固相萃取-液相色谱-串联质谱法检测小鼠肌肉组织中矮壮素

建立了快速检测小鼠肌肉组织中矮壮素的固相萃取-液相色谱-串联质谱(SPE-LC-MS/MS)方法。小鼠肌肉样品经乙腈提取,弱阳离子交换(WCX)固相萃取柱净化,3 mL甲酸-甲醇(1∶99,V/V)重力洗脱。采用亲水作用色谱柱(HILIC),含10 mmol/L乙酸铵、0.1%甲酸水溶液-乙腈(40∶60,V/V)为流动相,以电喷雾正离子(ESI+)、多反应监测模式(MRM)进行矮壮素的定性分析,采用基质标准曲线外标法进行定量分析。结果表明:矮壮素的线性范围为5.0～500.0μg/L,线性相关系数为0.9991。在10.0,100.0和200.0μg/kg添加浓度下的回收率为73.2%～82.3%;相对标准偏差小于9.3%;方法定量限为10.0μg/kg,能够满足小鼠肌肉组织中痕量矮壮素检测的要求。     

Ca0.5Sr0.5TiO3弹性和热学性质的第一性原理研究

利用能量最小原理, 确定了Ca_0.5Sr_0.5TiO₃晶体中4c位置的Ca/Sr原子对称分布, 建立了Ca_0.5Sr_0.5TiO₃稳定的晶体结构, 在此基础上利用基于密度泛函理论第一性原理的平面波超软赝势方法, 采用局域密度近似和广义梯度近似函数, 计算了Ca_0.5Sr_0.5TiO₃的晶格参数、弹性常数、体弹模量、剪切模量、杨氏模量、泊松比, 并基于Christoffel方程的本征值研究了平面声波的特征, 基于Cahill和Cahill-Pohl模型研究了最小热导率的特征. 计算结果表明: Ca_0.5Sr_0.5TiO₃晶格参数和实验值很接近, 体弹模量大于剪切模量, [100], [010], [001]晶向的杨氏模量、泊松比、普适弹性常数(A^U)以及杨氏模量三维图均显示了弹性各向异性; 平面声波在(010), (001)平面呈现各向异性, 在(100)平面呈现各向同性, 平面声波大小与平均横波和平均纵波的数值很接近. Cahill模型最小热导率在各平面呈现各向同性, Cahill-Pohl模型最小热导率在高温时趋于恒定. 准谐德拜模型下Ca_0.5Sr_0.5TiO₃ 晶体的摩尔热容和热膨胀系数与CaTiO₃晶体的接近, 并且高温下具有稳定的热膨胀性能. 计算所得禁带宽度为2.19 eV, 导带底主要是Ti-3d与O-2p态电子贡献; 由电荷布居和电荷密度图理论证实Ca_0.5Sr_0.5TiO₃具有稳定的Ti-O八面体结构.     

Effect of pressure on the elastic properties and optoelectronic behavior of Zn_4B_6O_(13): First-principles investigation

The hydrostatic-pressure-dependent mechanical stability and optoelectronic behavior of Zn_4B_6O_(13)(ZBO) are calculated using the exchange-correlation functional Perdew–Burke–Ernzerhof generalized gradient approximation and the hybrid functional PBE0 based on density functional theory. The calculated and experimental unit cell volumes and Vickers hardness of ZBO at zero pressure agree well. ZBO is mechanically stable under the critical pressure of 52.98 GPa according to the generalized stability criteria. Furthermore, Young's modulus and Vickers hardness decrease with increasing hydrostatic pressure. The strength and type of ZBO bonds are investigated by population and electron density difference. The electronic structure at zero pressure reveals that ZBO is an indirect band gap semiconductor, and the calculated 5.62-e V bandgap coincides well with the 5.73-e V experimental value, highlighting the success of the hybrid functional PBE0 calculations of electronic properties. The band gap almost increases as a second-order polynomial of pressure, and the indirect nature does not change with the applied external pressure. The optical reflectivity and absorption coefficient show that ZBO is an excellent ultraviolet photodetector. Our calculation results suggest that the elastic and optical properties of ZBO are highly stable over a wide pressure range.     

回归基础——例析2011年高考题中的数列问题对高考备考复习的启示

数列问题在近几年的江苏高考中均有体现,而且大多为高考数学压轴题,对学生解决数列问题的技巧和方法有着非常高的要求,教师在复习备考过程中进行了大量的数列的习题训练,但是效果不佳.其实高考题具有很强的代表性和示范性,对高考题进行深入地探索,挖掘其潜在的价值,能有效地避免陷入"题海"战术,减负增效.譬如,2011年江苏高考数学试题最后一道压轴题是一道数列问题,只要学生平时认真落实了课本上关于等差数列概念及相关知识,掌握一些分析问题与解决问题     

Anisotropy of elasticity and minimum thermal conductivity of monocrystal M4AlC3 （M = Ti,Zr, Hf）

The elastic constants, elastic anisotropy index, and anisotropic fractional ratios of Ti4AlC3, Zr4AlC3, and Hf4AlC3 are studied by using a plane wave method based on density functional theory. All compounds are characterized by the elastic anisotropy index. The bond length, population, and hardness of the three compounds are calculated. The degrees of hardness are then compared. The minimum thermal conductivity at high temperature limitation in the propagation direction of [0001](0001) is calculated by the acoustic wave velocity, which indicates that the thermal conductivity is also anisotropic. Finally, the electronic structures of the compounds are analyzed numerically. We show that the bonding of the M4AlC3 lattice exhibits mixed properties of covalent bonding, ionic bonding, and metallic bonding. Moreover, no energy gap is observed at the Fermi level, indicating that various compounds exhibit metallic conductivity at the ground state.     

分光光度法测定饮料中六偏磷酸钠添加剂

在pH 8.6的Tris-HCl缓冲溶液中,六偏磷酸钠使天青B在溶液中发生聚集,溶液由天蓝色逐渐变为紫色,体系的吸光度降低,光散射增强.在优化条件下,在6.0 ×10-7～1.0×10-5 mol/L范围内,天青B在602 nm处的吸光度降低与六偏磷酸钠浓度呈良好的线性关系,检出限(3σ)为 5.3 ×10-7 mol/L.对浓度为5.0×10-6 mol/L的六偏磷酸钠溶液平行测定11次,其相对标准偏差为 2.5%.本方法用于饮料中添加剂六偏磷酸钠含量的分析,平均标准加入回收率为99.5%～112.3%,可实现六偏磷酸钠的可视化半定量检测.     

六方晶格基底上薄膜生长的Monte Carlo模拟研究

利用Monte Carlo（MC）方法,模拟研究了六方晶格基底上薄膜生长的初始阶段岛的形貌和岛的尺寸与薄膜覆盖度以及入射粒子沉积速率之间的关系. 结果表明在基底温度为300K时,岛的形貌主要表现为分形生长,随着薄膜覆盖度的增加,岛的分形枝簇变大,岛的数目不断减少. 在同样的温度下,随着入射粒子沉积速率的增大,薄膜表面的形貌逐步由少数聚集型岛核分布状态向众多各自独立的离散型岛核分布状态过渡. 进一步研究得出,薄膜覆盖度和入射粒子沉积速率对粒子扩散能力的影响最终导致岛的形貌发生了改变.     

一类广义Lyapunov矩阵方程的正定解

研究了双线性系统中的一类广义Lyapunov矩阵方程的正定解.基于混合单调算子不动点定理,给出新的存在正定解的充分条件,构造了求其正定解的不动点迭代方法,并给出了迭代误差估计公式.数值实验表明新方法是可行的.