共轭尺寸和表面氧化协同触发的红色荧光碳点用于有机溶剂中痕量水的检测

以邻苯二胺和盐酸多巴胺为前体,利用磷酸调节反应体系的pH值(pH=7, 3, 1),制备了荧光逐渐红移的碳点(CDs):CDs-7(绿光)、 CDs-3(橙光)和CDs-1(红光).通过透射电子显微镜(TEM)、拉曼光谱(Raman)、傅里叶变换红外光谱(FTIR)、 X射线电子能谱(XPS)、紫外-可见吸收光谱和荧光衰减曲线分析表明,反应体系pH值的减小促进了前体碳化交联,导致sp2共轭域尺寸和石墨化程度增加,从而使CDs的荧光红移.另外,酸性环境有利于使CDs表面氧化形成羧基,促进CDs荧光红移的同时改善了量子效率(QY).利用CDs-1量子产率高(14.8%)和发光的溶剂依赖特性,将其作为荧光探针分别检测了乙醇(EtOH)、 N,N-二甲基甲酰胺(DMF)和1,4-二氧六环(DIO)中的痕量水,检出限分别为0.86%, 0.123%和0.023%,表明CDs-1在痕量水的检测方面具有应用潜力.     

Monitoring photo-thermal response and collagen remodeling of mouse skin with multiphoton microscopy

Two-photon excitation fluorescence （TPEF） and second-harmonic generation （SHG） are detected through multiphoton microscopy （MPM）. The major signals have the potential to monitor the process of tissue changes. TPEF and SHG are used to monitor the skin photo-thermal response to irradiation with intense pulsed light sources （A is in the range of 560-1200 nm） and trace the process of skin remodeling in vivo at different time intervals. TPEF intensity is nearly unchanged at different time intervals after irradiation, whereas SHG intensity changes considerably. The results reveal the photo-thermal effect of nonablative light sources and the process of collagen remodeling at the sub-micron level.     

L-5-羟基色氨酸粉晶晶体结构解析

以50%甲醇溶液为提取溶剂,从加纳籽中提取L-5-羟基色氨酸(HTP),采用RP-HPLC获得纯度为99.5%样品,经80%甲醇溶液重结晶获得多晶粉末.利用X射线粉末衍射技术结合计算晶体学方法解析其粉晶晶体结构,模拟图谱与实验图谱的Rwp值为5.06%.结果表明:该晶体属单斜晶系,P2_1空间群,晶胞参数为a=13.69927 ±0.01967(A),b=5.34550 ±0.00756(A),c=7.88219±0.01129(A),a=y=90.00000°,β=86.25936±0.00359°,Z=2,V=579.973(A)~3,并在此基础上对其晶体生长特性进行了分析.     

高下路空气孔型光子晶体环形谐振腔的设计

提出一种基于二维正方晶格光子晶体空气孔型高下路效率的环形谐振腔,通过压缩线缺陷波导的宽度实现单模有效控制,同时讨论内围光子晶体列数对传输场的影响,然后运用二维时域有限差分方法数值分析了耦合强度及环区局部折射率调制对下路效率、品质因子以及下路波长等参量的影响.结果表明:当波导宽度为0.7个晶格常量,耦合强度为0个晶格常量,在信道波长为1 528.1nm时,下路效率为99%,品质因子Q为379;当耦合强度提高到1个晶格常量,下路波长稍微漂移为1 524.3nm,品质因子显著提高到1 397,而下路效率下降为89%.同时,下路波长会随着环区折射率的增加呈线性红移.     

Investigation of transient two-photon excited fluorescence in biological tissue

The fluorescence power from biological tissue excited by a femtosecond laser pulse compared with excitation power does not appear to obey a simple quadratic relationship given by the steady non-linear theory.A more reliable analysis is developed based on transient two-photon absorption because the response time of two-photon absorption is longer than the width of a femtosecond pulse.Good agreement is obtained between the theoretical analysis and the experimental results of fluorescence power versus excitation power.This letter offers potential value to non-linear optics in biological tissues.     

星载光学系统遮光罩消杂光结构优化设计方法

本文对星载光学系统遮光罩消杂光结构的优化设计做了初步探讨。提出了遮光罩和挡光环消杂光设计的基本原则．给出了一种二级遮光罩结构寸的优化设计方法和一种遮光罩内壁上挡光环位置优化设计方法，并对一级和二级遮光罩进行了初步的分析比较。     

哺乳动物五种离体组织光学特性的测量

光在哺乳动物组织中的传输依赖于组织体的光学特性,组织的光学特性是由吸收系数、散射系数和散射相位函数决定的。我们设计并实现了哺乳动物5种离休组织光学特性的测量。对实验方法和技术作了较大的改进,联合组织体漫反射特性和光能流率的测定,获得了满意的结果:光穿透深度δ=1.1～5.06mm,吸收系数μ_a=0.4～1.6cm^-1.有效散射系数μ_s(1-g)=2.7～17.7cm^-1.这种测量方法可用于人体组织光学特性的测量。     

快速简便的青霉素效价测定法——Ⅱ.场效应管型青霉素传感器的测定方法和应用

将已研制的场效应管(FET)型青霉素传感器应用于工厂和研究所发酵样液的青霉素效价测定。通过与现行的碘量法和比色法进行对比,证明FET型青霉素传感器能够代替碘量法与比色法,是一个简单、快速的青霉素效价检测法。     

一种基于身份的匿名无线认证协议

针对移动用户漫游时需进行匿名认证问题,利用双线性对和椭圆曲线的相关特性,提出了一种基于身份的匿名无线认证协议.并对该协议的安全性和匿名性进行了详细分析,给出了移动用户匿名性在非认证链路模型下安全的形式化证明.分析表明,该协议实现了用户与接入点的双向身份认证和移动用户身份的匿名性,满足无线网络环境的安全需求.与同类协议相比计算量大幅减少,为匿名无线认证提供了一种较实用的解决方案.     

Influence of single scattering and multiple scattering on backscattered Mueller matrix in turbid media

Monte Carlo algorithm and Stokes-Mueller formalism are used to simulate the propagation behavior of polarized light in turbid media. The influence of single scattering and multiple scattering on backscattered Mueller matrix in turbid media is discussed. Single and double scattering photons form the major part of backscattered polarization patterns, while multiple scattering photons present more likely as background. Further quantitative analyses show that single scattering approximation and double scattering approximation are quite accurate when discussing the polarization patterns near the incident point.