一种基于新型小波包阈值的图像去噪方法

提出了一种基于小波包理论去除图像噪声的方法,用小波包把图像分解为高频分量和低频分量,根据高频分量估计噪声的标准差,并利用该标准差以及Birge-Massart惩罚函数计算阈值.鉴于传统软硬阈值的缺陷,采用一种新型阈值量化方法,用三次多项式在硬阈值的基础上插值,使新的阈值函数保持了连续性和可导性.通过这种方法既消除了图像的振铃现象,又保留了细节成分.实验表明：与传统方法相比,新方法使图像视觉效果和峰值信噪比均获得提高.     

不同负荷下餐厨垃圾与水稻秸秆共消化厌氧产氢研究

进料负荷对餐厨垃圾与水稻秸秆混合厌氧发酵产氢过程有重要影响. 以进料负荷为影响因子, 设置温度均为55℃的餐厨垃圾与水稻秸秆混合厌氧发酵产氢实验, 其中进料负荷(以VS计)分别设置为(A)5kg?m-3?d-1、(B)10kg?m-3?d-1、(C)15kg?m-3?d-1, 分析厌氧产氢过程中产气量、产氢速率、pH、VFAs、氨氮、SCOD等参数的变化. 实验结果表明: B组发酵底物产气量最大, 为8664mL, 产氢速率也最大, 为748.3mL?h-1, 反应过程中pH始终维持在5.5±0.1内, 是厌氧产氢的最佳范围. 实验结束时, 各组VFAs、氨氮浓度分别为7292.46、8248.35、8558.24mg?L-1和544.48、754.31、1458.33mg?L-1. 同时各组SCOD浓度变化趋势相似. 在研究范围的最佳进料负荷下, 进行回流比分别为10%、30%、50%的实验, 结果显示30%回流比的产氢量最大, 为56039mL, 同时运行过程中系统稳定性较好. 综上所述, 进料负荷为10kg?m-3?d-1, 30%回流比的餐厨垃圾与水稻秸秆混合厌氧发酵产氢时, 微生物活性较好, 能够产生更多的氢气. 这一结果可为餐厨垃圾资源化提供参考依据.     

人体静电放电对有机发光二极管的影响

研究了静电放电（ESD）人体模式（HBM）下的脉冲应力对有机发光二极管（OLED）的性能及寿命的影响,并讨论了相应的物理机制。对比分析了4组OLED在施加ESD放电为0,200,800,1 600 V前后的电学和光学特性,并进行了相应的寿命测试分析。研究发现,OLED器件的光谱对ESD不敏感,随着冲击电压的增大,由于静电打击对载流子的短期抑制效应,OLED的亮度出现轻微下降。在静电冲击电压为200 V和800 V时,伏安特性没有发生变化;当静电冲击电压增至1 600 V时,反向漏电有明显增加。后续的加速寿命实验表明,静电打击对器件的工作寿命没有明显的规律性影响,但是会一定程度提高非本质老化失效的概率。     

Tomatidine-stimulated maturation of human embryonic stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes for modeling mitochondrial dysfunction

Human embryonic stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes (hESC-CMs) have been reported to exhibit immature embryonic or fetal cardiomyocyte-like phenotypes. To enhance the maturation of hESC-CMs, we identified a natural steroidal alkaloid, tomatidine, as a new substance that stimulates the maturation of hESC-CMs. Treatment of human embryonic stem cells with tomatidine during cardiomyocyte differentiation stimulated the expression of several cardiomyocyte-specific markers and increased the density of T-tubules. Furthermore, tomatidine treatment augmented the number and size of mitochondria and enhanced the formation of mitochondrial lamellar cristae. Tomatidine treatment stimulated mitochondrial functions, including mitochondrial membrane potential, oxidative phosphorylation, and ATP production, in hESC-CMs. Tomatidine-treated hESC-CMs were more sensitive to doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity than the control cells. In conclusion, the present study suggests that tomatidine promotes the differentiation of stem cells to adult cardiomyocytes by accelerating mitochondrial biogenesis and maturation and that tomatidine-treated mature hESC-CMs can be used for cardiotoxicity screening and cardiac disease modeling.Subject terms: Heart failure, Embryonic stem cells, Stem-cell differentiation     

