多面转镜激光器扫频光学相干层析成像系统的全光谱重采样方法

在多面转镜激光器扫频光学相干层析成像系统中,激光器存在着输出光谱错位与扫频范围波动的问题.目前的重采样方法中,普遍利用互相关运算校正光谱错位,并进行大范围的截取,保证扫频范围的一致性,但这会导致成像信噪比与分辨率的降低.本文用马赫-曾德尔干涉仪(MZI)采集到的干涉信号对扫频范围波动的问题进行了详细的测量与分析,其中干涉信号的解缠相位曲线的非随机性和平行性,表明该类激光器输出光谱的波长分布具备一致性.在此基础上,提出了一种用最长扫频范围的MZI干涉信号,对样品干涉信号进行时域光谱对齐、然后进行一对多插值的重采样方法.实验与分析表明,该方法利用了所有的光谱信号,保证了样品干涉信号的能量利用率,能有效提高图像的信噪比与分辨率.     

混合式光纤陀螺惯导系统在线自主标定

混合式光纤陀螺惯导系统IMU的安装误差、光纤陀螺的漂移及标度因数等参数会随着时间发生变化,对系统误差产生影响,使系统在使用一段时间之后精度发生变化,因而需要重新标定。在混合式系统中,通过台体旋转调制,惯性元件常值漂移误差对系统的影响得到抑制,但安装误差和标度因数误差对系统的影响无法得到完全调制,这些误差会与地速及旋转角速率耦合,引起锯齿形速度误差,降低了系统的各项性能。针对混合式惯导系统,建立了IMU误差模型,设计出一种在线自主标定方法,并进行了可观性分析。该方法采用"速度+位置"匹配,对惯导系统30项相关误差项进行在线标定。系统实验结果表明,系统级在线标定参数较分立式标定参数在导航定位精度上提高了半个数量级。     

高精度惯导系统重力扰动的阻尼抑制方法

重力扰动已经成为高精度长航时惯导系统的主要误差源之一。针对船用高精度惯导系统的重力扰动抑制问题,从舰船INS误差模型出发,推导了重力扰动在惯导系统中的传播特性。仿真结果表明垂线偏差将引起系统较大的舒拉振荡误差。为抑制重力扰动对系统的影响,引入常速度误差反馈阻尼网络和相位超前串联阻尼网络。分析了重力扰动在水平阻尼网络中的传递特性,实现了相应滤波器的设计。在此基础上完成了实验验证,海上试验结果表明,所引入的两种阻尼网络都能够阻尼掉重力扰动引起的舒拉振荡型导航误差,其中,相位超前串联阻尼网络效果更优,抑制率达到70%以上。     

Analysis of the induction of the myelin basic protein binding to the plasma membrane phospholipid monolayer

Myelin basic protein(MBP) is an essential structure involved in the generation of central nervous system(CNS)myelin.Myelin shape has been described as liquid crystal structure of biological membrane.The interactions of MBP with monolayers of different lipid compositions are responsible for the multi-lamellar structure and stability of myelin.In this paper,we have designed MBP-incorporated model lipid monolayers and studied the phase behavior of MBP adsorbed on the plasma membrane at the air/water interface by thermodynamic method and atomic force microscopy(AFM).By analyzing the pressure–area(π–A) and pressure–time(π–T) isotherms,univariate linear regression equation was obtained.In addition,the elastic modulus,surface pressure increase,maximal insertion pressure,and synergy factor of monolayers were detected.These parameters can be used to modulate the monolayers binding of protein,and the results show that MBP has the strongest affinity for 1,2-dipalmitoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoserine(DPPS) monolayer,followed by DPPC/DPPS mixed and1,2-dipalmitoyl-sn-glycero-3-phospho-choline(DPPC) monolayers via electrostatic and hydrophobic interactions.AFM images of DPPS and DPPC/DPPS mixed monolayers in the presence of MBP(5 n M) show a phase separation texture at the surface pressure of 20 m N/m and the incorporation of MBP put into the DPPC monolayers has exerted a significant effect on the domain structure.MBP is not an integral membrane protein but,due to its positive charge,interacts with the lipid head groups and stabilizes the membranes.The interaction between MBP and phospholipid membrane to determine the nervous system of the disease has a good biophysical significance and medical value.     

