六方氮化铝纳米线本征缺陷和氧杂质的光致发光谱研究

利用AlCl3和NaN3直接反应合成出六方结构氮化铝纳米线.变温光致发光谱显示,在可见光范围内有两个半高宽大约为5 nm的尖锐辐射峰,中心波长分别位于413 nm和422 nm处.同时,在近紫外区还有一个较宽的辐射带,随着温度升高,该辐射峰发生了明显的红移现象,其中心波长随温度线性变化.理论和实验分析表明,413 nm辐射与AlN本身性质无关,而422 nm辐射峰是与A1有关的两种本征缺陷所致.     

Neutron and Proton Diffusion in Fusion Reactions for the Synthesis of Superheavy Nuclei

The restriction of the one dimensional （1D） master equation （ME） with the mass number of the projectile-like fragment as a variable is studied, and a two-dimensional （2D） master equation with the neutron and proton numbers as independent variables is set up, and solved numerically. Our study showed that the 2D ME can describe the fusion process well in all projectile target combinations. Therefore the possible channels to synthesize super-heavy nuclei can be studied correctly in wider possibilities. The available condition for employing 1D ME is pointed out.     

用位置灵敏光电倍增管读出的CsI(Tl)探测器

报道了用双维位置灵敏光电倍增管读出的CsI(T1)探测器,其CsI(T1)晶体厚度为10mm,灵敏面积为60mm×60mm.探测器的空间位置分辨为0.81mm(FWHM).用蒙特卡罗的方法对该探测器作了进一步模拟研究,其结果与实际测试的结果很好地一致.     

Optical property measurements of 235 mm large-scale Ti:sapphire crystal

A Ti:sapphire crystal with a diameter of 235 mm and thickness of 72 mm was grown by the heat exchange method(HEM). The absorption intensity of the crystal at 532 nm averaged at 91%. The figures of merit(FOMs)at different positions of the crystal were measured and the FOM value in the central region was found to reach 90.The transmittance laser beam was intact with no obvious distortions and had only a small deformation compared with the incident laser beam. A small-signal amplification experiment was performed on the Ti:sapphire crystal and a gain of more than 6 times was achieved with a pump energy density of 1.98 J∕cm~2. These tests indicate that the 235 mm Ti:sapphire crystal has excellent optical qualities and will further improve the energy output of a 10 PW laser system.     

二极管激光吸收光谱法对低气压介质阻挡放电等离子体中氩的亚稳态的诊断

利用可调谐二极管激光吸收光谱技术对低气压氩气介质阻挡放电等离子体进行诊断,重点考察了Ar亚稳态1s₅和1s₃的数密度和气体温度随放电电压,气压,流量,极板间距,以及随N₂配比的变化情况。实验基于朗伯-比尔(Lambert-Beer)定律,通过计算吸收谱线的吸收峰面积求取Ar亚稳态的数密度,同时对谱线进行Voigt拟合得到多普勒展宽,进而求出气体温度。Ar亚稳态主要由电子碰撞产生,但同时电子也会碰撞亚稳态发生猝灭作用,从而使数密度减少;气体温度则与等离子体的实际功率、电子的状态以及粒子之间的碰撞有关。实验结果表明在本实验条件范围内,Ar亚稳态数密度和气体温度随放电电压和流量的增大都先增大,之后逐渐趋于平缓,但两者随流量的变化幅度都较之随放电电压的小,增长较缓慢。随气压的升高,Ar亚稳态数密度和气体温度先增加并达到一个极大值,而之后逐渐降低。实验数据表明,气压对谱线展宽有较明显的影响作用。适当增大极板间距,Ar亚稳态数密度明显降低,但气体温度却有所升高。N₂的加入对亚稳态有很强的猝灭作用,0.5%的N₂就会使数密度下降50%,但随着N₂浓度的进一步增大,其数密度不再明显降低。     

超二代及三代像增强器不同响应波段的参数测量及比较

对A光源分别进行550 nm、625 nm以及675 nm的短波截止,对比测量了超二代和三代像增强器的光谱响应、阴极灵敏度、增益、分辨力以及信噪比.在10-1 lx照度条件下,当对A光源进行675 nm的短波截止之后,三代像增强器的分辨力未出现下降,而超二代像增强器的分辨力却下降到初始值的94％;但在10-4 lx照度...     

