The relation between composition in laser absorption region and ambient pressure

In this paper, the compositions in a laser absorption region can be determined from the experiment of laser impulse coupling. When the ambient pressure varies from 9325 to 33325Pa, the compositions are vapour and plasma; while from 35325 to 101325Pa, they are ambient air and plasma. By analysing the relation between the degree of compression and the ambient pressure, the compositions can be determined and the variation of plasma can be explained.     

Moessbauer Investigation of the Ferromagnetic Coupling in Copper-Iron Polycyanides

One of the Prussian blue analogs, molecular magnet Cu3^Ⅲ [Fe^Ⅲ (CN)6]2.11.6H2 O, was investigated by Moessbauer spectroscopy. It was found that transition temperature was around Tc = 18.5 K from paramagnetic phase to ferromagnetic phase. The β value of the critical exponent is around 0.338 at magnetic ordering temperature.Therefore, the ferromagnetic coupling interaction of Cu-Fe cyanide could be clearly explained by spin wave theory.     

天然钻石与合成钻石的特异性光谱初步研究

通过紫外-可见-近红外(UV-Vis-NIR) 吸收光谱、傅里叶变换红外(FTIR)光谱及钻石观测仪( DiamondViewTM)对天然钻石、经辐照或热处理的天然钻石、高温高压(HTHP)合成钻石及化学气相沉积(CVD)合成钻石进行了较系统的谱图及微区生长结构的对比研究。结果表明：天然钻石、经辐照或高温退火处理后的天然钻石、高温高压(HTHP)合成钻石的UV-Vis-NIR吸收谱图在200～1 100 nm区间谱图的反射率变化明显。相比之下,CVD合成钻石的反射率的变化相对较小。基于钻石样品的红外光谱分析,在其图谱中的800～1 600 cm-1区间,合成钻石样品、特别是CVD合成钻石在上述区间无明显的特征吸收峰位。此外,DiamondViewTM检测表明：一般而言,经HTHP处理后的CVD合成钻石出现平行的位错线,并呈现淡蓝色荧光。部分天然钻石可见典型的八面体生长线或称为树的年轮状图像,且因样品经辐照与高温高压处理后其荧光图像的颜色发生改变。高温高压合成钻石呈现出块状几何生长图像。限于钻石样品类别的多样性及合成钻石工艺的复杂且不断更新特征,天然钻石与合成钻石 的UV-Vis-NIR或FTIR光谱特征存在一定的相似性,因此不具有典型天然钻石图谱特征的样品需进一步辅以DiamondViewTM、光致发光光谱等其他检测仪器予以综合分析。     

转筒黏度计测量液体黏度方法研究

用黏性流体力学理论求得测量装置中旋转液体径向速度梯度的理论公式,进而得到转筒法测量黏度的较精确公式.指出了国内的一些教材和文献在推导中使用近似公式的错误,用参数估计的方法求得测量装置的摩擦阻力力矩,使测量结果得到进一步校正.实验研究表明:按照近似公式与精确公式计算求得的径向速度梯度之差可达到13.1%,求得的液体黏度之差可达到28.6%;在蓖麻油的温度为25.5℃时测得测量装置的摩擦阻力力矩为9.482×10-5 N·m,相当于0.540克重物产生的力矩.     

非偏振贝塞尔高斯光束的球散射

无衍射光束球散射性质的研究目前一般采用贝塞尔光束,但是贝塞尔光束在物理上是不可实现的。贝塞尔高斯光束作为近似无衍射光束,是亥姆霍兹方程在傍轴条件下的解,并且可以用激光振荡器直接产生,但其光束宽是有限的。应用傅里叶变换,平面波谱展开和球面矢量波函数展开法,推导了非偏振贝塞尔高斯光束的球散射远场的无量纲散射函数。通过数值模拟,对非偏振的贝塞尔高斯光束与贝塞尔光束,高斯光束的球散射远场进行了比较,比较发现:当球散射体偏离光轴时,非偏振贝塞尔高斯光束跟贝塞尔光束散射远场的差异主要是散射强度的差异,但是散射极点所在的方向基本保持不变;贝塞尔高斯光束和贝塞尔光束的散射在光束圆锥角方向上比较显著,但高斯光束的前向散射比较显著。     