A Docosahexaenoic Acid Derivative (N-Benzyl Docosahexaenamide) as a Potential Therapeutic Candidate for Treatment of Ovarian Injury in the Mouse Model

Commonly used clinical chemotherapy drugs, such as cyclophosphamide (CTX), may cause injury to the ovaries. Hormone therapies can reduce the ovarian injury risk; however, they do not achieve the desired effect and have obvious side effects. Therefore, it is necessary to find a potential therapeutic candidate for ovarian injury after chemotherapy. N-Benzyl docosahexaenamide (NB-DHA) is a docosahexaenoic acid derivative. It was recently identified as the specific macamide with a high degree of unsaturation in maca (Lepidium meyenii). In this study, the purified NB-DHA was administered intragastrically to the mice with CTX-induced ovarian injury at three dose levels. Blood and tissue samples were collected to assess the regulation of NB-DHA on ovarian function. The results indicated that NB-DHA was effective in improving the disorder of estrous cycle, and the CTX+NB-H group can be recovered to normal levels. NB-DHA also significantly increased the number of primordial follicles, especially in the CTX+NB-M and CTX+NB-H groups. Follicle-stimulating hormone and luteinizing hormone levels in all treatment groups and estradiol levels in the CTX+NB-H group returned to normal. mRNA expression of ovarian development-related genes was positive regulated. The proportion of granulosa cell apoptosis decreased significantly, especially in the CTX+NB-H group. The expression of anti-Müllerian hormone and follicle-stimulating hormone receptor significantly increased in ovarian tissues after NB-DHA treatment. NB-DHA may be a promising agent for treating ovarian injury.     

高压静电场促进植物生长技术的研究

高压静电场促进植物生长技术源于自然又高于自然 ,它包括静电种子处理和静电场生长环境等技术 .文章论述了该技术的实施方法 ,并报道了已经取得的初步成果 .     

达旦黄-曲通X-100体系共振光散射法测定蛋白质

基于在Triton X-100存在下,蛋白质与达旦黄作用使得体系的共振光散射增强,在λ＝492 nm处光散射强度最大,增强作用的强弱与蛋白质的含量成正比,据此建立了共振光散射测定蛋白质的新方法。此方法对牛血清白蛋白的检出限达到17.7 ng·mL-1,线性范围为0.03～0.9 μg·mL-1,用于合成样与人血清样品的分析,取得了令人满意的结果。同时也研究了人血清白蛋白、鸡蛋白蛋白、溶菌酶、胰蛋白酶与达旦黄的作用。     

关于分布函数极大值位置的讨论

将关于某个变量的连续分布函数进行变数变换,除非新老变数为线性关系,否则变换前后的分布函数的极大值之间的关系一般会不同于新老变数之间的关系。     

温度对铌酸锂电光相位调制特性的影响

利用折射率椭球基本理论对线性电光效应进行了分析,对单轴晶体铌酸锂电光相位调制器的温度特性进行了研究。通过计算机进行数值模拟计算,分析了加电场时光通过LiNbO3电光调制器后出射光的相位变化与温度间的关系,得出在横向和纵向调制中温度对相位改变的影响。研究发现,无论在横向还是在纵向调制下,入射光偏振方向不同但其各自受温度影响的相位变化趋势大体一致,即随着晶体中温度的增加而增大。计算结果表明,LiNbO3电光调制的最佳使用方案为：电场沿x主轴方向施加,入射光偏振方向为感应主轴x’方向,且LiNbO3电光调制器粟用横向相位调制方式。     

增生性疤痕组织与正常上皮组织FTIR光谱研究

通过对40例疤痕组织和正常皮肤组织的ETIR光谱比较分析发现,由于个体差异,其光谱均可分为三种不同类型。此外,疤痕组织中的胶原、蛋白质、核酸和脂类等生物大分子的吸收峰强度均在不同程度上高于正常皮肤组织,但两者的A_(1083)/A_(1548)并无明显差异。提示疤痕组织中的细胞仍属正常生长,治疗中不应损伤。