a Novel Ni(Ⅱ)-Based Acetyliminopyridine Complexes as Single-Site Catalysts

Novel Ni(Ⅱ)-based acetyliminopyridine complexes 1b, 2b, 3b (1-3b), which are synthesized from ligands 1a, 2a, 3a (1-3a) and [NiCl2(DME)], are suitable precursors for the catalysts that are necessary for ethylene oligomerization and polymerization reactions, activated by methylaluminoxane (MAO). The MAO-treated 1-3b presents an active catalytic center, which may oligomerize and polymerize ethylene to produce linearα-olefins and polyethylene, respectively. The molecular weight distributions of oligomers that are obtained are in good agreement with the Schulz-Flory rules for oligomers>C4. The activity of 3b-MAO complex is 6.3×107 g/(molNi·h) at 50℃. The activities and molecular weight distributions of oligomers show significant reliance on the structures of catalyst precursors.     

Uniform hierarchical silica film with perpendicular macroporous channels and accessible ordered mesopores for biomolecule separation

Herein, we demonstrate that silica films with perpendicular macroporous channels and accessible ordered mesopores can be conveniently prepared. The hierarchical macroporous–mesoporous silica films are synthesized by using zinc oxide nanorod array as macroporous template and CTAB surfactant as mesoporous template. In basic surfactant-containing solution, ordered mesoporous silica shells homogeneously grow on the zinc oxide nanorod array. The growth of the mesostructures do not require any chemical modification for the zinc oxide nanorod, which opens a new way for preparing hierarchical silica films with perpendicular mesochannels. The prepared hierarchical macroporous–mesoporous silica films possess a uniform thickness of 2 mm, large perpendicular macropores with a length of 1.8 mm and a width of 80 nm, and accessible ordered mesopores. Separation experiment demonstrates that this macroporous–mesoporous film can effectively separate biomolecules with different sizes.     

Soluble factor from tumor cells induces heme oxygenase-1 by a nitric oxide-independent mechanism in murine peritoneal macrophages

Tumor target-derived soluble secretary factor has been known to influence macrophage activation to induce nitric oxide (NO) production. Since heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) is induced by a variety of conditions associated with oxidative stress, we questioned whether soluble factor from tumor cells induces HO-1 through NO-dependent mechanism in macrophages. We designated this factor as a tumor-derived macrophage-activating factor (TMAF), because of its ability to activate macrophages to induce iNOS. Although TMAF alone showed modest activity, TMAF in combination with IFN-gamma significantly induced iNOS expression and NO synthesis. Simultaneously, TMAF induced HO-1 and this induction was slightly augmented by IFN-gamma. Surprisingly, however, induction of HO-1 by TMAF was not inhibited by the treatment with the highly selective iNOS inhibitor, 1400 W, indicating that TMAF induces the HO-1 enzyme by a NO-independent mechanism. While rIFN-gamma alone induced iNOS, it had no effect on HO-1 induction by itself. Collectively, the current study reveals that soluble factor from tumor target cells induces HO-1 enzyme in macrophages. However, overall biological significance of this phenomenon remains to be determined.     

Characteristic sequences for DNA primary sequence

A DNA sequence can be identified with a word over an alphabet N = [A, C, G, T]. Characteristic sequences of a DNA sequence are given in term of classifications of bases of nucleic acids. Using the characteristic sequences, we construct a set of 2 x 2 matrices to represent DNA primary sequences, which are based on counting of the frequency of occurrence of all (0,1) triplets of characteristic sequences. Furthermore, the leading eigenvalues of these matrices are computed and considered as invariants for the DNA primary sequences. Similarity and dissimilarity analysis based on the characteristic sequences are given for eight exon-1 genes of beta-globin about eight species.     

一氧化碳的双共振多光子电离研究

用两束脉冲染料激光进行了CO的光学双共振四光子电离, 获得了转动分辩的CO A~(1Π)←X~(1Σ~+)和B~(1Σ~+)←A~(1Π)跃迁的光谱。观察到了在此2+1光子相继吸收中特有的选择定则。动力学研究表明CO基态到A~(1Π)态的双光子吸收是速率决定步骤, 其吸收截面约为1×10~(-49) cm~4 s。还测定了A~(1Π)态的单态转动传能截面。对于宇称指数e守恒、△J×±1的过程的截面约为0.05 nm; 随△J值增大而减小。对相同的△J, e正负变号的过程的截面总是小于e不变过程的截面。