Image reconstruction tomography with only a method for laminar optical single Monte-Carlo simulation

Laminar optical tomography （LOT） is a new mesoscopic functional optical imaging technique. Currently, the forward problem of LOT image reconstruction is generally solved on the basis of Monte-Carlo （MC） methods. However, considering the nonlinear nature of the image reconstruction in LOT with the increasing number of source positions, methods based on MC take too much computation time. This letter develops a fast image reconstruction algorithm based on perturbation MC （pMC） for reconstructing the absorption or scattering image of a slab medium, which is suitable for LOT or other functional optical tomography system with narrow source-detector separation and dense sampling. To calculate the pMC parameters, i.e., the path length passed by a photon and the collision numbers experienced in each voxel with only one baseline MC simulation, we propose a scheme named as the trajectory translation and target voxel regression （TT＆TVR） based on the reciprocity principle. To further speed up the image reconstruction procedure, the weighted average of the pMC parameters for all survival photons is adopted and the region of interest （ROI） is extracted from the raw data to save as the prior information of the image reconstruction. The method is applied to the absorption reconstruction of the layered inhomogeneous media. Results demonstrate that the reconstructing time is less than 20 s with the X - Y section of the sample subdivided into 50 × 50 voxels, and the target size quantitativeness ratio can be obtained in a satisfying accuracy in the source-detector separations of 0.4 and 1.25 mm, respectively.     

捷联寻北信号采集系统研究

基于捷联寻北信号采集系统,提出了一种在不同地理纬度下准确获得陀螺数据拟合曲线的方法。首先计算得出了在不同地理纬度下动调陀螺输出的电流大小,根据其变化调整信号采集模块的采样电阻值,设计了基于数字电位器的自调整采样电阻系统;然后数据处理系统根据采集到的陀螺信号自动计算工作地点的地理纬度,自调整采样电阻系统通过地理纬度自动设置采样电阻的阻值,进而获得准确的数据拟合曲线。本方法确保了寻北仪在不同地理纬度时满足寻北精度要求,适应性强,稳定性高。     

基于法国实验客体的X射线准直技术研究

通过研究法国实验客体(FTO)的闪光照相过程,设计了静态照相过程中采用的准直措施,除传统的一二级准直体外,还通过添加三级准直体来进一步控制入射到客体边缘部分的X射线,从而降低散射的影响。蒙特卡罗方法模拟结果表明,采用三级准直技术可以有效地控制散射的影响,图像接收平面各边界的直散比有了明显的提升。     

光纤陀螺电路对陀螺温度性能影响的实验研究

针对干涉式光纤陀螺的电路在环境温度变化时影响陀螺输出的问题,设计了电路部分相关的温度实验,得到陀螺输出与电路温度变化之间的关系.根据陀螺输出和温度变化对陀螺输出进行补偿.结果显示,经补偿的陀螺零偏漂移减小为未补偿时的23%,零偏稳定性提高了7.32倍.     

大学物理课程思政教学设计与探索——以流体力学为例

通过对大学物理课程思政元素的分析与总结,以流体力学一章为例对理想流体模型、伯努利方程及其推论等知识点从“课程思政”教学设计方面进行了有益的探讨,推动了大学物理中流体力学课程思政的有效开展,为大学物理课程思政教学改革实践提供了一定的参考.     

用于高能X射线能谱测量的MLS法

为满足高能X射线能谱测量的需要,提出采用MLS法进行能谱测量的方案。MLS法克服了其他测量方法散射不易控制、光场不均匀性影响较大的缺点,还具有对不同角度能谱进行测量的优势。对MLS法的测量原理以及测量过程中的注意事项进行了明确,并利用蒙特卡罗方法针对一特定的X射线能谱设计了两种不同介质的测量装置,并将测量装置自身散射的影响控制在5%以内。