ICP-AES 分析超导粉中杂质元素的干扰系数矩阵校正法

利用ICP-AES法测定了铋系超导前驱粉（BSCCO）中Fe,Cr,Ni,Si,Al和Ba等微量杂质元素,优化了仪器测定参数并研究了酸的种类及浓度对测定结果的影响。系统研究了BSCCO基体元素Bi,Sr,Pb,Ca和Cu对微量杂质元素测定的干扰,分别测定了每个基体元素对测定元素的校正系数并组成交互干扰校正矩阵,采用全选主元高斯消去法计算出基体元素产生的背景等效浓度,再计算出样品的真实浓度。用此方法对合成标样中的上述微量杂质元素进行了测定,分析结果的回收率99.5％～100.5％,测定了实际样品中的杂质元素,并与ICP-MS法进行了对比,二者结果一致。     

S型异质结光催化剂ZnFe2O4/WO3的构筑及光催化还原CO2性能

通过在WO₃纳米片表面负载ZnFe₂O₄纳米颗粒,构建了一系列S型异质结光催化剂ZnFe₂O₄/WO₃,并研究了其光催化CO₂还原性能。在没有助催化剂和牺牲剂的条件下,所制备的ZnFe₂O₄/WO₃复合材料可对CO₂与水蒸汽进行光催化反应。优化后的材料光照5 h后CO₂还原产物CO和CH₄的产量分别为7.87和4.88 μmol·g^-1。相对于单相组分,CO和CH₄的产量明显提高。光催化活性的提高,归因于ZnFe₂O₄和WO₃异质结的形成以及光生载流子的S型电荷传输模式。     

Synthesis and Crystal Structure of a New Guanidinatoaluminium Complex and Its Utility in the Meerwein-Ponndorf-Verley Reduction

The treatment of pyrrolidine(C_4H_8NH) with sequentially trimethylaluminum and carbodiimide Cy N=C=NCy in a molar ratio of 1:1:1 in the presence of O_2 afforded a new guanidinatoaluminum complex, [{(C_4H_8N)C(NCy)_2}Al Me(μ-OMe)]2(1), which was characterized by elemental analyses, ~1H, ~(13)C NMR spectra and single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis. Complex 1 crystallizes in monoclinic, space group P21/c with a = 9.8330(9), b = 8.5786(8), c = 24.159(2) ?, β = 92.927(2)°, V = 2035.3(3) ?3, Dc = 1.141 g cm-3, F(000) = 768 and μ = 0.110 mm-1. In addition, complex 1 was used to catalyze the Meerwein-Ponndorf-Verley(MPV) reduction and 1 as a pre-catalyst at low catalyst loadings(5 mol%) exhibited good catalytic activity for the reduction of a series of aldehydes to the corresponding alcohols in good yields(conv. up to 99%).     

多元醇二元体系固-固相变机理的研究

多元醇在一定温度下发生固-固相变,大量文献都报道了它们的固-固相变焓、相变温度以及相图.本文以红外光谱测试结果以及量热实验结果为基础,探讨了新戊二醇/季戊四醇二元体系的固-固相变焓与氢键的关系:二元体系中部分分子间氢键变弱,变弱的氢键更易于断裂;温度上升到一定值,新戊二醇在季戊四醇中的相向塑性晶体相相变时保留下来的氢键断裂,形成二元体系的量热曲线的第二个吸收峰;高新戊二醇浓度的二元体系,可能保留下来的氢键数量少,第二个吸收峰对应的焓值小,但保留的氢键受新戊二醇影响更大,第二个吸收峰对应的温度更低.