碳点在样品前处理及色谱分离中的应用

碳点（CDs）具有生物相容性好、毒性低、稳定性好等优点,目前已广泛应用于生物成像、传感、光催化等领域。近年来,以CDs为吸附剂和分离材料的样品前处理和色谱分离研究也引起了研究者的极大兴趣。该文对CDs在样品前处理和色谱分离中的应用进行了综述,并对其发展前景进行了展望。     

石墨烯量子点磁性复合纳米粒子分散固相微萃取-毛细管电泳法测定肉桂酸及其衍生物

通过一步化学共沉淀法制备了石墨烯量子点(graphene quantum dots,GQDs)包覆的Fe3O4磁性纳米复合材料(Fe3O4-GQDs),并将其用于肉桂酸及其衍生物(肉桂酸、3,4-二甲氧基肉桂酸、4-甲氧基肉桂酸、阿魏酸、反-4-羟基肉桂酸)的固相微萃取,并与毛细管电泳联用建立了测定肉桂酸及其衍生物的新方法。实验考察了吸附溶液的pH值、吸附时间、吸附剂用量、脱附时间等因素对萃取效率的影响。实现了肉桂酸及其衍生物的快速高效富集和高灵敏度检测,加标回收率为86.2%~96.2%,相对标准偏差为1.8%~4.3%。结果表明,合成的Fe3O4-GQDs磁性纳米粒子可作为一种良好的吸附材料应用于特定样品的富集。     

四氮杂大环铜(Ⅱ)参与的新型振荡反应实验研究

本文报道了以 5,7,1 2 ,1 4 -四乙基 - 7,1 4 -二甲基 - 1 ,4,8,1 1 -四氮杂环十四 - 4 ,1 1 -二烯铜 ( )配合物为催化剂 ,Na Br O3 为氧化剂 ,丙酮酸为有机底物 ,稀硫酸为介质的振荡反应新体系。对该体系的振荡特性进行了描述 ,并研究了 Ag 、Hg2 ,还原性物质 ,自由基抑制剂 ,四氯化碳以及温度对振荡反应的影响。     

吡啶基-羧基纤维的合成及其对Cu(Ⅱ)的吸附性能

以腈纶纤维(1)为基础骨架,经多胺交联、水解引入羧基和酰胺化反应接枝吡啶基合成了吡啶基-羧基两性纤维(3),其结构经IR和元素分析表征。对Cu(Ⅱ)的吸附性能研究结果表明:3对铜溶液不经pH调节即可达到良好的吸附效果,最大饱和吸附容量为133.7 mg·g-1,高于羧基纤维素。     

Determination of the vapor–liquid transition of square-well particles using a novel generalized-canonical-ensemble-based method

The square-well(SW) potential is one of the simplest pair potential models and its phase behavior has been clearly revealed, therefore it has become a benchmark for checking new theories or numerical methods. We introduce the generalized canonical ensemble(GCE) into the isobaric replica exchange Monte Carlo(REMC) algorithm to form a novel isobaric GCE-REMC method, and apply it to the study of vapor–liquid transition of SW particles. It is validated that this method can reproduce the vapor–liquid diagram of SW particles by comparing the estimated vapor–liquid binodals and the critical point with those from the literature. The notable advantage of this method is that the unstable vapor–liquid coexisting states,which cannot be detected using conventional sampling techniques, are accessed with a high sampling efficiency. Besides,the isobaric GCE-REMC method can visit all the possible states, including stable, metastable or unstable states during the phase transition over a wide pressure range, providing an effective pathway to understand complex phase transitions during the nucleation or crystallization process in physical or biological systems.     

An Abnormal Vibrational Mode of Torsion Pendulum

In the experiment for the determination of the gravitational constant G,we found an abnormal vibrational mode of the torsion pendulum.The abnormal mode disappeared as a magnetic damper was introduced to the torsion pendulum system.Our experimental results also show that the magnetic damper can be used to suppress the high frequency vibrational noises to torsion pendulums effectively.     

Yamabe流下Laplace算子的第一特征值

本文得到Yamabe流下拉普拉斯算子的第一特征值的发展方程.我们证明出,在光滑的齐性流形(M(t),g)上,若λ(t)表示拉普拉斯算子的特征值,那么沿着规范化后的Yamabe 流,λ(t)=d,而且沿着非规范化的Yambe流,λ(t)=ded,这里d是一个常数,c表示齐性流形的数量曲率.而且作为发展方程的应用,我们得到...     

基于干扰管理理论的航空备件模型参量扰动性分析

概述了干扰管理理论的内涵、意义以及目标,依据未来不确定因素引起飞机备件需求量变化以及备件供应时限性增强的实际情况,创建了时限一致度算子,优化了备件需求泊松分布模型,提高了备件供应的精确度,并选取了优化后的模型中的多个参量,进行了多因素的扰动性分析,最后构造了算例,验证了本方法的科学性和有效性.     

基于Z矩阵映射和选择加密的彩色图像退化算法研究

首先提出了一种可应用于加密的三维Z矩阵映射,并从理论上证明了其良好的密码学特性,其次提出了两种基于不同选择加密模板的彩色图像退化算法并进行了仿真实验.最后,对所提出的两种退化算法从性能和安全性上进行了有效的分析,证明了算法的可靠性.     

Multidimensional Z-Matrix with Control Parameters and Its Applications in Image Encryption

An n-dimensional Z-matrix with control parameters is presented, and its periodicity and chaos are testified. Experimental results show that the proposed Z-matrix has a long period and changeable periodicity with different dimensions. Some examples of image encryption with a Z-matrix of different dimensions are listed for demonstrating its applications.