两亲性D-π-A型有机染料在染料敏化太阳能电池中的应用

设计合成了6个带有烷基链的D-π-A型有机光敏染料应用于染料敏化太阳能电池. 发现长链烷基有利于电池开路光电压的提高. 利用脂肪酸共敏化可进一步提高染料分子的敏化效果, 且提高的程度与脂肪酸的链长有重要关系.     

方酸染料在远红光区／近红外区对纳米晶二氧化钛电极的高效敏化作用

Four para-dialkylaminophenyl （PDAAP1-PDAAP4） bearing carboxyl groups were studied for application to the dye-sensitized solar cells （DSC）. It was found the short spacer CH2 between carboxyl and dialkylaminophenyl chromophore in PDAAP3 and PDAAP4 led to highly efficient monochromatic incident photon-to-current conversion efficiencies （IPCE）, however the long alkyl group C4H9 attached on aniline moieties in PDAAP2 and PDAAP4 favored improvement of open-circuit photovoltage. Thus, the solar cell sensitized by PDAAP4, having both short carboxyl groups CH2COOH and long alkyl groups C4H9, exhibited the IPCE maximum of 73% at 670 nm and overall energy conversion efficiency η of 3.06%, representing the highest IPCE and η values so far in dialkylaminophenyl-based organic dye-sensitized semiconductor solar cells. Taking advantage of the highly efficient sensitizing ability of PDAAP4 in far-red region, the data of IPCE above 630 nm of the solar cells were improved greatly by cosensitization with both N3 and PDAAP4. The influences of the TiO2 film thickness and the concentration of 4-tert-butylpyridine （TBP） in electrolyte were also investigated.     

有机溶剂法无水氯化镁的制备与表征

Ammonium carnallite was synthesized by hydrated magnesium chloride in salt lake and ammonium chloride solution. Dehydrated ammonium carnallite was dissolved in methanol under low temperature by feeding ammonia, to prepare anhydrous magnesium chloride. The results show that anhydrous magnesium chloride contains magnesium oxide in an amount less than 0.1% by weight, the yield of magnesium chloride was above 99.5%. Ammonium carnallite, ammoniation magnesium chloride and anhydrous magnesium chloride were characterized by thermoanalysis, X-ray powder diffraction and scanning electron microscopy.     

巴洛沙星-Tb^3＋-ATP荧光体系的建立及其分析应用

在二元配合物巴洛沙星-Tb^3＋中加入ATP,Tb^3＋在其特征波长545nm处的荧光强度增强,据此建立了新的巴洛沙星Tb^3＋-ATP荧光体系。在最优化实验条件下,增强的荧光强度与ATP的浓度呈良好的线性关系,线性范围为2．0×10^-6-3．0×10^-5mol／L,检出限为8．0×10^-7mol／L。详细的机理研究表明,ATP能与巴洛沙星-Tb^3＋形成大的三元络合物荧光体系。新建立的荧光体系成功地应用于ATP注射液中ATP的定量检测。对不同批次ATP注射液进行加标回收试验,回收率为101％-106％,测定结果的相对标准偏差为1．1％-1．9％（n=5）。     

CaCO3/PEEK复合体系的力学行为和热行为研究

以聚醚醚酮和碳酸钙复合体系为研究对象,考察了偶联剂和填料添加量对复合材料力学行为和热行为的影响.发现磺化聚醚醚酮作为偶联剂能有效地改善材料的力学性能,提高基体树脂的玻璃化转变温度,降低基体树脂的熔点,有助于改善聚醚醚酮的加工条件